初三中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解專題之主旨大意題解題技巧講義教案(含練習(xí)答案)

1、學(xué)員編號(hào)：年 級(jí)：課時(shí)數(shù):學(xué)員姓名：輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)學(xué)科教師：授課類型C中考沖刺（閱讀理解之主旨大意解題技巧）星 級(jí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1 .分辨主旨題的類型。2 .掌握主旨題相關(guān)的答題技巧，并能靈活應(yīng)用到題目當(dāng)中。C中考沖刺（閱讀理解之主旨大意解題技巧）忘蠢| 一、3E廊開(kāi)門（建議2-5分鐘）A Private ConversationLast week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman

2、 were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily.'I

3、t's none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!'Questions:1. Tell me the title of this short passage?2. Tell me the main idea of this short passage3. What does this passage imply?Keys:Title : A Private ConversationThe main idea: The writer was

4、annoyed by a young man and a young woman who was talking at cinema Imply: The young man and young woman misunderstood the writer 批注： 本部分導(dǎo)入目的是為了讓學(xué)生搞清title/main idea/imply 之間的區(qū)別，以便于“奪寶奇兵”部分的講解Title: An identifying name given to a book, play, film, musical composition, or other work/A general or descri

5、ptive heading, as of a book chapter.Main idea: the main contents of the passage, a book, play, film, musical composition, or other work Imply: to impress or state indirectly加5寺寶寺兵士三（建議20-25分鐘）I、選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題（to choose the best title）想象一下，你的中文作文如何擬定一個(gè)標(biāo)題？工1.概括文章的主要內(nèi)容（13 年崇明）What was school like in ancient

6、times? In Greece, 2,500 years ago, students used to get up at dawn to go to school. Classes began very early and ended when it was dark. Students didn ' rest on the weekends. They had classes seven days a week, so they didn' t have much time for anything else. In Athens, only the sons of ric

7、h peoplto school, and they started school around the age of seven. After they learned to read and write, they used to study Greek poems and historical works. Music was very important, and physical training was also important. Teachers used to hit students who didn ' t pay attention or were lazy.

8、 Girls stayed at home with their motherseamded how to do housework in the home.In ancient Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual （雙語(yǔ)）education. They had to study Greek and Latin. Students usually had classes outside, if the weather was good, or in the teacher . Young student

9、s sat on the floor. Older students used to sit on benches, higher up. That' s how " high school ”Education was very important to the ancient Aztecs of Mexico. Boys and girls used to attend school, but they were kept in different classes. They learned Aztec history, myths, and rituals, but t

10、hey memorized。己?。〆verything because there weren ' t any textbooks. The boys received intensive military training, and the girls learned how to manage the home and the family. There were two kinds of schools: one for children of rich families and another for children of ordinary families.79. Whic

11、h of the following might be the best title for this passage?A） Schools in Ancient TimesB） Greek Poems and MusicC） Bilingual Education in RomeD） Schools in Ancient MexicoTell me the main idea of every paragraph ：The first paragraph:The second paragraph:The third paragraph:批注：答案：AThe first paragraph:

12、What was school like in ancient times?The second paragraph： In ancient Rome, boys and girls from wealthy families received a bilingual （雙語(yǔ)）education.The third paragraph: Education was very important to the ancient Aztecs of Mexico.本部分雖然有所介紹，但是所占篇幅比較少。本部分主要是教會(huì)學(xué)生從總結(jié)文章各段主要內(nèi)容方面，去選擇最適合的標(biāo)題，標(biāo)題一定是能概括文章大意，不是

13、只說(shuō) 明某一段的內(nèi)容的，比如例題中的D選項(xiàng)，只說(shuō)明了第三段的內(nèi)容。如果學(xué)生覺(jué)得選項(xiàng)難以取舍，也可讓學(xué)生對(duì)比各部分內(nèi)容的篇幅來(lái)決定。$2.對(duì)于文章想表達(dá)寓意的升華（楊浦 13 年一模） Daniel Olin was 11 years old when his parents moved to Canada. He liked his new school and made friends there, but then things at home started to change. His mum and dad began to argue and the arguments got w

14、orse and worse until one day, Daniel's mum left. With his father working long hours, Daniel felt very lonely and very unhappy. He wanted to escape, to run away. And that's what he did.Very early one terribly cold morning when the snow was deep on the ground, he packed a bag with some clothes

15、, some chocolate and a map of Canada and set off to a forest. He ran and ran until he could hardly breathe. His feet were heavy with the snow but he still walked on through deep snow, not even watching where he was going.Then, disaster struck. A rock hidden by the deep snow caught his feet and Danie

16、l fell to the ground. He had broken the bone. He was very cold and was starting to feel tired, but he knew that if he fell asleep in the snow, he would certainly die from the cold.A tree shook ahead. From within the branches （樹(shù)枝）,a pair of yellow eyes watched Daniel. The puma had been following him.

17、 A puma is a large wild cat with claws that could tear Daniel into pieces. But instead of moving in for the kill, the puma walked up to Daniel and lay across his chest, arms and legs. Daniel was too frightened to move, but soon the warmth of the animal reached Daniel and he began to feel better. Fro

18、m time to time, the puma pressed his muzzle （口鼻）against Daniel and rocked his head gently. Clearly, the puma knew that Daniel must not fall asleep. This animal should have been a real danger to Daniel and yet the boy began to feel safe.They remained like that for several hours until Daniel and the p

19、uma heard voices. The rescue （援救）team had found them.79. What is the best title for the story?A） Puma in dangerB） A caring pumaC） Rescue of a boyD） A homeless boy9假設(shè)法：如果拿到任意一個(gè)標(biāo)題，你會(huì)怎么寫呢?A:B:C:D:批注：很多學(xué)生會(huì)誤選 C,可是讓學(xué)生去假設(shè)，如果他接到一個(gè)標(biāo)題是rescue of a boy的文章會(huì)怎么寫呢？ 一定寫的是怎么樣去營(yíng)救，最后男孩如何獲救的過(guò)程。而本篇文章目的是為了要讀者去體會(huì)到寓意，是人與動(dòng)物之

20、間的感情， 動(dòng)物對(duì)人的關(guān)懷，所以在選標(biāo)題時(shí)，要注意，如果沒(méi)有合乎文章內(nèi)容概括的選項(xiàng)，我們就要注意體會(huì)文章所表達(dá)的寓 意，再去選擇正確的答案。本題答案 BI、從文章中可知（ What's the main idea of the passage?）（13 年嘉定一模） Shopping used to mean actually going to shops, but nowadays, you can shop without even leaving your house. Just sit in front of your computer, click your mouse an

21、d your things will be sent to your house in a couple of days.November 11th is a big day for people who like shopping online. On that day last year, many online stores offered a big discount and free delivery service. The biggest online shopping sites in China, T. and T., sold things worth 19.1 billi

22、on yuan in total.“Goods online are often much cheaper. It also saves me a lot of time. And we often have moregoods on many online stores than in shopping malls, “ Wang Xin, an online shopping lover in Beijing, said to China Daily. She stayed up very late for a lot of cheap goods online. She spent se

23、veral thousand on what she bought that day.Another big advantage of online shopping is that it helps people get things from different cities, even different countries, with ease （輕松地）."I like eating duck neck verymuch and I often buy it on Taobao from shops in Wuhan. Itmuch more delicious than

24、what our local （當(dāng)?shù)氐模﹕tores sell, but cheaper, “ said Zang Xin, a girl in Yangzhou.While enjoying online shopping, many people also have worries, especially for middle school student buyers. Young students are easily attracted by advertisements on the Internet and buy things they don' t“Middle sc

25、hool students should pay more attention to their study. Searching for things wastes their time,Chunling, an education expert."In addition, online shop owners have no idea of the ages of their buyers. Anyoeasily buy things that they want to. Some of goods are even bad for young students such as

26、cigarettes and wine.ne cai79. The article is mainly about.A. how to buy good products online.B. how to find good online stores.C. advantages and disadvantages of online shopping. D. dangers of shopping online for students.批注：和選title不同的是，相對(duì)于 title的短小精煉來(lái)說(shuō)，main idea通常是一個(gè)句子，如果出現(xiàn)the article is mainlyabou

27、t 問(wèn)的內(nèi)容一定是文章中已經(jīng)交待過(guò)的，而且能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)，不能選某一段的內(nèi)容，或者寓意升華的內(nèi)容。答案：C承也 II、從文章中可知（What do you know about the passage/the XXX paragraph?）（松江區(qū) 13 年一模）They crossed in front of me as I was driving out of the store parking lot. I would be delayed for a whole ten seconds. However, I realized that it was an elderly

28、couple. No more anger.The man leaned on his wife who walked in front of him. He not only used her for support but it was obvious that he was blind. She was his eyes as well. The two of them worked as one - each needing the other to function （起作用）in this fast-changing world.That little example of tru

29、e strength that day changed my whole personal perception of life. Suddenly I wasn 't so mad about having to work a few extra hours on Saturday. I had my strength, and I was still relatively young.That picture of those two elderly people walking with dignity (尊嚴(yán)、自尊)and strength stayed with me the

30、 entire week. My life wasn 't so bad after all. I had my health and a good job. My wife always gave me good advice whenever I needed it. I started to think - not only was I lucky to have it all, but so was that wonderful old couple, who, despite the trials and sufferings of a long life, still ha

31、d the love and support of each other to carry them through this world.There are so many people out there just like that couple. My wife and I sometimes picture ourselves in our old age, walking arm-in-arm into the sunset. That image always gives us a warm feeling of comfort. Just remember, none of u

32、s would be here if it wasn't for our elders. We should spend an extra minute to listen and learn when it comes to helping our elder friends. They need it.77. From the fourth paragraph, we can learn that.A) the writer once decided to change his jobB) the writer's wife gave him lots of support

33、C) old people are more likely to get impatient with othersD) it is a bad thing to live a long life full of hardships79. What do we know about the writer according to the passage?A) He and his wife are in their old age.C) His life is very bad actually.B) He has a good but busy job.D) He and his wife

34、often walk arm-in-arm.批注:(1)(2)(3)Andrew Engel was puzzled. He was sitting in class, but had no idea what the other students were talking about. He had done his homework, paid attention to lectures, and taken notes, but nothing wasfamiliar.Everyone is so mueverer than I am, “he thought. It was a str

35、ange feeling, as he waalways a good student in high school.He felt even more puzzled a few days later. He got lost on his way to his favourite cinema. What' s worse, he began having trouble finding the right words when speaking. He asked,aVhat答案：BBWhat do you know about/learn aboutWhat does the

36、passage imply?What does the writer want to tell us?這三種提問(wèn)方法，都是對(duì)文章內(nèi)容和寓意的提問(wèn)，所不同的是，是對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的深入理解，不能只回答文章交代的東選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了 "This story may happen in西，一定要在此基礎(chǔ)上有所分析。就比如：如果文章介紹說(shuō)一個(gè)袋鼠的故事,Australia. ”這樣的選項(xiàng)就是一個(gè)分析后的結(jié)論，因?yàn)橹挥邪拇罄麃営写?。（建議5-10分鐘）dinner, Mom?” after he had just eaten. Poor Andrew, he was only 15!His parent

37、s were worried and took Andrew to see a doctor. A brain scan (掃描)made it clear: Andrew had amalignant brain tumor （惡性腦腫瘤）.It was pressing on the part of the brain that makes new memory. He should be operated on as soon as possible. Andrew wasscared!Doctors removed the tumor, but Andrew' s memory

38、 was stilwpoiotoldeie would probably never go back toschool. Andrew was eagerto enter a university, but it seemed that his dream wouldn' t come true.I wa“Even though they told me this, I knew I wanted to go back to school,“ Andrew said.back.”Andrew began by auditing （旁聽(tīng)）an English class at a nea

39、rby school. In class, he took notes carefully and read his notes several times a day, then typed them again and again. He studied twelve hours a day, seven days a week. He worke ten times harder than other students. In 2007, at age 29, he graduated from a local university. Six months later, Andrew f

40、ound a job.80. Which of the following is the best title of the article?A） A man with an amazing brainB） An unusual story of memory lost and foundC） How to improve your memoryD） Never lose your memoryDo you have a mobile phone? Do you send text messages to your friends and family?Text messaging or te

41、xting 'is becoming very popular. But, scientists have discovered that texting can give us problems with our hands. Be careful! Too much texting can cause swelling （腫 脹）in our thumbs and wrists. Our thumbs are not made for pushing small buttons, over and over. Scientists call this problem RSI.We

42、spoke to a doctor called Harriet Wilson, who treats many patients with RSI. She said we needed to see how much time we were spending in typing text messages. If we are spending more than 10-15 minutes at once, we could have problems in the future.hadWe also talked with Dr Harjeet Deepa who treats RS

43、I patients. He told us that the youngest patient she had treated was a five-year-old girl. She wasn ' t doing well at school, so her parents took her for treatment. It was found that she such bad RSI in her hands, she couldn' t hold a pencil.As mobile phones develop, they are getting smaller

44、 with buttons closer together. Texting with a smaller phone is worse than using a larger phone with bigger buttons. Using a computer keyboard and playing video games can also cause the same problem. So, more and more people could find themselves with RSI.Many university students and teenagers have R

45、SI, as they do not know the risks （冒險(xiǎn)）of spending so much time using computers, video games and mobile phones. If we don 't do something about this, too many young people could grow up in terrible pain.79. From the passage we knowA） it is better to use a larger phone with bigger buttonsB） it is

46、worse to spend less time typing the text messagesC）川 never cause theRSID) university students who have RSI know it's dangerous to do too much texting.There! 1 have drawn the chairs into the right corners, and dusted the room nicely. How cold mum and daddy will be when they return from their long

47、 ride! It is not time to toast the bread yet, and I am tired of reading.What shall I do? Somehow, I can't help thinking about the pale face of that little beggar girl all the time. I can see the glad light filling her eyes, just as obvious as I did when I laid the dime ( 角硬幣 )in her little dirty hand.How much I had thought of that dime, too! Grandfather gave it to me a whole month ago, and I had kept it ever since in my red box upstairs; but those sugar app