初中過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞

1、真誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)參考資料，若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正。1.A-A-A型（現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞同形）動(dòng)詞原形（現(xiàn)在式）過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞cost cost cost花費(fèi)cut cut cut割，切hit hit hit打let let let讓put put put放下read read read讀hurt hurt hurt傷2.A-A-B型（現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式同形）beat beat beaten打3.A-B-A型（現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去分詞同形）come came come來(lái)become became become變r(jià)un ran run跑4.A-B-B型（1）在動(dòng)詞原形后加一個(gè)輔音字母d或t構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去

2、分詞。Burn burnt burnt燃燒learn learned/learnt learned/learnt學(xué)習(xí)mean meant meant意思hear heard heard聽(tīng)見(jiàn) （2）把動(dòng)詞原形的最后一個(gè)輔音字母“d”改為“t”構(gòu)成過(guò)去式或過(guò)去分詞。Build built built建筑lend lent lent借給lose lost lost失去send sent sent送spend spent spent花費(fèi)（3）其他pay paid paid付say said said說(shuō)bring brought brought帶來(lái)buy bought bought買(mǎi)think thou

3、ght thought想sleep slept slept睡keep kept kept保持sweep swept swept掃stand stood stood站understand understood understood明白win won won得勝catch caught caught抓住 dig dug dug挖teach taught taught教feel felt felt覺(jué)得fight fought fought戰(zhàn)斗find found found發(fā)現(xiàn)get got got得到have had had有hold held held盛，握l(shuí)eave left left離開(kāi)ma

4、ke made made制造meet met met遇見(jiàn)sell sold sold賣(mài)shoot shot shot射擊smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled嗅，聞Wake waked/woke waked/woken醒來(lái)Spell spelled/spelt spelled/spelt拼寫(xiě)Hide hid/hid hid/hidden 躲藏hang hanged/hung hanged/hung絞死，掛shine shone/shined shone/shined發(fā)光Bear bore/bore borne/borntell told told告訴 deal de

5、alt dealt 處理sit sat sat坐5.A-B-C型（現(xiàn)在式、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都不相同）（1）在動(dòng)詞原形后加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。Forget forgot forgotten忘記Eat ate eaten吃fall fell fallen落下steal stole stolen偷give gave given給freeze froze frozen凍結(jié)take took taken拿see saw seen看見(jiàn)write wrote written寫(xiě)ride rode ridden騎drive drove driven駕駛throw threw thrown拋，扔blow b

6、lew blown吹grow grew grown生長(zhǎng)know knew known知道fly flew flown飛draw drew drawn拉，繪畫(huà)show showed shown展示 Do did done 干（2）過(guò)去式加-n或-en構(gòu)成過(guò)去分詞。Speak spoke spoken說(shuō)話break broke broken破碎，折斷特殊的：Lie lied lied說(shuō)謊Lie lay lain 躺下位于Lay lain lain 置放 eg.The hens don't_eggs during such cold weather.She_her books on the

7、table._一般過(guò)去時(shí)1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：last year(week,monday.),.ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in 1990Eg: she was a teacher two years ago她兩年前是個(gè)老師。I saw him in the street yesterday.昨天我在街上看見(jiàn)他了。He arrived in Hangzhou an hour ago.他一個(gè)小時(shí)前就到達(dá)了杭州。（表某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作）Where were you just now

8、? 你剛才在哪里？(表存在的狀態(tài)）2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)也可以表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和often, always等頻率副詞連用。Eg: He always asked questions when he was young.當(dāng)他年輕的時(shí)候他總愛(ài)問(wèn)問(wèn)題。 The children often went hungry in the old days.在舊社會(huì)，他們的孩子經(jīng)常挨餓。 During his middle school years, he played football nearly very year.他在中學(xué)時(shí)代幾乎天天踢球。3.表示主語(yǔ)過(guò)去的特征和性格等Eg: At that tim

9、e she spoke very good English.她那時(shí)英語(yǔ)說(shuō)的很好。 She was a orphan and gave piano lessons to rich children.她是個(gè)孤兒，給有錢(qián)人的孩子上鋼琴課。4. 用used to + 動(dòng)詞原形 或 would+動(dòng)詞原形，也可以表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Eg: I used to leave for school at 7:30.我過(guò)去總是在7：30離家去上學(xué)。 Whenever he had a chance, our teacher would have a talk with us.老師一有機(jī)會(huì)就會(huì)和我們談心。

10、5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)也可以與today, this week, this month等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Eg: I saw him today.我今天見(jiàn)過(guò)他。 He come later three times this week. 這星期他遲到了3次。 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的幾種句型肯定句型主語(yǔ)+ was/were +其他Eg: There were in Shanghai in 2000.2000年的時(shí)候他們?cè)谏虾！Ｖ髡Z(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+其他Eg: He went to the book store last night.昨晚他去書(shū)店了。否定句型主語(yǔ)+was/were not （wasn't / wer

11、en't)Eg: My father was not at home last Sunday.主語(yǔ)+did not (didn't) + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其他Eg: She did not come to school this morning.她今天早上沒(méi)來(lái)學(xué)校。疑問(wèn)句型Was/Were +主語(yǔ)+其他Eg；Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was ./No,it wasn't去年冬天冷不？Did+主語(yǔ)+其他Eg: Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did/ No, we didn't你

12、們?nèi)ツ耆チ吮本﹩?？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞 have/ has +過(guò)去分詞Eg: I have studied English for five years.我已學(xué)英語(yǔ)5年了。 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在之前已發(fā)生過(guò)或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在又關(guān)系，也就是說(shuō)，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。I have lost my wallet.(含義是; 現(xiàn)在我沒(méi)有錢(qián)吃飯了）Jane has laid the table.(含義是：已可以吃飯了）Michael has been ill.(含義是：他現(xiàn)在還很虛弱）He has returned from

13、 abroad.(含義是：他已經(jīng)在此地了） 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來(lái)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況，常與for,since連用。Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往往和表示不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如already, yet, just,before, recently, lately等。He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently.We have seen that film

14、before.Have they found the missing child yet? 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常和表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如often, sometimes, ever, never,twice, on several occasion等。Have you ever been to Beijing?I have never heard Bunny said anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman on sever

15、al occasions. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還往往可以同表示在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如now, up to these few days/ weeks/months/years, this morning/week/month/year, now,just, today, up to present, so far等。 Peter has written six pages so far. Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom. There has been too much rain this year. Up to present, everything has been successful. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在