2017年高考英語閱讀專練(七選五)

1、2.第1頁共 10 頁2017 年高考英語閱讀專練（七選五）1.Brain Tran spla ntsResearch on the human brain has been attractingmore and morescie ntists in rece nt years. 1 If we compare a huma n brain to a hard disc, what the scie ntists are doingis to make better use of the hard disc.The idea that a human brain could be transp

2、lanted may come fromFranken ste in. In 1999, an experime nt tur ned a bear into a dolphi n._2They were made of the memory area in the dolphin s brain containinginformationabout swimming. They had a series of useful information,which was saved in to a butt on-sizedchip （芯片）.Later the in formatio nwas

3、 tran spla nted in to the acti on memory area in the bear_3 s brai n.It proved to be a highly successful experimentand a bear was turnedinto a dolphi n.Recently, another memory transplant was performed at the MotorNerve Research In stitute of the Un iversity of California. The experime nthad an enti

4、re transplant of the memory area. 4 The transplantwas performed from a dog n amed Gen ius to a dog n amed Idiot. Gen ius could follow up to 100gestures and orders made by its master. It was a real genius in memoriz ing. However, Idiot had no contact with people since its birth. It became an animal w

5、ith nothing in its brain, without any memory.5 Whe n the two dogs woke up, Idiot had grasped all the abilitiesGenius possessed; it was good at memorizingand sensible. It couldfollow every gesture and any comma nd give n by its master. But Gen ius gave no response to its master,and did not recognize

6、him at all.A. The experime nt was a complete success.B. It in cluded acti ons, moods, logic, words, images, etc.C. Then it was released by means of electric power.D. Different images have different meanings in the memory area.E. Usi ng the most adva need tech no logy, detailed images were produced.F

7、. Discoveries show that messages are carried by the central nervous system in the brai n.G. One of the latest topics is how to change the human brain or comb ine it with the computer.W. Lloyd JeromeIf you walk in to W.Lloyd JeromeYou II see bright pain ti ngs and a fashi on ables Den tal Surgery sde

8、ntalsurgery in Glasgow,第2頁共 10 頁patients sit on while he checks their teeth. Jerome says,“ That sbecause the/ re frightened?_1_ “That whyIdon t wear a white coat. I find that one of thethings that people associate with pain. In fact, my philosophy is that den tal treatme nt should take placein an at

9、mosphere of relaxation, interest and, above all, enjoyment” ,is all highly shock ing for anyone who associates den tal treatme nt withpain, or at the very least, formal, cli ni cal visits. He says,“If prelaxed, en terta ined and correctly treated, they will forget such previousunpleasant experiences

10、/“ Virtual -reality headsets are one of his new relaxation techniques._2_ The headsets are used for the first check-up, where the patie ntsits on the blue couch and watches ar film while I look at their teeth.Then the headset switches to a special camera, to give the patient a visual tour around the

11、ir mouth.”“ Another key point is that the surgery smells more like a perfumeshop than a dentist Today there is the smell of orange. When people walk in, I want them to realizewith all their senses that itlike going to dentist s. Smell is very important._ 3_ ”Known as Glasgow s most fashi on able den

12、 tist, Jerome is kee n topoint out that he takes his work very seriously._ 4_ For example,Jerome uses a special in strume nt which sprays warm water on the teethto clea n them, rather tha n scrap ing them.“It feels a bit stra nge, but aslong as people are relaxed；it s not painful/_5_ “ One of the th

13、ings I found out there was that when you make it easier for the patient, youmake it easier for yourself. ” He seeshis patie nt-ce ntred attitude as the start of a gradual moveme nt towards less formality in theconservative British dentistry profession. At that moment, a patient arrives. Jerome rushe

14、s over, offershim a cup of tea, asks him what video heke tbl watch and leads him gen tly towardsthe chair.A.Five years ago；Jerome went to the United States to do research.B. He has tried to create an environment where people are not afraid.C. The relaxation techniques are important but the quality o

15、f thetreatment is the most important thingD.We were the first practice in Britain to introduce them.E.Now they look forward to their visits here+F. That den tal smell of surgical spirit can get the heart rac ing in minu tesif you re frightened of dentlStS,G. Fifty percent of the population only go t

16、o the dentist when they in pain.3.School Phobia第3頁共 10 頁School phobia is a type of illness which causes the students, typically between the ages of 8-13, tobe afraid to go to school. Symptoms in clude stomachaches, tired ness, shak ing, a rac ing heart andfreque nt trips to the toilet._1_ Most commo

17、nlyit is the result of separationanxiety, but itcan also be caused by differe nt kinds of stress. A child who has rece ntly moved, suffered a loss, orgone through a divorce may develop school phobia, and phobias can also develop in resp onse to an unrecog ni zed lear ning disability, and poor self-i

18、mage._2_ He or she may become physically ill whe n ordered to school, or prete nd to be sick to avoidgoing. Whe n the child arrives at school, he or she may run away, or develop behavioral problems inclass. Whe n school is discussed, the child can become impatie nt, upset or an gry.Many tech niq ues

19、 can be used to man age school phobia. But research suggests that much moreeffective treatment is required for school phobia to prevent problems developing in later life. Childrenwith this con diti on usually ben efit from see ing a psychologist or doctor._3_ As soon as a school phobia is identified

20、, parents should take action too. Like other phobias,school phobia gets worse if it is left un treated, and it can preve nt the child from succeed ing in school._4_If bullyingis a cause, for example, the bullyingsituation should besolved. A teacher can meet the child at the door and take him or her

21、to class, and provide support so thatthe child feels a friendly adult is always available.Changes at home can include supportive Ianguage from parents, along with support likeassistanee with homework. If a child lacks con fide nee, pare nts may en courage the child to take upnew hobbies. _5_ Pare nt

22、s might also talk to their childre n about their own fears of school and howthey got over them, and their own enjoyme nt of school and school-like activities.A. It will help childre n to feel good about themselves.B. But a child with phobia refuses to accept adults support.C. A child with school pho

23、bia usually refuses to go to school.D. Adjustme nts can be made at home and in the classroom to help.E. This com mon phobia is associated with a wide variety of causes.第 4 頁 共 10 頁F.The most effective treatment is to help the child have a sense of success.G. And the assistance can help parents and s

24、chool officials support the child.4.The Pleasing Sound of a RainstickA rainstick is a long tube that is carved out, with small sticks or other materials pushed inside sothat it has a somewhat smooth surface on the outside, but small barriers inside. These can be in a linedpattern, for a specific sou

25、nd, or placed at random for a more varied effect. It is then filled with a variety ofdifferent things, like small stones, or beads（ 珠子）, or even rice, and the ends are capped to provide aseal. _1The origins of rainsticks are not really known and so the stories are quite varied. Some people saythat t

26、he ancient peoples of Chile created rainsticks from dried cactus（ 仙人掌 ） , with the sharp pointstaken off,pushed back inside and then filled with small stones. _2_ TheDeaguita Indians survive even today, and they are still using them in many of their rain ceremonies.They also make them as musical ins

27、truments._3_ Turning the stick over quickly will produce a higher sound,while turning it slowly will produce a deeper effect. How long the effect lasts depends on how long theinstrument is. The tube also affects the quality of the rain sound as well. If you make them from somekind of absorbent mater

28、ial, like cactus or bamboo, you will hear it better than if you were to make it fromcardboard tubing.A rainstick can be made from almost any kind of material and the types of things that you can useas fillings can be even more varied. _4 Usually, these school projects are made using a cardboardtube,

29、like the center from a roll of toilet paper or a paper towel tube. Tooth picks are then inserted, with theexposed ends cut off and glued in place. _5A.You can even make your own rainsticks, and they are often part ofschool projects where they are used to help children learn the history of Indian peo

30、ples.B. When turned upside down, these materials fall down through the tube, bouncing off of the barriers toproduce a calming rain-like sound.C. These were then capped with pieces of wood on the ends and usedin ceremonies to bring rain to their crops.D.One end is capped off with poster board and fil

31、led with rice or beans, and then the other end issealed.E. You can get different rain sounds, depending on how fast you turnthe rain stick itself.F.This rain stick can n ever be ope ned accordi ng to the scared writ ingsof the ancien ts.G. They can be three feet or Ion ger depe nding on what the tub

32、e itself is made from.5.Tips on Young Adult LifeAs you grow rapidly through your tee nage years, you will experie nee a lot of changes. Thechanges may seem difficult. _1_ Don t panic! You will deal successfully with them! You are a youngadult now!第5頁共 10 頁With more resp on sibility, you will find mo

33、re freedom to make your own choices. This is a time to bewell in formed about making choices. In this way you can make healthy balaneed decisions. 2 Youmayalready know your career path or you may have no idea at all what you want to do. Both situati ons arefine! Work hard and the right opportunity w

34、ill present itself to you.Young adulthood means greater freedom and more choices. _3 But try not to shut your family out ofyour life. You school lear n to think of others eve n though you are old eno ugh to look after yourself.It is also perfectly naturalat this time for you to spend more timewith y

35、our frie nds tha n your family4 A true friend will sta nd by youno matter what happe ns.This period is a part of the life cycle. There are some people who will be with you throughout life s journey. There will be some people withwhom you part and go separate ways. Leav ing school can be hard. The re

36、ality is that you may not even see all of your classmates aga in.You are a young adult. It is your life. No one can live it for you._5So making the right choices will be importa nt to you. Life is for liv ing. Enjoy your life wisely!A. Choose your friends wisely.B. They will help shape the future.C.

37、 They may seem to happen quickly.D. You will probably want to be independent.E. You may appreciate what you have in your own life.F.The choices that you make from now on will be your choices.G. Your family has been with you since you came into this world.The First America nsThere was a time long ago

38、 whe n a land bridge conn ected Asia andNorth America. The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia toAlaska. The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used forfood.Eventually, the oceans rose and the land bridge betwe

39、en the continents disappeared. The settlers,who I shall call the “ First America ns ” , could not return to their homela nd.1For the next few thousa ndyears, the First America nsmigratedsouth and east throughout North and South America. They made the journey all the way from Alaska tothe southern ti

40、p of South America, a dista nee of more tha n 10,000 miles.2In the far n orth, above the Arctic Circle, the First America ns became hunters of the ocean. 3 In thebrief summer, they gathered berries and other pla nts. In the win ter, they stayed in lodges much of thetime preparing for the next summer

41、. It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these harsh con ditions.Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First America nsbecame cliff dwellers（懸崖居民）.They bega n6.第6頁共 10 頁by livi ng in caves that already existed in the cliffs.4 The dwelli ngsthey constr

42、ucted in many ways resembled today s apartment buildings.5 They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time ofthe year. They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not foundnaturally in the desert.In Mexico and South America,

43、the First America ns foun ded civilizations that were among thegreatest in the world. They built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances inscienee and mathematics long before the Europea ns arrived.A. They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.B. Along the way, they e

44、stablished many different civilizations.C. The First America ns of the Southwest learned to irrigate the desert.D. They would have to survive in the New World they had discovered.E. They built boats of ani mal skins and hun ted or fished for their food.F. People living near each other tended to shar

45、e similar environments and customs.G. They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone.7.Public Speaking and Critical Thinking第 7 頁共 10 頁What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, it sa matter of logic of being able to spotweakness in other people sarguments and

46、to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skillssuch as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. _1_ Thegreatest thinkers, scientist

47、s and inventors have often taken information that was readily available andput it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking._2_ As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a great deal of time organizingyour speeches. While this may seem like a purely

48、mechanical （ 機(jī)械的 ）exercise, it is closely connectedwith critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinkingis also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is good chance yourthinking is too. Organizing a speec

49、h is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. _3_What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. _4_ As you work onexpressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly andaccurately. _5_ As you learn to listen cr

50、itically to speeches in class, you will be better able toassess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a criticalthinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded a

51、s a vital part ofeducation since the days of ancient Greece.A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.D. It has often been s

52、aid that there are few new ideas in the world, onlyreorganized ideas.E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a numberof ways.G. As you study the

53、 role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can beused in other forms of communication.第8頁共 10 頁ShopaholismThe word addict ion usually makes you thi nk of alcohol or drugs.1_ Some people are compulsive shoppers. Others find it impossibleto pull themselves away from their w

54、ork. Still others spend countless hours watch ing TV or play ingcomputer games.2Many people enjoy going to malls or stores more and more every day, but it smore tha n a com mon hobby for some of them.They have turned into shopaholics. They are people who simply enjoy shopping and walking aroundspend

55、ing money without being able to stop doing it. They are hooked on shopp ing and usually buy things that they don t n eed. Eve n though they don t have eno ugh mon ey, theybuy everythi ng they want.The question is: why do they have this addic tion? There isn a specific an swer. Some people goshopp in

56、g whe n they are sad, worried, upset or Ionely and they want to feel better. They use this activityas a way to forget their problems. Shopaholics say that they feel more importa nt and better after theybuy someth ing.3Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addict ion, but it can bring out problems. Some

57、 of them canbe psychological. If this is the case, people addicted to shopp ing should go to a support group to helpthem break this habit. However, the process, like for most addictions,is long, andthey suffer _ a lot. 4 They just think about satisfyingtheir feelings, so they spend money they don t

58、have.A. Once you are addicted to alcohol or drugs, it is difficult to get rid of.B. Over the years, shopp ing has become a very com mon activity.C. They also tend to have this addict ion whe n they feel guilty.D. However in modern-daysociety we are seeing some new kinds ofaddict ions.E. People addic

59、ted to computer games consider the games as great ways to amuse themselves.F. They get deep in debt, and they can eve n go ban krupt and get sent to pris on.G. It can also cause financial problems.Flavori ngMost drinks stating that they are fruit-flavored （水果味道的）containno fruit at all, while most of the rest contain only a small quantityoffruit, accordi ng to a study carried by the British Food Commissi on.“ Shoppers need to check the lab