初中英語語法連詞專題

1、Topic: 連詞Teacher: Wang KepingFrom : No.2 middle school連詞用法解析連詞用法解析 主講：王克平主講：王克平第四講：連詞第四講：連詞wordwordphrasephrase sentencesentence連詞連詞 連詞的作用：把詞連詞的作用：把詞與詞、短語與短語、與詞、短語與短語、句子與句子連接起來。句子與句子連接起來。它不能在句中單獨(dú)作它不能在句中單獨(dú)作句子成分。句子成分。 二、連詞分類：并列連詞從屬連詞連詞：and, but, or, so, (for)連詞詞組: eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut als

2、o, bothand, (as well as)that，whether, if, unless, while / when, until, because, so that, sothat, though/ although, even if, asas 等連詞按其性質(zhì)可分為：連詞按其性質(zhì)可分為：從屬連詞從屬連詞并列連詞并列連詞聯(lián)合轉(zhuǎn)折選擇因果（1）表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系，聯(lián)合的雙方是）表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系，聯(lián)合的雙方是對等的，意義上趨向一致。常用連對等的，意義上趨向一致。常用連詞有：詞有：and “和和”both.and “兩者都兩者都”neither.n or “既不既不也不也不”n ot onl y.b

3、ut a lso “不但不但而且而且”as well as “也也”Eg:我喜歡蘋果和香蕉。我喜歡蘋果和香蕉。I like apples and bananas.I like both apples and bananas.I like not only apples but also bananas.我不喜歡蘋果和香蕉。我不喜歡蘋果和香蕉。I like neither apples nor bananas.Eg:你和Tom都是我的好朋友。You and Tom are my good friends.Both you and Tom are my good friends.Not only

4、you but also Tom is my good friend.你和Tom都不是我的好朋友。Neither you nor Tom is my good friend.就近原則就近原則那些學(xué)生和她都喜歡音樂。The students as well as she music. like（2）表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，連接的雙）表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，連接的雙方構(gòu)成對比，意義上有轉(zhuǎn)折。常方構(gòu)成對比，意義上有轉(zhuǎn)折。常用連詞有用連詞有buteg：You can watch TV, but you must finish your homework first. （3）表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞，）表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞，連接的

5、雙方只取其一。常用連連接的雙方只取其一。常用連詞有詞有or “或者或者”either.or “或者或者或者或者”eg：你今天或明天可以去北京。：你今天或明天可以去北京。You can go to Beijing either today or tomorrow. You can go to Beijing today or tomorrow. 你必須早點(diǎn)起床，否則你就會(huì)遲到。你必須早點(diǎn)起床，否則你就會(huì)遲到。 You must get up early or you will be late.Eg:或者你或者他是中國人。Either you or he is Chinese.或者他或者你是中國人

6、。Either he or you are Chinese.就近原則eitheror小試牛刀小試牛刀1._Lily_Lucy can go with you,because one of them should stay at home.2._Lily_Lucy can go with you, because they should do their homework tonight. 3._Lily_Lucy can go with you, _they should finish their homework at first.EitherorNeithernorBothandbut（4

7、）表示因果關(guān)系，連接的雙）表示因果關(guān)系，連接的雙方，互為因果，或者前因后方，互為因果，或者前因后果，或者前果后因。常用的果，或者前果后因。常用的連詞有：連詞有： for “因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)椤?so “所以所以”+原因+結(jié)果Eg:一定已經(jīng)下過雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦?。一定已?jīng)下過雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦?。It must have rained, for the ground is wet.剛才下雨了，所以地面濕了。剛才下雨了，所以地面濕了。It rained just now,so the ground is wet.例例1：Come tomorrow, I will give it to you.Aor Ba

8、nd CthoughDif提示：提示：and在此處解釋為在此處解釋為“那么那么”，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。 例例5：The teacher his students likes football.Aand Bas well as Cand also Dalso提示：提示：as well as 連接兩個(gè)主語連接兩個(gè)主語用靠前原則。用靠前原則。 用法例析用法例析 1.并列連詞 - 連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞，短語或句子。 常見的有：(1)表并列關(guān)系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor，as well as（也，和）等。(2)表選擇關(guān)系的or, ei

9、theror等。(3)表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but, however等。(4)表因果關(guān)系的for, so等。 考點(diǎn)一：1）判斷改錯(cuò)： They sat down and talk about something. They started to dance and sang. I saw two men sitting behind and ate there.FFFeatingsingtalkedand (“和，并且”) 與 or (“否則”)“and” 連接平行結(jié)構(gòu)。 （1）肯定句中用“and” 表“和”；（2）否定句中用“or”表“和” 。2）翻譯： 我喜歡英語和數(shù)學(xué)。 我不喜歡英語和數(shù)學(xué)。 I

10、like English _ math. I dont like English _ math.and or= Study hard, _ your math will be worse.3）用 “and” 或“or” 填空： Study hard, _ your math will be better.and or “and”意為“這樣，那么”； “or” 意為 “否則” 。 表表轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞的連詞butbut 和和howeverhowever： e.g. (他努力工作，但以失敗告終。他努力工作，但以失敗告終。) He worked hard, _ he failed at last. H

11、e worked hard. _, he failed at last.區(qū)別區(qū)別: : but but 后后沒有逗號，直接連接分句；沒有逗號，直接連接分句； howeverhowever 后后有逗號相隔，可放句末。有逗號相隔，可放句末。butHowever考點(diǎn)二 ：觀察句子 ： （1）Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.改為：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard a

12、s others.（2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.”*although/ though 和but這兩個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞不能同時(shí)用。 ?同樣，此句錯(cuò)誤， because 和 so 等關(guān)聯(lián)詞都不能同時(shí)使用?？键c(diǎn)三 ：either A or B “或者A或者B”neither A nor B “既不A也不B”not only A but also B “不僅A而且B” - 連詞詞組 ：Either you or I _ going to the party.(或者你或者我將去晚會(huì)。)Neither I nor he _ seen th

13、e movie.（我和他都沒有看過這部電影。）Not only you but also he _ French.（不但你而且他也講法語。） 【連接主語時(shí)“就近原則”】amhasspeaks考點(diǎn)四 2. 從屬連詞-用來引導(dǎo)從句。常見的從屬連詞有：(1)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的if, unless等。(3)引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的because, as, since等。(4)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的so that, in order that等。(5)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語

14、從句的though, although, even if等。(6)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的so that, sothat, suchthat等。(7)引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的than, asas等。(8)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的that, if , whether等。 Mr. White was taking a shower _ the UFO landed on the street. A. where B. while C. when D. whetherCWhile Mr. White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street.考點(diǎn)六 “when” 和

15、 “while”when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的動(dòng)作多為終止性動(dòng)詞，也為可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞；但while只能是可持續(xù)動(dòng)詞?？键c(diǎn)七 我父親直到我們吃完飯時(shí)才回來。 My father _ come back until we had supper.notuntil/ till 直到才till 直到為止翻譯：他直到3歲才會(huì)講話。He _get up until his mother wakes him up.didnt 他經(jīng)常等到媽媽叫他才起床。 He _ speak until he was 3.couldntdoesntHe took the MP3 player with him _ he could en

16、joy music during the trip.A. because B. so that C. whenB考點(diǎn)八 他起早是為了趕上早班車。(表目的) He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.He got up early so that he caught the early bus.他起早，結(jié)果趕上了早班車。（表結(jié)果） He got up so early that he caught the early bus. sothatso that：為了； 所以，結(jié)果如此以致Funny Husband (H) & Wi

17、fe (W) about Shopping情境對話 ：H：“What are we going to do, my dear？” W: “Go shopping.”H：“We can do nothing _shopping.”W：“In fact, _ you _ I like shopping.”H: “Why must you do the things _ you dont like?” W: “_ my skirts are out of style, _ I want to buy a new one.”W:（In the clothing shop.）I dont know_ they fit me. ”H: “I dont know _ you really like. Just go inside and try them on.”H：（對seller笑笑）“Can you talk to me for a few minutes