一般過去時(shí)英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)詳解

1、The Old Cat An old woman had a cat.The cat was very old; she could not run quickly,and she could not bite,because she was so old.One day the old cat saw a mouse; she jumped and caught the mouse.But she could not bite it; so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away,because the cat could not bite i

2、t.Then the old woman became very angry because the cat had not killed the mouse.She began to hit the cat.The cat said,"Do not hit your old servant.I have worked for you for many years,and I would work for you still,but I am too old.Do not be unkind to the old,but remember what good work the old

3、 did when they were young." 【譯文】 老貓 一位老婦有只貓,這只貓很老,它跑不快了,也咬不了東西,因?yàn)樗昙o(jì)太大了.一天,老貓發(fā)現(xiàn)一只老鼠,它跳過去抓這只老鼠,然而,它咬不住這只老鼠.因此,老鼠從它的嘴邊溜掉了,因?yàn)槔县堃Р涣怂?于是,老婦很生氣,因?yàn)槔县垱]有把老鼠咬死.她開始打這只貓,貓說：“不要打你的老仆人,我已經(jīng)為你服務(wù)了很多年,而且還愿意為你效勞,但是,我實(shí)在太老了,對(duì)年紀(jì)大的不要這么無情,要記住老年人在年青時(shí)所做過的有益的事情.”英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)詳解：一般過去時(shí)一、一般過去時(shí)的定義一般過去時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)候或某一段時(shí)間所發(fā)生了的事情或存在的狀態(tài)。常與

4、過去時(shí)間yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, in the past 等連用。如：What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么？I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我會(huì)到了林濤。I was there a moment ago. 剛才我在那兒。 二、一般過去時(shí)的應(yīng)用1. 一般過去時(shí)表示過去(1) 表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)：He bought th

5、e computer five years ago. 這電腦是他五年前買的。It was then a small fishing village那時(shí)它只是一個(gè)小漁村。(2) 表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作：We often played together when we were children我們小時(shí)候常在一起玩。注：表過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)詞，也可用used to或would：He used to go to work by bus. 他過去常乘公共汽車去上班。2. 一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在(1) 在賓語從句中，由于時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的關(guān)系，可用一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在：I didnt know you were h

6、ere. 我不知道你在這兒。(were實(shí)際上指現(xiàn)在)I didnt know you were so busy我沒想到你這么忙。(were實(shí)際上指現(xiàn)在)(2) 表示客氣委婉的現(xiàn)在I wondered if you were free this evening. 不知您今晚是否有空。I thought you might like some flowers. 我想您也許想要些花。注：能這樣有的動(dòng)詞主要限于want, wonder, think, hope, intend等少數(shù)動(dòng)詞。(3) 用于某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中表示現(xiàn)在Its time we started. 我們?cè)搫?dòng)身了。I wish I knew

7、 his name. 要是我知道他的名字就好了。Id rather you lived closer to us. 我希望你能住得離我們近點(diǎn)。注：該用法主要用于its time, I wish, Id rather, if only, as if, as though 等少數(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)后接從句的情形，其中有些結(jié)構(gòu)后面的句子還可用一般過去時(shí)表示將來：Id rather you come next Monday. 我寧愿你下周星期一來。另外表主觀想法的虛擬條件句也用一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在：If I had the money now Id buy a car. 假若我現(xiàn)在有錢，我就買輛小汽車。三、一般過去時(shí)

8、對(duì)謂語動(dòng)詞的要求一般過去時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的過去式。動(dòng)詞過去式的構(gòu)成分規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種形式，不規(guī)則變化通常需要逐個(gè)記憶，規(guī)則變化則遵循以下原則：(1) 一般在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。如：playplayed, climb-climbed, offeroffered, weighweighed, destroy destroyed, signsigned.(2) 在以字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，只加-d。如：likeliked, hate hated, provideprovided, datedated。(3) 在以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，則改y為i，再加ed。如：study studied,

9、 worry-worried, supplysupplied, , (4) 在以單短元音的重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞后，雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。如：planplanned, stop-stopped, shop-shopped, referreferred, regretregretted, banbanned.四、特別說明有些動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般過去時(shí)，后接不定式的完成時(shí)；或它們的過去完成時(shí)接不定式的一般式，都可表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望。如：I hoped to have been

10、 invited to his wedding party. I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony. 我本希望他來邀請(qǐng)我參加他的婚禮。I intended to have joined their games. I had intended to join their games. 我本打算參加他們的比賽。 五、典型考題（附詳解）1. Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.A. has left; comes B. lef

11、t; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come解析：答案選 C。leave 應(yīng)發(fā)生在 had to wait 這個(gè)過去動(dòng)作之前，“過去的過去”用過去完成時(shí); 后一空用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來。2. Nancy is not coming tonight.But she _!A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised解析：答案選 B?！暗?jīng)答應(yīng)要來的”，過去的許諾，故用一般過去時(shí)。3. You havent said a word about my new coat,

12、 Brenda. Do you like it?Im sorry I _ anything about it sooner. I certainly think its pretty on you.A. wasnt saying B. dont say C. wont say D. didnt say解析：答案選 D。用一般過去時(shí)，指“我剛才沒急于說”。4. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _.A. has grown B. is growing C. grew

13、D. had grown解析：答案選 C。緊張伴隨等的過程而產(chǎn)生，應(yīng)同時(shí)發(fā)生，waited 是一般過去時(shí)，grow 也用一般過去時(shí)。5. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he _ it.A. doesnt mention B. hadnt mentioned C. didnt mention D. hasnt mentioned解析：答案選 C。只描述過去所發(fā)生的情況，但沒有強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，用一般過去時(shí)。6. I _ while reading the English textbook. Lucki

14、ly, my roommate woke me up in time!A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep解析：答案選 C。描寫過去發(fā)生的情況用一般過去時(shí)。7. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.A. begin B. began C. have begun D. had begun解

15、析：答案選 B。when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，when指20世紀(jì)90年代初，當(dāng)然用一般過去時(shí)。8. I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.Oh, how nice! Do you know when she _?A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. left解析：答案選 D。因?yàn)镴ane已經(jīng)度假去了，“離開”此地就當(dāng)然是在此之前的過去某個(gè)時(shí)間了，所以用一般過去時(shí)，選D。另外，when通常都不與完成時(shí)連用，排除B和C，A也與語境不符。9. I _ you not to

16、move my dictionary-now I cant find it.A. asked B. ask C. was asking D. had asked解析：答案選 A。由now可知前句的意思是：我曾經(jīng)叫你不要搬動(dòng)我的詞典的 (你偏不聽)?！敖小笔窃谶^去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般過去時(shí)。10. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.A. was B. were C. had been D. would be解析：答案選 A。由when t

17、he earthquake struck可知，要用一般過去時(shí)，排除C和D; 又因?yàn)橹髡Z是單數(shù)the teacher，所以只有A正確。11. The discussion _ alive when an interesting topic was brought in.A. was coming B. had come C. has come D. came解析：答案選 D。由whenwas brought in可知，come也是過去發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時(shí)。句意是：當(dāng)引入一個(gè)有趣的話題時(shí)，那場討論又變得活躍起來。12. She _her hairstyle in her hometown bef

18、ore she came to Chongqing for a better job.A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing解析：答案選 C。由came可知，她已來重慶了，而改變發(fā)型是在來重慶之前，即過去的過去，按理要用過去完成時(shí)，但before已經(jīng)表明緊接著發(fā)生的先后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，所以也可用一般過去時(shí)，所以選C。13. What we used to think _ impossible now does seem possible.A. is B. was C. has been D. will be解析：答案選 B。

19、根據(jù)句中的used to可知，空格處應(yīng)填一般過去時(shí)。句意為：我們過去認(rèn)為不可能的現(xiàn)在都似乎有可能成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。14. It is said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education.A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed解析：答案選 D。解答此題的關(guān)鍵是要抓住early這一形容詞。early European playing-cards的意思是“早期歐洲人玩的撲克牌”，既然是“早期

20、”，肯定就是過去的事了，所以用一般過去時(shí)。15. I _ in London for many years, but Ive never regretted my final decision to move back to China.()A. lived B. was living C. have lived D. had lived解析：答案選 A。許多同學(xué)一看到后面的have never regretted為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，同時(shí)選項(xiàng)C也是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)果濫用時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，將答案誤選C。其實(shí)，此題的最佳答案是A。句中but后的句子告訴我們，說話者現(xiàn)在已搬回了上海，所以他住在倫敦應(yīng)屬于過去的事情，

21、故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。16. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if _ yesterday.A. was happening B. happens C. has happened D. happened解析：答案選 D。根據(jù)句中的yesterday可知，要用一般過去時(shí)。17. I _ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _.A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was g

22、oing; had occurred解析：答案選 C。第一空用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去正在發(fā)生的情況; 第二空用一般過去時(shí)，表示過去突然發(fā)生的一件事。18. My cousin went to Canada two yours ago. He _ there for a few months and then went to America.A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working解析：答案選 A。注意句中的三個(gè)動(dòng)作：去加拿大在那兒住了幾年然后去了美國。由于前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作用的都是一般過去時(shí)，顯然中間的“在那兒住了幾

23、年”應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。19. As the years passed, many occasionsbirthdays, awards, graduations _ with Dads flowers.A. are marked B. were marked C. have marked D. had marked解析：答案選 B。由于句中增加了插入成分birthdays, awards, graduations，使得句子的主語與謂語were marked分離，從而增加了考生對(duì)句子理解的難度。根據(jù)句意，空格處應(yīng)填被動(dòng)語態(tài); 再根據(jù)句中的passed的時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)可知，空格處也應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故選B。

24、20. Ouch! You hurt me!I am sorry. But I _ any harm. I _ to drive a rat out.A. didnt mean; tried B. dont mean; am tryingC. havent meant; tried D. didnt mean; was trying解析：答案選 D。對(duì)于剛剛發(fā)生的情況，要用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。答語的意思是：對(duì)不起。但我不是有意要弄傷你，我是在把一只老鼠趕出去。21. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I _ there sever

25、al years ago.A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been解析：C。根據(jù)句末的several years ago可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。22. They _ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go.()A. had got B. got C. have got D. get解析：答案選 B。句子前半句講的是過去的事實(shí)，用一般過去時(shí); 后半句講的是對(duì)過去情況的假設(shè)，故用了would never have been這樣

26、的形式。 23. The play had already been on for quite some time when we _ at the New Theatre.A. have arrived B. arrived C. had arrived D. arrive解析：答案選 B。由于句中的had already been用的是過去完成時(shí)，而根據(jù)句意，arrive顯然應(yīng)發(fā)生在其后，故要用一般過去時(shí)。全句意為：當(dāng)我們到達(dá)新劇院時(shí)，戲已經(jīng)演了好一會(huì)兒了。24. When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone. Wher

27、e _?A. did you go B. have you gone C. were you D. had you been解析：C。句子的前半句說上午打電話時(shí)沒有人接電話，而后半句問對(duì)方當(dāng)時(shí)在什么地方。顯然，句子前后兩部分的時(shí)間應(yīng)一致，即用一般過去時(shí)。25. The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ in many worse hotels.A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed解析：D。根據(jù)The hotel wasnt particularly good這一句中的一般過去時(shí)可推知

28、stay in many worse hotels要用過去完成時(shí)，因?yàn)樗l(fā)生在wasnt之前。26. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldnt get through. Her brother _ on the phone all the time!A. was talking B. has been talking C. has talked D. talked解析：A。I called和I couldnt get through用的都是一般過去時(shí)，而talk on the phone這一動(dòng)作正是發(fā)生在I could

29、nt get through期間，故要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。27. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we _ each other for years.A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know解析：答案選 C。根據(jù)主句中的felt可知，其后的賓語從句應(yīng)用過去時(shí)態(tài)，故可排除B和D；再根據(jù)語境和句中的for years可知用過去完成時(shí)比用一般過去時(shí)更佳。28. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?Yes, since s

30、he _ the Chinese Society.A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined解析：答案選 D。since she join the Chinese Society為I have known Dr. Jackson since she join the Chinese Society之省略。連詞since所搭配的時(shí)態(tài)通常是：主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。29. If you dont like the drink you _ just leave it and try a different one.A. ordered B

31、. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered解析：答案選 A。句子的意思是：如果你不喜歡你點(diǎn)的飲料，把它放在一邊，另外試一種。根據(jù)此句意可知，“點(diǎn)飲料”已經(jīng)發(fā)生了，否則怎么知道自己不喜歡呢？所以空格處用一般過去時(shí)。又如：I accelerated and left the other cars behind. 我加速行駛，把其他的車子拋在后面。He asked her to marry him and she accepted him. 他向她求婚，她同意了。30. Have you known Dr Jackson for a long time?Y

32、es, since she _ the Chinese Society.()A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined解析：答案選 D。since she join the Chinese Society為I have known Dr. Jackson since she join the Chinese Society之省略。連詞since所搭配的時(shí)態(tài)通常是：主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。31. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it _ a

33、ll day.A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining解析：答案選 A。本題使用了虛擬語氣作為命題背景，且該虛擬語氣談的是過去情況（根據(jù)句中的had been和could have had可知），句意為“要是（當(dāng)時(shí)）天氣好一點(diǎn)，我們就可以去野餐了”。該虛擬語氣的言外之意是“（由于天氣不好）我們沒有去野餐”。為什么沒去呢？but后說的就是其原因：整天都在下雨。以上綜合以上語境分析，空格處只能填一般過去時(shí)。32. Did you go to the show last night?Yeah. Every boy and girl in the a

34、rea _ invited.A. were B. have been C. has been D. was解析：答案選 D。此題既考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法，同時(shí)又考查主語一致。根據(jù)問句中的時(shí)態(tài)和last night這一短語可知，此處談的是昨晚的事，故應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，而不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。另外，根據(jù)英語語法，當(dāng)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)名詞并列作主語，且受到every的修飾時(shí)，其后謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。故答案選D。33. He _ football regularly for many years when he was young.A. was playing B. played C. has played D. had pl

35、ayed解析：答案選 B。根據(jù)句中的when he was young可知，主句時(shí)態(tài)宜用一般過去時(shí)，句意為：他在年輕時(shí)經(jīng)常踢球，并踢過許多年。34. I dont believe youve already finished reading the bookI _ it to you this morning!A. would lend B. was lending C. had lent D. lent解析：答案選 D。根據(jù)句末的this morning可知，空格處應(yīng)填一般過去時(shí)。35. You speak very good French!Thanks. I _ French in Sic

36、huan University for four years.A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied解析：答案選 A。根據(jù)句意及句中時(shí)間狀語for four years可推知，空格處該用一般過去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；由于選項(xiàng)中沒有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故用一般過去時(shí)。36. The food here is nice enough. My friend _ me a right place.A. introduces B. introduced C. had introduced D. was introducing解析：答案選 B。根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容可

37、知，此刻說話者就在其朋友介紹的那個(gè)餐館用餐，所以其朋友給他們介紹這家餐館肯定是在此之前，故用一般過去時(shí)。即選B。順便說一句，這道題中的My friend introduced me a right place有兩處慣用法問題：一是introduce習(xí)慣上不接雙賓語；二是introduce表示“介紹”時(shí)，主要用于介紹兩個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的互相認(rèn)識(shí)，或是向聽眾或觀眾宣布并介紹演講者或廣播、節(jié)目等的細(xì)節(jié)。此句中的“介紹”其實(shí)是指“推薦”，故應(yīng)用recommend，即應(yīng)改為：My friend recommended me a right place.37. Edward, you play so well.

38、But I _ you played the piano.A. didnt know B. hadnt known C. dont know D. havent known解析：答案選 A。根據(jù)句意可知，說話者是“過去”不知道，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道了，因此句子用一般過去時(shí)。句意為：愛德華，你彈得太好了。但我之前不知道你會(huì)彈鋼琴。又如：Hello! I didnt know you were in London. How long have you been here? 你好! 我之前不知道你在倫敦。你在這里多久了?38. Scientists have many theories about how

39、the universe _ into being.A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come解析：答案選 A。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，宇宙的形成是發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時(shí)。句意為：關(guān)于宇宙如何形成科學(xué)家們有很多推測。又如：When did the world come into being? 世界是何時(shí)開始存在的?39. When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we _ up, her voice had been full of l

40、ife.A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. would hang 解析：答案選 C。從邏輯上說，當(dāng)我在電話里和奶奶聊天時(shí)，她的聲音聽起來很虛弱；但到我們要掛電話時(shí)，她的聲音又充滿朝氣。從邏輯上說，應(yīng)該是“奶奶的聲音又充滿朝氣”在先，“我們掛斷電話”在后，如果是反過來的話，那說話者就無法聽知道“奶奶的聲音又充滿朝氣”之回事了。所以“掛斷電話”應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。另外，由于by the time后接的定語從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)D不能選。40. I was out of town at the time, so

41、 I dont know exactly how it _.A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened解析：答案選 B。根據(jù)前面句中的一般過去時(shí)was可知，事情發(fā)生在過去，所以happen也宜用一般過去時(shí)。句意為：當(dāng)時(shí)我不在鎮(zhèn)上，所以我不是很清楚事情是怎么發(fā)生的。41. What do you think of the movie?Its fantastic. The only pity is that I _ the beginning.A. missed B. had missed C. miss D. would miss解析：答案選 A。根據(jù)問句的意思（你覺得這部電影如何）可知，答話者已看了這部電影，所以“錯(cuò)過電影的開頭”應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。42. Ive got to go now.()Must you? I _ you could stay for dinner with us.A. think B.