六級翻譯練習(xí)(共4頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上中國的貨幣不僅歷史悠久而且種類繁多，形成了獨特的貨幣文化。中國最早的貨幣是海貝，大概出現(xiàn)在夏代。到了春秋時期(the Spring Autumn Period)，由于各個地區(qū)社會條件和文化的差異,人們使用不同的貨幣。秦朝的建立統(tǒng)一了中國混亂的貨幣系統(tǒng)，人們開始使用銅錢(copper coins)。北宋時期，世界上最早的紙幣交子(Jiaozi)出現(xiàn)了。白銀在明清時期成為了法定的流通貨幣，小額交易則往往用銅錢。貨幣的形式的不斷變化展現(xiàn)了中國商業(yè)的發(fā)展，是中國古代文明的重要組成部分。Chinese currency has a long history and a vast

2、 variety, which forms a unique monetary culture. The earliest currency of China was seashell, which probably appeared in the Xia Dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn Period, diverse currencies were used owing to the differences in social conditions and cultures in different regions. The establishme

3、nt of Qin Dynasty unified the chaotic Chinese monetary system and people began to use copper coins. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Jiaozi, the world's first paper currency, appeared. Silver became the legal currency in circulation in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, while copper coins were often used

4、 in small transactions. The changing form of currency showed the development of Chinese business, which was an important part of Chinese ancient civilization.春聯(lián)(Spring Festival couplets)，是中國特有的一種文學(xué)形式，有著悠久的歷史。春聯(lián)上的文字簡潔、精巧，象征著人們對未來的巨大期盼，表達人們對新年的美好愿望。貼春聯(lián)是春節(jié)的一大傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，也是中國人歡度新年春節(jié)的重要方式。每逢春節(jié)，無論在城市還是農(nóng)村，家家戶戶都要精

5、心挑選一副大紅春聯(lián)貼在門上為節(jié)日增加喜慶(festive)氣氛。各家各戶會根據(jù)自家的情況選擇不同內(nèi)容的春聯(lián)，比如商人的家庭會張貼與發(fā)財有關(guān)的春聯(lián)，農(nóng)民家庭則選擇表達豐收愿望的春聯(lián)。The Spring Festival couplet is a unique Chinese literary form with a long history. The text of couplets is concise and delicate, which symbolizes the Chinese great expectation for the future and conveys people&

6、#39;s good wishes of the New Year. As a traditional custom during the Spring Festival, pasting couplets is also an important way for the Chinese to celebrate the Spring Festival. During Spring Festivals, in both urban and rural areas, each household will select a pair of red couplets carefully and p

7、aste them on the door to enhance the festive atmosphere. Each household would choose couplets with different contents according to their own circumstances. For instance, merchant families would paste the couplets related to making a fortune, while farmer families would choose couplets expressing the

8、 desire for a good harvest.可持續(xù)發(fā)展是20世紀80年代提出的一種新的發(fā)展觀。這種模式要求在保護環(huán)境的條件下發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，既要滿足當(dāng)代的需求，又不能損害后代人的利益。它的核心思想是確保經(jīng)濟、資源和環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，目的是讓子孫后代享受充分的資源和良好的環(huán)境?？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展是中國的一項基本國策。目前中國正集中精力節(jié)能減排，加快資源節(jié)約型和環(huán)境友好型工業(yè)體系的建設(shè)，加大環(huán)境保護力度，提高生態(tài)文明(ecological civilization)的水平。Sustainable development is a new concept of development put forwar

9、d in the 1980s. The mode requires that economy be developed on the condition of environmental protection. It should satisfy the need of the present without damaging the interests of the future generations. The core idea is to ensure the harmonious development among economy, resources and environment

10、. The goal is to let offspring enjoy abundant resources and good environment. Sustainable development is a basic state policy of China. Now China is focusing on energy saving and emission reduction, accelerating the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly industrial systems, making

11、more efforts to protect the environment, and raising the level of ecological civilization.絲綢之路(the Silk Road)是中國古代最著名的貿(mào)易路線。在這條路上運輸?shù)纳唐分?，絲綢占很大部分，因此得名“絲綢之路”。絲綢之路起點始于長安，終點遠達印度、羅馬等國家。絲綢之路從漢代開始形成，到唐代達到鼎盛，駱駝曾是絲綢之路上的主要交通工具。中國的造紙、印刷等偉大發(fā)明通過這條路傳播到了西方，而佛教(Buddhism)等宗教也被引入中國。絲綢之路不僅僅是古代國際貿(mào)易路線，更是連接亞洲、非洲、歐洲的文化橋梁。Th

12、e Silk Road is the most well-known trade route in ancient China. It got its name because silk comprised a large proportion of commodities transported along this road. The Silk Road started at Chang'an and extended as far as countries like India and Rome. The Silk Road was opened up during the Ha

13、n Dynasty and reached its peak in the Tang Dynasty, with camels being the major means of transportation. Great inventions in China, such as paper-making and printing were spread to the Western world along this road and religions like Buddhism were also introduced to China. The Silk Road was not only

14、 an ancient international trade route, but also a cultural bridge linking with Africa and Europe.轉(zhuǎn)基因食品(Genetically Modified Food;GMF)是利用基因工程技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的食品。它具有產(chǎn)量高、營養(yǎng)豐富、抗病力強等優(yōu)勢，但也存在明顯的缺陷可能會造成基因污染(gene contamination)。因此，轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的安全性一直是一個有爭議的話題。在中國，政府和科學(xué)界支持轉(zhuǎn)基因作物的推廣，卻持續(xù)引發(fā)信任危機。鑒于人們對相關(guān)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的安全擔(dān)憂，中國政府草擬了新的糧食法，試圖對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品進

15、行更嚴格的管理。該法規(guī)定，任何單位和個人不得在主要糧食品種(principal grain cultivars)上應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)。Genetically Modified Food/GMF refers to food produced by applying the technology of genetic engineering. It has the advantages of high productivity, rich nutrition and strong disease resistance, etc. But its defect is also apparentit m

16、ay lead to gene contamination. Thus, the safety of GMF remains a controversial topic. In China, the government and the scientific community support the promotion of genetically modified crops, but touch off a continuous trust crisis. In view of people's concern about the safety of related agricu

17、ltural produces, the Chinese government has drafted a new grain law，intending to impose a stricter management on GMF. The law requires that no entity and individual should apply genetically modified technology to the principal grain cultivars.公益廣告(public service advertisement)指為社會公眾的利益和社會風(fēng)尚服務(wù)的廣告。它不以

18、盈利為目的，屬于非商業(yè)性廣告，是社會公益事業(yè)(cause of the public good)的重要組成部分。公益廣告的主題一般取材于老百姓的日常生活，如健康、安全和環(huán)保等。目的是提高公眾的道德意識，改變公眾對社會問題的態(tài)度。中國最早的公益廣告出現(xiàn)在1986年。隨后，公益廣告的社會影響力逐漸增強。去年,中央電視臺舉辦了首次電視公益廣告大賽，呼吁社會各界關(guān)注并參與公益事業(yè)。Public service advertisement refers to the ads served for the public interests and social atmosphere. Public ser

19、vice advertisement refers to the advertisement that serves the interests of the public; and social fashion. As a significant part of the cause of the public good, it is noncommercial and does not aim at making profit. The themes of public service advertisements generally come from the daily life of

20、ordinary people, such as health, safety and environment protection. Its objectives are raising public awareness of ethics and changing public attitudes towards social issues. The earliest public service advertisement in China appeared in 1986. From then on, its social influence heightened gradually.

21、 Last year, CCTV hosted China's first public service advertising competition, appealing to people in all walks of life to concern about and participate in the cause of the public good. 故宮(the Imperial Palace)位于北京市中心，是世界上現(xiàn)存規(guī)模最大、保存最完整的古代皇宮和古建筑群(architectural complex)。這座歷史悠久的宮殿，面積宏大，南北約千米，東西753米。整個

22、皇宮相傳共有9999個房間，分為外朝和內(nèi)庭兩部分。外朝是皇帝行使權(quán)力、舉行盛典的地方。內(nèi)庭是皇帝的居住之地。故宮建筑群是中國古代宮殿建筑(Palatial architecture)的典范，對東亞及其他國家的文化和建筑產(chǎn)生了重大影響。而今整個故宮成為國家博物館，陳列著眾多珍貴的古代文物(cultural relics)。The Imperial Palace, located in the center of Beijing, is the largest, best preserved ancient imperial palace and architectural complex in

23、the world. The historical, spacious palace stretches about 1,000 meters from north to south and 753 meters on its east-west axis. Altogether, there are 9,999 rooms inside the palace according to legend, which is made up of two parts: the outer court and the inner court. The outer court was a place w

24、here the emperors exercised their power and held grand ceremonies. The inner court was the imperial residence. The palace complex exemplifies traditional Chinese palatial architecture, and has influenced cultural and architectural developments greatly in East Asia and elsewhere. Today the entire Imp

25、erial Palace functions as a national museum, where a variety of treasured cultural relics are exhibited.中華人民共和國成立以來，為提高國民素質(zhì)，政府致力于普及九年義務(wù)教育。九年義務(wù)教育是指小學(xué)和初中階段共計9年的教育。1986年，中國制定了中華人民共和國義務(wù)教育法(Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China)，這標志著從法律上確立了義務(wù)教育制度。從那以后，九年義務(wù)教育取得了顯著的進展。2002年的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，小學(xué)

26、學(xué)齡兒童的入學(xué)率達到98.6%。2006年，新的義務(wù)教育法的頒布使義務(wù)教育向素質(zhì)教育、免費教育大步邁進，促使中國的教育進入一個全新的發(fā)展階段。Since the foundation of the People's Republic of China, the government has been devoted to popularizing the nine-year compulsory education with the aim to improve the national qualily. The nine-year compulsory education refer

27、s to nine years of education in primary and junior secondary schools. In 1986，China formulated Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China, which indicated that the compulsory education system was legally established. Since then, the nine-year compulsory education had made signifi

28、cant progress. According to the statistics in 2002, the enrollment rate of primary school-aged children reached 98.6%. In 2006, the enacting of a new compulsory education law helped the compulsory education make great strides to quality-oriented education and free education, promoting the education in China into a new stage of development.“光盤行動”(“Clear Your Plate”Campaign)建議用