英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法論文試析英語(yǔ)中的隱性否定現(xiàn)象

1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法論文：試析英語(yǔ)中的隱性否定現(xiàn)象摘要：本文就英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中詞、短語(yǔ)、句子的形式上肯定而意義上否定的表達(dá)方法作初步的探討。關(guān)鍵詞:詞;短語(yǔ);詞組;句子;隱性否定所謂隱性否定是指英語(yǔ)中有些詞或短語(yǔ)不與否定詞no、not等連用，就可以表示否定意思。這些詞、短語(yǔ)通過(guò)本身的詞匯意義或引申意義表現(xiàn)出否定意思。1、用詞表達(dá)否定意義表達(dá)否定意義的詞主要是名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、介詞等。(1)名詞。ignorance of law is of no excuse.無(wú)視法律是不能原諒的。we try to make up for the shortage of labor and materials.我們?cè)噲D彌補(bǔ)勞

2、力和材料的不足。i can not buy it because of my lack of money.我沒(méi)有錢(qián)，所以不能買(mǎi)。his absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident.他開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)心不在焉，差點(diǎn)造成交通事故。my failure surprised all of them.我的失敗使他們都很吃驚。her refusal to help them made me angry.她拒絕幫助他們使我很生氣。the children were in a state of neglect.孩子們無(wú)人看管。she comp

3、lained about the omission of her name from the list.她抱怨名單上沒(méi)有她的名字。(2)動(dòng)詞。he missed the school bus.他沒(méi)趕上校車(chē)。the door refused to open.門(mén)開(kāi)不開(kāi)。the teacher forbids us the use of this word.老師不許我們使用這個(gè)字眼。i'm afraid her name escapes me.我恐怕記不起她的名字了。we failedto understand his meaning.我們不明白他的意思。i neglected to wat

4、er the flower.我忘記給花澆水了。he forgot to do his homework,他忘了做作業(yè)。she ignored my question.她不回答我的問(wèn)題。(3)形容詞。most of the roads are now free of snow.大多數(shù)馬路現(xiàn)已沒(méi)有積雪。it's hard to learn english well.學(xué)好英語(yǔ)不容易。he is reluctant to play football with us.他不愿意和我們踢足球。my granny is in poor health.我奶奶身體不好。snow is absent is

5、some countries.雪在一些國(guó)家是看不到的。the climate in beijing and in guangzhou is different.北京和廣州的氣候是不同的。(4)介詞。learning without thought is labor lost.學(xué)而不思則罔。the book is above me.這本書(shū)我看不懂。she was touched beyond words.她激動(dòng)得無(wú)法形容her apearance is against us.她的出現(xiàn)對(duì)我們不利。i earn under $100 a mouth.我每月掙的錢(qián)不足100美元。their sugge

6、stion is beneath consideration.他們的建議不值得考慮。the patient is from danger.病人已沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)了。my father is off smoking.我父親已戒煙了。2、用短語(yǔ)或詞組表達(dá)否定意義表達(dá)否定意義的短語(yǔ)或詞組通常有動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)。(1)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。i raised my hands to protect my face from the blow.我抬起手擋住臉不被打。if they offer help,we'll turn them down.如果他們想幫我們，我們也不會(huì)接受的。keep off the

7、 grass.請(qǐng)勿踐踏草坪！danger!keep away!危險(xiǎn)！請(qǐng)勿靠近！his answer to this question differs from mine.他這道題的答案與我的不同。iiiness prevented me from attending the meeting.我因病未能出席會(huì)議。(2)形容詞短語(yǔ)。they are short of money.他們?nèi)鄙儋Y金。she always felt inferior to her elder sister.她總覺(jué)得自己不如姐姐。my home is far from my school.我家離學(xué)校很遠(yuǎn)。we are dif

8、ferent from each other in many ways.我們?cè)诤芏喾矫娑疾煌?3)介詞短語(yǔ)。when i missed the last bus.i was at a loss to know what to do.沒(méi)趕上最后一班車(chē)，我不知如何是好。all their efforts were in vain.他們所有的努力都沒(méi)用了。the sisters are both in the wrong.姐妹倆都錯(cuò)了。3、用句子表達(dá)否定意義最常見(jiàn)的肯定句表示否定意義有以下幾種：(1)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。she'd rather die than lose her children.

9、她寧愿死也不愿失去孩子。he is more bold than wise.他有勇無(wú)謀。i borrowed some books other than english books.我借了一些書(shū)，借不都是英語(yǔ)書(shū)。(2)條件句。before i could protest,he got to his feet.我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及提出異議，他已站了起來(lái)。if the train arrives on time i'll eat my hat.火車(chē)決不會(huì)正點(diǎn)到達(dá)。(3)感嘆句。if only i knew the answer!但愿我知道答案就好了！as if he would do!他才不會(huì)做呢！(4)祈使句。hurry up,or you'll be late.快點(diǎn)，否則你就要遲到了。(5)陳述句。he is the last man to rely on.他是最