2019年英語高考題全國I卷譯文

1、2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試 英語全國卷I第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分 40分）ANeed a Job This Summer?今年夏天需要工作嗎？The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.省政府及其合作伙伴提供了許多項目來幫助學(xué)生找到暑期工作。截止日期和你需要申請什么取決于這個項目。Not a stude

2、nt? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills , find a job or start businesses all year round.不是一個學(xué)生嗎？訪問政府網(wǎng)站，了解可以幫助30歲以下的人提高技能、找到工作或全 年創(chuàng)業(yè)的項目和在線工具。Jobs for Youth專為年輕人的工作If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the prov

3、ince, you could be eligible （符合條件） for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.如果您是居住在該省某些地區(qū)的青少年，您可以有資格參加該計劃，該計劃提供八周帶 薪就業(yè)和培訓(xùn)。Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities （社區(qū)）誰有資格：15-18歲的青年在選定社區(qū)（社區(qū)）工作。Summer Company夏季公司Summer Company provides st

4、udents with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3000 to start and run their own summer businesses.暑期公司為學(xué)生提供實踐，f的商業(yè)培訓(xùn)和高達(dá)3000美元的獎勵，以啟動和經(jīng)營他們自己的暑期業(yè)務(wù)。Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.誰有資格：15-29歲的學(xué)生，秋季返校。Stewardship Youth Ranger Program青少年管理員計劃You could app

5、ly to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.今年夏天，你可以申請成為一名青年護林員，并在當(dāng)?shù)刈匀毁Y源管理項目上工作八周。Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire , but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.符合條件的學(xué)生：16歲或17歲的學(xué)生，但在今年 12月31日之前未滿18歲

6、。Summer Employment Opportunities （機會） 夏季就業(yè)機會Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.通過暑期就業(yè)機會計劃，學(xué)生每年都會在各省公共服務(wù)部門及其相關(guān)機構(gòu)和社區(qū)團體的各種暑期職位上就業(yè)。Who is eligib

7、le: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 orup to 29 for persons with a disability.誰有資格：15歲或以上的學(xué)生。有些職位要求殘疾人士的學(xué)生年齡為15至24歲或最多29歲。BFor Canaan Elementary 'second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it ' s Chris Palaez ' s tu-yeThel

8、8 is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.對于紐約州帕奇格的卡納小學(xué)二年級來說，今天是演講日，現(xiàn)在輪到克里斯 帕萊茲了。這個8歲的孩子是班上的小丑。他有著閃亮的黑眼睛起來像是那種喜歡在公眾場合演講的孩子。But he ' s nervous. "I' m here to tell you today why you should . should .” Chris tr-ld &qu

9、ot; a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, ThomasWhaley, is next to him, whispering support. ".Vote for . me . Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to

10、praise him.但他很緊張。我今天要告訴你為什么你應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”?？死锼贡籹hould中的-ld ”發(fā)音絆倒了，這個發(fā)音是許多非英語母語人士的發(fā)音難題。他的老師托馬斯威利在他旁邊，低聲表示支持。“投票贊成我”，除了一些磕磕絆絆，克里斯做得非常好。當(dāng)他的 演講結(jié)束時，威利邀請全班同學(xué)稱贊他。A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to re

11、ad, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.作為一個移民的兒子，克里斯三年前開始學(xué)習(xí)英語。威利回憶在今年年初，當(dāng)要求閱讀，克里斯會借口去洗手間。Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a greatteacher who lets you make mistakes. " It takes a lot for any student," Whaley explains, “ especi

12、allfor a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, don ' t know, but I want to know.'"把英語作為第二語言學(xué)習(xí)可能是一段痛苦的經(jīng)歷。你需要的是一個讓你犯錯的好老師。對任何一個學(xué)生來說都需要很多，”沃利解釋說，尤其是對于一個學(xué)習(xí)英語作為他們新語言的學(xué)生來說，要有足夠的信心說我不知道，但我想知道”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidentia

13、l campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.威利萌生了這個

14、二年級總統(tǒng)競選項目的想法，有一天他問孩子們，如果他們認(rèn)為自己永遠(yuǎn)成不了總統(tǒng)，請舉手。答案傷透了他的心。威利說這個項目不僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)在公共場合閱讀和說話。他想讓這些孩子學(xué)會自吹自擂。Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,Whaley says,is very difficult for a chiwho came into the classroom not feeling confident.吹噓你自己和你最好的品質(zhì), 非常困難的?！蓖f， 對于一個走進教室時沒有自信的孩子來說是CAs data and identity theft

15、becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric （生物測量） technologies - like fingerprint scans - to keep others out of private e-spaces At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.隨著數(shù)據(jù)和身份盜竊變得越來越普遍，指紋掃描等生物識別技術(shù)的市場也在增長，以將其他人擋在私人電子空間之外。但目前，這些技術(shù)仍然很昂貴。Researchers from Georgi

16、a Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device （裝置） that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence印奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things

17、 like the force of a user' s typing and thetime between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people 'identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it ' s connected regardless of whether someone gets th

18、e password right.佐治亞理工學(xué)院的研究人員表示，他們已經(jīng)設(shè)計出一種低成本的設(shè)備來解決這個問題： 智能鍵盤。這款智能鍵盤精確地測量了一個人打字的節(jié)奏和手指按壓每個鍵的力度。通過分析用戶打字的力度和按鍵之間的間隔時間，鍵盤可以提供強大的安全層。這些模式對每個人來說都是獨一無二的。因此，鍵盤可以確定人們的身份，并通過擴展來確定是否應(yīng)該授予他們訪問與其連接的計算機的權(quán)限一一無論是否有人獲得了正確的密碼。It also doesn ' re quire a new type of technology that people aren ' atready familiar

19、 with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.它也不需要一種人們不熟悉的新技術(shù)。每個人都使用鍵盤，每個人的打字方式也不一樣。In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch f3ur times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize differe

20、nt participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts . The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.在一項描述這項技術(shù)的研究中，研究人員讓 100名志愿者用智能鍵盤四

21、次輸入“touch”這個單詞。從設(shè)備上收集的數(shù)據(jù)可以根據(jù)不同參與者的打字方式來識別他們，錯誤率非常低。研究人員說，鍵盤應(yīng)該是非常直接的商業(yè)化，主要是由廉價的塑料類零件。該團隊希望在不久的將來將其推向市場。DDuring the rosy years of elementary school（小學(xué)）,I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens

22、, andmean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.美好的小學(xué)時代，我既愛與人分享自己的洋娃娃，又愛給人講笑話，這使我一直享有很高的交際地位 一一我就是課堂下的校園女皇。然而，隨著青少年期的降臨，來到我生活中的 還有一些壞女孩和?？嵘倌陚儭Ｋ麄儾皇且驗榕c人友善而名聲大噪，而是由于抽煙、違紀(jì)、捉弄

23、他人等惡習(xí)。很快，我也隨波逐流，成了他們中的一份子。Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology, sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers The likables ' pW非with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-sta

24、rt interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then th ere ' s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.受歡迎度是社會心理學(xué)中一個已經(jīng)深入探究的課題。臨床心理學(xué)教授米奇普林斯坦將受歡迎的人分為兩類：討人喜歡的人和地位尋求者。討人喜歡的人非常合群，這種特質(zhì)能深 化校園友誼，迅速提

25、升人際交往技巧。而且， 這種特質(zhì)如果發(fā)掘的早，會在我們?nèi)蘸蟮纳罴肮ぷ髦薪K生受用；還有一種在青少年時期出現(xiàn)的受歡迎度是源于權(quán)力甚至不光彩行為的 地位。Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein studies show unpleasant consequences Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are“ most likely to engOQe in

26、dangerous and risky behavior ".盡管?？嵘倌陚兛雌饋砗芰钊肆w慕，但普林斯坦博士的研究卻顯示出令人不快的結(jié)果。那些在高中交際地位最高的人，以及那些在小學(xué)時最不受歡迎的人，最有可能會做出一些高危及冒險的事兒”。In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked , the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys

27、（調(diào)查研究）.“Wefound that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status . It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”在一項研究中，普林斯坦博士對235名青少年進行了有關(guān)兩

28、種受歡迎度的細(xì)致分析，并基于學(xué)生研究對最不受歡迎者、最受歡迎者和地位最高者進行了評分。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著時間的推移，最不受歡迎的青少年對他們的同學(xué)會變得更加盛氣凌人?！笨墒?，（意外的是，）那些交際地位很高的人竟然也如出一撤。這清楚地表明，雖然討人喜歡可以帶給我們良好的人際適應(yīng)能力，但是很高的交際地位對我們的影響卻恰恰相反。Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date -sharing, kindness, openness - carry over to

29、 later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.普林斯坦博士還發(fā)現(xiàn)，促使你身邊的小伙伴與你相約玩耍的特質(zhì)是-愛分享、善良以及開放。這些特質(zhì)可以延續(xù)很久，并使你能夠更好地與他人交往聯(lián)系。In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsi

30、ble for those outcomes, too. “Beingliked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, “ he said.在對自己及其他更多的研究進行分析時，普林斯坦博士得出了另一個結(jié)論：討人喜歡不僅與積極的生活結(jié)果密切相關(guān)，而且也會促使產(chǎn)生這些結(jié)果。他說：被人喜歡能夠創(chuàng)造出學(xué)習(xí)以及多種新生活經(jīng)驗的機會，從而幫助某人獲得某種優(yōu)勢?！钡诙?jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）Is Fresh Ai

31、r Really Good for You? 新鮮空氣真的對你有好處嗎？We all grew up hearing people tell us to“ go out and get some fresh air." Just as import we tend to associate fresh air with health care. According to recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.我們都是聽著別人告訴我們出去呼吸點新鮮

32、空氣”長大的。同樣重要的是，我們往往把新鮮空氣與醫(yī)療聯(lián)系在一起。根據(jù)最近的研究，如果營地的空氣質(zhì)量好，答案是肯定的。Fresh air cleans our lungs. If the air you ' re breathing is cwiarch it would-be if you' reaway from the smog of cities then the air is filled with life -giving , energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn t

33、o breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles （肌肉） and your brain.鮮空氣清潔我們的肺。如果你呼吸的空氣是干凈的一一如果你遠(yuǎn)離城市的煙霧一一那么空氣中就充滿了賦予生命的、充滿活力的氧氣。如果你在戶外鍛煉，你的身體將學(xué)會更深地呼吸，讓更多的氧氣進入你的肌肉和大腦。Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing （治愈）.All across the c

34、ountry, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood （情緒）.Greenery is good for us. Hosp

35、ital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. Being in nature refreshes us. It gives us a great feeling of peace.最近，人們開始研究自然世界和治療之間的聯(lián)系。全國各地的康復(fù)中心已經(jīng)開始建造康復(fù)花園。在這些地方，病人在康復(fù)期間可以接近大自然。事實證明，僅僅看綠色植物，生長 的東西就可以減輕壓力，降低血

36、壓，讓人心情更好。綠色植物對我們有好處?？吹酱巴鈽渲Φ尼t(yī)院病人比看到建筑物或天空的病人恢復(fù)得更快。置身大自然使我們精神煥發(fā)。它給我們一種平和的感覺。Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. While the sunage and harm s rays canour skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D but still protect your skin - put on sunscreen

37、right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that' s plenty of time tabsorurasklayto - s worth ofVitamin D.獲得新鮮空氣的另一個好處是陽光。雖然太陽光線會老化并傷害我們的皮膚，但它們也會給我們提供有益的維生素D。防曬霜15分鐘后才開始起作用，這段時間足夠你的皮膚吸收一天所需的維生素Do第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分 45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）Every yea

38、r about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They bring with them lots of waste. The crowd might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers are disappearing, changing the face of Kilimanjaro.每年大約有4萬人試圖攀登非洲最高峰乞力馬扎羅山。他們帶來了大量的垃圾。人群可能會破壞這個地方的美麗。冰川正在消失，改變著乞力馬扎羅山的面

39、貌。Hearing these stories, I ' mkeptical about the place other destinations are described as “purer " natural experiences.聽了這些故事，我對這個地方產(chǎn)生了懷疑一一其他旅游目的地被描述為比乞力馬扎羅山更純粹”的自然體驗。However, I soon discover that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of camps among tons of rubbish. I find

40、a clean mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off.然而，我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，自從那些令人不安的關(guān)于在成噸垃圾中的營地的報道以來，情況發(fā)生了很大變化。我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座干凈的山， 營地和小路上都有廁所。 環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)是重大的， 但坦 桑尼亞國家公園管理局的努力似乎正在取得成效。The bes

41、t of a Kilimanjaro experience , in my opinion, isnachirtgehe top. Mountains areregarded as spiritual places by many cultures . This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as climbers go through five ecosystems in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3000

42、 meters, giving way to lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather changes low clouds envelop the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I count twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4000 meters is the highland desert: gravel, stones and rocks. Finally, you climb into

43、 an arctic-like zone with permanent snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.在我看來，乞力馬扎羅山最棒的經(jīng)歷并不是到達(dá)頂峰。許多文化都認(rèn)為山是精神的地方。這種觀點在乞力馬扎羅山尤為明顯，因為登山者要在幾公里的空間內(nèi)穿過五個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。最下面的是一片熱帶雨林。它在海拔3000米處突然終止，讓位給生長低矮的植物。再往上走， 天氣就變了 一一低矮的云層籠罩著長滿青草的山坡。我從我站的地方數(shù)到十二道綠色陰影。 海拔4000米以上是高原沙漠： 礫石、石塊和巖石。最后，你會爬進一個像北極一樣的地帶， 那里終年積雪，冰川可

44、能很快就會消失。Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.乞力馬扎羅山是不是應(yīng)該被譽為一座擁擠的山峰，這里擠滿了破壞和平氣氛的游客？我發(fā)現(xiàn)恰恰相反。第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題l.5分，滿分15分）The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as

45、 far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88 °, there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000 -25,000 polar bears worldwide.北極熊生活在北極圈和一些大的陸地上，南至紐芬蘭。雖然它們在88。以北非常罕見，但有證據(jù)表明，它們的活動范圍橫跨北極，甚至遠(yuǎn)至加拿大的詹姆斯灣。由于對北極熊活動范圍的研究甚少，很難計算出全球北極熊的數(shù)量。然而，生物學(xué)家計算出全球大約有20,000到25,000只北極熊。Modern methods of tracking pol