廣州市初中2018年中考英語試卷真題含答案(共28頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上2018年廣州市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)中考英語試卷真題含答案一、語法選擇閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從115各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote_1_300 songs and an opera.Xian was bom in Panyu,

2、Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with-_2_mother. He began learning to play_3_violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was_4_cheap and badly made that he_5_not play it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did n

3、ot stop_6_and soon showed his talent. In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students_7_ studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he_8_, Xian became the schools best student_9_won several prizes for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and helped fight against the Japanese army. Lat

4、er, he came to Yanan_10_music at a college._11_there were no pianos in Yanan at that time Xian still wrote _12_of his most important music there, including The Yellow River, his most famous work.In May 1940, Xian _13_to the Soviet Union by the Chinese Communist Party to write music for movies. In th

5、e Soviet Union, life was very_14_. Xian got sick and later died of a lung illness _15_October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xians music, however, lives on in the peoples hearts.1. A. near B. nearly C. nearby D. nearer2. A. he B. him C. his D. hes3. A. a B. an C. the D. this4. A. so B. such C. very D. much

6、5. A. need B. may C. should D. could6. A. practice B. practicing C. to practice D. practised7. A. what B. which C. whom D. who8. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. was leaving9. A. and B. but C. as D. or10. A. teach B. taught C. teaching D. to teach11. A. If B. Although C. When D. Because12. A. any B. li

7、ttle C. few D. some13. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. was sending14. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. the hardest15. A. at B. in C. on D. by【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】試題分析：冼星海是中國著名的音樂家。他創(chuàng)作了20世紀(jì)最偉大的音樂作品之一。在他短暫的一生中，他創(chuàng)作了300首歌曲和一部歌劇。本文主要介紹了

8、他短暫的一生，但是他的音樂卻活在人們的心中。1. 句意：在短短的一生中，他創(chuàng)作了近300首歌曲和一部歌劇。A. near介詞，在附近，方位介詞； B. nearly副詞，接近；C. nearby 形容詞或副詞，在附近；D. nearer形容詞或副詞，更近的。本題指數(shù)量上“接近”，需要副詞nearly。故選：B。2. 句意：因為他父親在他出生之前就去世了，他和母親從一個地方搬到另一個地方。A. he人稱代詞，作主語；B. him人稱代詞，作賓語；C. his 形容詞詞性物主代詞，他的，可作定語；D. hes他是。本句用在mother之前作定語。故選：C。3. 句意：他20歲時開始學(xué)習(xí)拉小提琴。A

9、. a 不定冠詞，一個，泛指；B. an不定冠詞，一個，泛指；C. the定冠詞，這（那），專指、特指；D. this指示代詞，這、這個，近指。固定表達(dá)“play the+音樂器材”。故選：C。4. 句意：一開始，他的小提琴很便宜，制作很糟糕，以至于他演奏不好。A. so副詞，如此、這么；B. such形容詞，這樣的； C. very副詞，很；D. much形容詞，很多；或副詞，很。根據(jù)語義可知，本句為 “ so +形容詞/副詞+ that +句子”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。故選：A。5. 句意：一開始，他的小提琴很便宜，制作很糟糕，以至于他演奏不好。A. need情態(tài)動詞，需要；B. may情態(tài)動

10、詞，可能；C. should情態(tài)動詞，應(yīng)該；D. could情態(tài)動詞，能。在“ so +形容詞/副詞+ that +句子”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，常使用情態(tài)動詞can/could。故選：D。6. 句意：冼星海沒有停止練習(xí)，很快就展現(xiàn)出他的才華。practice動詞，練習(xí)；practicing動名詞；to practice不定式； practised過去式。stop doing停止做某事（停止正在做的事情）；stop to do停下來做某事（to do是要做的事情）。此處指“停止拉小提琴”。故選：B。7. 句意：1934年，他是巴黎一所特殊音樂學(xué)校的首批中國學(xué)生之一。A. what疑問代詞，什么；

11、 B. which疑問代詞，哪個；C. whom 疑問代詞，誰，賓格；D. who疑問代詞，誰，主格。本句為定語從句，先行詞the first Chinese students，關(guān)系詞為whom/who。由于關(guān)系詞在句中作主語，所以用主格who。故選：D。8. 句意：在他離校之前，冼星海成為了學(xué)校里最好的學(xué)生，并因他的才華獲得了幾個獎項。A. leave動詞，離開；B. leaves三單形式；C. left過去式； D. was leaving過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)。本句描述過去發(fā)生的事情，謂語動詞使用過去式。故選：C。9. 句意：在他離開學(xué)校之前，冼星海成為了學(xué)校里最好的學(xué)生，并因他的才華獲得了幾個獎

12、項。A. and連詞，并且，表示并列關(guān)系；B. but連詞，但是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系； C. as連詞，當(dāng).時候。引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；D. or連詞，或者，表示選擇關(guān)系?！俺蔀樽詈玫膶W(xué)生”與“獲得獎項”之間是并列關(guān)系。故選：A。10. 句意：后來，他來到延安，在一所大學(xué)教音樂。A. teach動詞，教；B. taught過去式，教；C. teaching現(xiàn)在分詞或動名詞，教；D. to teach動詞不定式，教。本題為動詞不定式作目的狀語。故選：D。11. 句意：雖然當(dāng)時延安還沒有鋼琴，但他仍然在延安創(chuàng)作了一些最重要的音樂，包括他最著名的作品黃河。A. If 連詞，如果/是否，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句/賓語從

13、句；B. Although連詞，雖然、即使，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；C. When連詞，當(dāng).時候，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；D. Because連詞，因為，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。根據(jù)語境可知是“讓步關(guān)系”。故選：B。12. 句意：雖然當(dāng)時延安還沒有鋼琴，但他仍然在延安創(chuàng)作了一些最重要的音樂，包括他最著名的作品黃河。A. any代詞，任何，常與疑問句與否定句連用；B. little代詞，很少，代替不可數(shù)名詞，否定含義；C. few代詞，很少，代替可數(shù)名詞，否定含義；D. some代詞，一些，肯定含義。根據(jù)語境可知，此處為肯定含義“一些重要的音樂”。故選：D。13. 句意：1940年5月，中國共產(chǎn)黨將冼星海送往蘇聯(lián)

14、，為電影譜曲。A. sent送，派遣；B. was sent一般過去時態(tài)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)；C. has sent現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；D. was sending過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)。根據(jù)主謂之間的被動關(guān)系可知，本句使用“過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)”。故選：B。14. 句意：在蘇聯(lián)，生活很艱難。A. hard形容詞，困難的；B. harder比較級，困難的；C. hardest最高級，最困難的；D. the hardest最高級，最困難的。根據(jù)語境，此處沒有“作比較”的語境，因而形容詞使用原級。故選：A。15. 句意：在1945年10月30日，冼星海生病后死于肺病，年僅40歲。A. at 時間介詞，在，表示具體的點(diǎn)刻；B.

15、 in介詞，在，表示某一段時間內(nèi)；C. on介詞，在，在具體的某一天；D. by介詞，在.之前。本句指在具體10月30號。故選：C。點(diǎn)睛：整體把握語篇大意，揣摩上下文文意，理解語境并關(guān)注詞匯、短語之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系，選擇最符合作者表達(dá)意圖的選項；辨析定語從句中的關(guān)系詞，把握其各自含義和用法；理清上下文之間的轉(zhuǎn)折、承接、讓步、補(bǔ)充說明等關(guān)系，選擇合適的連詞。二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1625各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Before graduating college, Jackie began to look for a job. She a

16、imed at a famous company, but the _16_for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job. _17_, Jackie was one of the three people invited for the final interview. The interview was very _18_. The interviewer ask

17、ed just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes. Then the interviewer said to them, All of you are very good. Please go home and _19_our response.”Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be _20_the job. She felt deeply disappointed. That evening. however

18、she received another _21_. This time it said that she got the job.Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview-a_22_to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the_23_text, but only Jackies reply_24_ the company Of the three, one

19、 did not reply. The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”. This reply showed that Jackie was a/an_25_person, so the company offered her the job.16. A. exam B. work C. competition D. plan17. A. Thankfully B. Unluckily C. Hopefully D. Immediately18. A. long B. strict C. interesting D. simpl

20、e19. A. pick up B. wait for C. deal with D. think of20. A. offered B. returned C. refused D. shown21. A. letter B. e-mail C. call D. message22. A. guide B. conversation C. test D. lesson23. A. same B. other C. second D. whole24. A. reached B. satisfied C. helped D. surprised25. A. brave B. clever C.

21、 polite D. honest【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C【解析】試題分析：大學(xué)畢業(yè)前，Jackie開始找工作。她瞄準(zhǔn)了一家著名的公司，但這樣的工作的競爭非常激烈。在面試的過程中，Jackie展示了其禮貌的品質(zhì)，所以公司給了她這份工作。16. 句意：她瞄準(zhǔn)了一家著名的公司，但這樣的工作的競爭非常激烈。A. exam名詞，考試；B. work 名詞，工作；C. competition名詞，競爭；D. plan名詞，計劃。根據(jù)后文The company Jackie chose planned t

22、o employ only one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job.可知，工作競爭大。故選：C。17. 句意：謝天謝地，Jackie是被邀請參加最后面試的三人之一。A. Thankfully副詞，幸虧、感激地；B. Unluckily副詞，不幸地；C. Hopefully副詞，有希望地；D. Immediately副詞，立刻。競爭大，所以“感激地”成為最后面試的三人之一。故選：A。18. 句意：面試很簡單。A. long形容詞，長的；B. strict形容詞，嚴(yán)格的； C. interesting形容詞，有趣的；D

23、. simple形容詞，簡單的。根據(jù)后文The interviewer asked just a few questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes.可知，面試簡單。故選：D。19. 句意：請回家等待我們的回復(fù)。A. pick up撿起；B. wait for等候；C. deal with處理；D. think of想到、認(rèn)為。根據(jù)語境可知，面試后 “等候” 回復(fù)。故選：B。20. 句意：三天后，Jackie收到一條短信說她不會得到這份工作。本題考察被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞。A. offered提供；B. returned歸還、返回；

24、C. refused拒絕；D. shown展示。根據(jù)語境可知，本句為 “offter sb. sth提供給某人某物” 的被動語態(tài)。故選：A。21. 句意：那天晚上，然而，她收到了另一個信息。A. letter名詞，書信；B. e-mail名詞，郵件； C. call名詞，電話； D .message名詞，信息。 根據(jù)前文Three days later, Jackie received a message saying可知，此處為“另一條信息”。故選：D。22. 句意：Jackie后來發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)送到她手機(jī)的第一個消息是面試的一部分測試她是否適合這份工作。A. guide名詞，導(dǎo)游；B. conv

25、ersation名詞，會話；C. test名詞，測試；D. lesson名詞，課。面試的一部分，所以是一項“測試”。故選：C。23. 句意：這三個人都收到了同樣的短信，但只有Jackie的答復(fù)使公司滿意。A. same形容詞，相同的；B. other形容詞，其他的；C. second序數(shù)詞，第二；D. whole形容詞，整個的。根據(jù)語境可知，測試的內(nèi)容應(yīng)是“相同的”。故選：A。24. 句意：這三個人都收到了同樣的短信，但只有Jackie的答復(fù)使公司滿意。A. reached動詞，到達(dá)；B. satisfied動詞，使?jié)M意；C. helped動詞，幫助；D. surprised動詞，使驚奇。根據(jù)

26、前文This time it said that she got the job.可知，Jackie的答復(fù)“使公司滿意”。故選：B。25. 句意：這個回答表明Jackie是一個有禮貌的人，所以公司給了她這份工作。A. brave形容詞，勇敢的；B. clever形容詞，聰明的；C. polite形容詞，禮貌的；D. honest形容詞，誠實的。根據(jù)前文The other said “goodbye” and Jackie said “thank you”可知，Jackie是禮貌的。故選：C。三、閱讀第一節(jié) 閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從2645各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將

27、該項涂黑。（A）For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Childrens Activity Centre and said he could choose any course that interested him. There was just one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.To

28、that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some paints hoping that Lins artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now un

29、der his bed, still unopened. This time Lins parents would let him decide.Lins eyes moved down the noticeboard that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at Photography. He liked the idea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. Although Lins f

30、amily werent poor, they werent rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.The next course to catch his eye was Language Art. He didnt even know what that meant. His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing wor

31、se.Then he saw it. Cooking sounded like something hed like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative.Based on Lins hobby history, his dad had doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parents surprise, Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre ev

32、ery Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when they could eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.Now Lin is an adult an

33、d runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.26. Why didnt Lin choose to study photography?A. It was too expensive.B. He had no interest in it.C. He was not ve

34、ry creative.D. It was not offered that term.27. The underlined expression catch his eye in Paragraph 4 means “ ”.A. make him excitedB. cause him surpriseC. get his attentionD. help him see clearly28. Which of the following best describes Lins interest in cooking?A. It only lasted for a short time.B.

35、 It seemed to match his character.C. It was forced on him by his parents.D. It developed slowly over many months.29. Why did the father have doubts about Lins choice of cooking?A. Lin wasnt good at cooking.B. Cooking wasnt very convenient.C. He didnt think Lin would continue.D. Cooking wasnt a good

36、hobby for a boy.30. Whats the best title for the passage?A. A Strict FatherB. A Changeable BoyC. The Fun of CookingD. The Birthday Gift【答案】26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D【解析】試題分析：本文主要介紹了林在11歲時，那天他父親帶他去兒童活動中心，說他可以選擇任何令他感興趣的課程。就在那天他收到了一份改變他一生的特殊禮物。26. 根據(jù)第三段第三行Although Lins family werent poor, they weren

37、t rich either, and a camera cost a lot of money. 可知，不選擇學(xué)習(xí)攝影，是因為花費(fèi)高。故選：A。27. catch動詞，抓住、趕上；根據(jù)前文He continued looking.，以及后文His father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches.可推知， Language Art.引起了他的注意。 故選：C。28. 根據(jù)第四段最后一句Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse., 以及第五段Cooking soun

38、ded like something hed like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also creative. 可知，“烹飪”這似乎符合他的性格。故選：B。29. 根據(jù)第二段第一句To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two可知，他認(rèn)為林不會堅持下去。故選：C。30. 根據(jù)本文主要介紹了林在11歲時，那天他父親帶他去兒童活動中心

39、，說他可以選擇任何令他感興趣的課程。就在那天他收到了一份改變他一生的特殊禮物。所以 The Birthday Gift最符合文意。故選：D。（B）Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restauran

40、ts. That is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full

41、 of inns that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “restaurant”.A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups(湯). On his sign

42、 he used the word restaurant to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help restore(恢復(fù))your health- in French the word restore is “restaurer”- so he called the soups restaurants. Soon, people started buying Boulangers soups even when they were not ill.

43、 And over time, people began to use the word restaurant to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More restaurants opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often. Later, restaurants in Paris began to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear

44、. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British began to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the Bri

45、tish Empire.Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.31. What is the passage mainly about?A. How restaurants developedB. What made a good restaurant.C. Who created the first restaurantD. Why restaurants became popular.32. According t

46、o the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?A. Restaurants only served foodB. Restaurants were more expensiveC. Restaurants were mainly in citiesD. Restaurants had a list of meal choices33. Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?A. Rich peopl

47、eB. Sick people.C. Travellers.D. Workers.34. When it was first used. what did the word restaurant refer to?A. A person.B. A place.C. Illness.D. Soup.35. When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?A. In the 1600s.B. In the 1700s.C. In the 1800s.D. In the 1900s.【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35.

48、C【解析】試題分析：1765年以前，世界上沒有餐館。本文主要介紹了餐館是如何 “從無到有，再到種類繁多”的發(fā)展過程。31. 根據(jù)本文主要介紹了餐館是如何 “從無到有，再到種類繁多”的發(fā)展過程。所以“How restaurants developed” 最符合文章大意。故選：A。32. 根據(jù)第一段的最后兩句There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.可知， 餐廳有可供選擇食物的菜單。

49、故選：D。33. 根據(jù)第三段的第三句At that time, soups were considered something that could help restore(恢復(fù))your health- in French the word restore is “restaurer”- so he called the soups restaurants、第四句Soon, people started buying Boulangers soups even when they were not ill可知，布朗熱期望生病的人去餐廳吃飯。故選：B。34. 根據(jù)第三段的第三句 At tha

50、t time, soups were considered something that could help restore(恢復(fù))your health- in French the word restore is “restaurer”- so he called the soups restaurants可知，restaurants指代 “湯”。故選：D。35. 根據(jù)第四段的第二行By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world.可知，19世紀(jì)中葉，全世界有很多類型的餐館，開始在國際上

51、發(fā)展起來。故選：C。（C）Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people dont know is that junk(垃圾)has become a problem in outer space too.According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the earth. And these are just the things that we can

52、 see from the surface of the earth by telescopes (望遠(yuǎn)鏡). There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we cant see.Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very small piece can break important satellites or become dang

53、erous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russian rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 piec

54、es, increasing the amount of space junk.To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earths atmosphere after that time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn u

55、p.Many scientists also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earths atmosphere to burn up. The Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space

56、 junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.The problem is becoming more challenging because were sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers,” says Marco Castronuovo, an Italian spaceResearcher.“The time to act is now. The longer we leave the p

57、roblem, the bigger it will become,” he says.36. What does the underlined word “these” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Telescopes.B. Satellites.C. Pieces of space junk.D. BBC news reports.37. Why is space junk considered a problem?A. It buns up after it re-enters the atmosphereB. It often stops the view of