必修五-unit1-詞匯

1、Unit1Word study 1(1)characteristic n. _(2)painter n. _(3)scientific adj. _ (4)conclude vt./vi. _(5)analyse vt. _特征特征, 特性特性畫(huà)家、油漆匠畫(huà)家、油漆匠(6)challenge n. _ vt. _挑戰(zhàn)挑戰(zhàn)向向挑戰(zhàn)挑戰(zhàn)paint, paintingchallenging adj. 挑戰(zhàn)性的挑戰(zhàn)性的challenged adj. 傷殘的傷殘的科學(xué)的科學(xué)的結(jié)束，推斷出結(jié)束，推斷出science, scientistconclusion n.分析分析analysis n.(7)enqu

2、iry n. _(8)severe adj. _(9)pollute vt. _ (10)announce vt. _詢(xún)問(wèn)詢(xún)問(wèn)嚴(yán)重的，劇烈的，嚴(yán)厲的嚴(yán)重的，劇烈的，嚴(yán)厲的污染，弄臟污染，弄臟(11)instruct vt. _(12)construct vt. _ (13)contribute vt./vi. _命令，指示，教導(dǎo)命令，指示，教導(dǎo)enquire v.severelypollution宣布，通告宣布，通告announcementannouncerinstructioninstructorinstructive建設(shè)，修建建設(shè)，修建constructionconstructor捐獻(xiàn)，貢

3、獻(xiàn)捐獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)contribution(14)positive adj. _(15)enthusiastic adj. _(16)cautious adj. _(17)reject vt. _(18)universe n. _ 積極的，肯定的積極的，肯定的熱情的熱情的小心的小心的; 謹(jǐn)慎的謹(jǐn)慎的negativecautiously adv.caution n.enthusiasm宇宙，世界宇宙，世界拒絕，不接受，拋棄拒絕，不接受，拋棄rejectionKey expressions1. characteristic2. put forward3. conclude4. defeat5. atte

4、nd6. expose7. cure8. absorb9. suspect10. blame11. link12. instruct13. contribute14. apart from15. be strict with16. make sense1.characteristicn. (人或物的人或物的)特點(diǎn)、特征特點(diǎn)、特征 (常用復(fù)數(shù)常用復(fù)數(shù))1.你能描述一下這些石刻的特征嗎？你能描述一下這些石刻的特征嗎？Can you describe the characteristics of these stone carvings?6character1.His best character

5、is honesty.2.Every country has its unique character.3.You can see many cartoon characters in Disneyland.4.Growing up in America, he doesnt know any Chinese character.(人的人的) 性格、品質(zhì)性格、品質(zhì)特性、特征特性、特征(小說(shuō)、戲劇等的小說(shuō)、戲劇等的)角色、人物角色、人物(漢漢)字，字體、字符字，字體、字符72. put forward 理解：說(shuō)出下列句中劃線(xiàn)部分的意思。理解：說(shuō)出下列句中劃線(xiàn)部分的意思。 Weve put the

6、 wedding forward by two weeks.(2) Put the clock forward by ten minutes.(3)Mr.Smith put forward a suggestion at the meeting。(4) Her name was put forward for the leading role in the play. 將將提前提前(advance) (advance) 把（時(shí)鐘）往前撥把（時(shí)鐘）往前撥 提出建議提出建議( )( )被推薦被推薦/提名提名提出；推薦、提名；提前提出；推薦、提名；提前come up with8詞匯拓展詞匯拓展: u

7、p down out off on up with aside away put記下記下=write down; 放下放下熄滅熄滅(燈燈);撲滅撲滅 (火火)推遲，延期，脫下推遲，延期，脫下舉起舉起; 建造建造; 張貼張貼 穿上穿上;假裝假裝忍受忍受儲(chǔ)蓄，放在一邊儲(chǔ)蓄，放在一邊9把把收起；放好收起；放好用適當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空(1)The plan that you put _ at the meeting is wonderful.(2)Many tall buildings were put _ along the road.(3)Firefighters have bee

8、n called to put _ the fire in the city centre.(4)He has a little money to put _ for a rainy day.(5)Dont put _ until tomorrow what can be done today.(6) My mother opened the drawer to put _ the knives and spoons.forwardupoutasideoff10awayconclude (sth.) from sth 從從中推斷出中推斷出conclude (from sth) that 推斷出

9、推斷出Its concluded that 結(jié)論是結(jié)論是conclude （sth）with sth. 以以結(jié)束某事結(jié)束某事conclude (sth )by doing sth 以以做某事結(jié)束（多指說(shuō)話(huà)）做某事結(jié)束（多指說(shuō)話(huà)）To conclude, +句子句子 總之總之 3.conclude v. 總結(jié)總結(jié) ，結(jié)束，推斷出結(jié)束，推斷出111. 他朗誦一首詩(shī)結(jié)束了他的演講。他朗誦一首詩(shī)結(jié)束了他的演講。2. What do you conclude from these facts.3. 醫(yī)生斷定病人患的是癌癥。醫(yī)生斷定病人患的是癌癥。4. To conclude/in conclusion,

10、 I wish you all good health and a long life.12n. 結(jié)論，結(jié)束結(jié)論，結(jié)束come to /reach / draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論得出結(jié)論 to conclude, +句子句子=in conclusion， +句子句子 總之，概括來(lái)說(shuō)總之，概括來(lái)說(shuō) conclusion 134.defeat 1.Our team defeated theirs in the game. 2. The result of your exams almost defeated me. 1.They have got six victories an

11、d two defeats.2. They finally had to admit defeat. 他們最后只得認(rèn)輸。他們最后只得認(rèn)輸。Vt.打敗，戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫打敗，戰(zhàn)勝；使受挫 n. 失敗失敗14辨析：辨析：defeat, beat, win, conquer這三個(gè)詞都有這三個(gè)詞都有“贏贏”的意思，但用法不盡相同。的意思，但用法不盡相同。(1)defeat/beat都可都可接接sb.作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ),其賓語(yǔ)通常是其賓語(yǔ)通常是 “人人/一個(gè)團(tuán)體一個(gè)團(tuán)體”，如如a team, a class, an army等。等。另外另外,defeat還可還可特指特指在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中“擊敗擊敗”敵軍或入敵軍或入

12、侵者。侵者。(2)win后后接接sth. 如如game, war, prize, respect等；等；(3)conquer _ “征服；克服征服；克服”語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)從心理上擊敗強(qiáng)調(diào)從心理上擊敗sb./sth.1516選詞填空選詞填空 defeat/beat/win/conquer1) The army _ in the last battle.2) Our team _ in the basketball match.3) The only way to _ fear is to face it.4) _ a scholarship gave Tom a chance to go

13、 to college. was defeated/beatenwas defeatedconquerWinning5.attend（1）You must attend to your work.（2）Attend carefully to what she is saying.（3）I didnt attend his wedding on Sunday because I was too busy.（4）He has some matters to attend to today.你必須專(zhuān)心于你的工作。你必須專(zhuān)心于你的工作。注意聽(tīng)她說(shuō)話(huà)。注意聽(tīng)她說(shuō)話(huà)。星期天我沒(méi)出席他的婚禮因?yàn)樘α恕Ｐ瞧?/p>

14、天我沒(méi)出席他的婚禮因?yàn)樘α恕Ｋ裉煊泻芏嗍虑橐幚?。他今天有很多事情要處理。attend a meeting 參加參加/出席會(huì)議出席會(huì)議attend school /church 上學(xué)上學(xué)/去教堂去教堂attend to sb/sth.專(zhuān)心專(zhuān)心,注意注意,仔細(xì)聽(tīng)仔細(xì)聽(tīng) 接待接待,處理處理,照料照料17參加參加18joinjoin in take part in attend May I _your discussion? He was ill so he didnt_ his classes. His brother_ the army two years ago. A lot of col

15、lege students _sports meeting last year. 加入（團(tuán)體，組織，參軍）加入（團(tuán)體，組織，參軍） 參加（某些小型活動(dòng)）參加（某些小型活動(dòng)） 參加參加( (會(huì)議，課程，婚禮），不會(huì)議，課程，婚禮），不在活動(dòng)中起作用在活動(dòng)中起作用參加（某些大型活動(dòng)）參加（某些大型活動(dòng)） join inattendjoinedtook part injoin sb. in sth./doing sth,19 1. The wolf opened its mouth to _ a set of sharp teeth. 2. Dont _ your skin_ the sun; yo

16、ur skin will be hurt.exposeexposeexposeexpose6to201.He exposed the plan to the newspapers.2. The film has been exposed.3. The more one is exposed to the English- speaking environment , the better he or she will learn the language. 他向幾家報(bào)紙透露了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。他向幾家報(bào)紙透露了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。這膠卷已經(jīng)曝光了。這膠卷已經(jīng)曝光了。21歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)expose sth. 暴

17、暴露露/揭露某事物；膠卷曝光揭露某事物；膠卷曝光expose sb to sth 使接觸使接觸/使暴露使暴露/使體驗(yàn)使體驗(yàn) =sb be exposed to sth 某人接觸某東西某人接觸某東西221.Its too bad that children are _ to films and news about crime and violence.2.We want to _ the kids to as much art and culture as possible.3. _ to strong sunlight for a long time does great harm to y

18、our skin.4. _ to so many advertisements, we cant help being persuaded to buy something we dont really need.Exercises(expose)exposedexposeBeing exposed23Exposed7.cure vt. 治愈治愈 cure sb. of + 疾病名稱(chēng)疾病名稱(chēng) 治愈某人治愈某人.（疾?。膊。?cure sb. of + 不良行為不良行為 矯正某人不良行為矯正某人不良行為1. Can this medicine cure me of my cold?2. He

19、 was cured of his habit of drinking.n. 治愈，治療方法治愈，治療方法a cure for sth.治療治療的方法的方法Is there a certain cure for cancer yet?treat sb. for sth.24這藥能治好我的感冒嗎？這藥能治好我的感冒嗎？ 他已經(jīng)改掉了喝酒的壞習(xí)慣。他已經(jīng)改掉了喝酒的壞習(xí)慣。與與cure sb.of sth.結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有_sb.of sth. 使使某人某人想起想起某事某事_sb.of sth. 搶搶了某人某物了某人某物_sb.of sth. 通知通知某人某事某人某事_sb.o

20、f sth. 警告警告某人某事某人某事_sb.of sth. 使使某人某人擺脫擺脫某事某事_sb. of sth. 使使某人某人信服信服.remindrob inform warn rid convince 258. absorb: vt 吸收；吸引；使專(zhuān)心吸收；吸引；使專(zhuān)心absorb ones attention: 吸引某人的注意吸引某人的注意absorb oneself in sth=be absorbed in sth 全神貫注于全神貫注于Black walls _ a lot of heat during the day.The cream is easily _ into the

21、skin._(專(zhuān)心于工作)his work, Tom simply forgot food and sleep.absorbabsorbedAbsorbed in Absorbing himself in 261.When I entered，he was absorbed to reading (改錯(cuò)）改錯(cuò)）2. 我們可以我們可以從從外國(guó)語(yǔ)言外國(guó)語(yǔ)言中吸收中吸收我們需要的東西。我們需要的東西。 We can_from foreign languages.absorb what we needExercisesin27我們不相信他們的誠(chéng)實(shí)。我們不相信他們的誠(chéng)實(shí)。 We suspected th

22、em of their honesty.老虎覺(jué)察到危險(xiǎn)，逃跑了。老虎覺(jué)察到危險(xiǎn)，逃跑了。 The tiger suspected danger and ran away.suspect sb.of (doing) sth懷疑某人某事懷疑某人某事suspect sb.to be 懷疑某人是懷疑某人是suspect that懷疑懷疑9. suspect vt. 懷疑，覺(jué)察懷疑，覺(jué)察28用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 (1) I suspect him _ (be) the spy. (2) What made you suspect her _ h

23、aving taken the money?ofto be2910. blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)責(zé)備；譴責(zé); n. 過(guò)失；責(zé)備過(guò)失；責(zé)備 sb be to blame (for sth.) （不能用被動(dòng)）（不能用被動(dòng)） 某人應(yīng)某人應(yīng)(為某事為某事)承擔(dān)責(zé)任承擔(dān)責(zé)任/受責(zé)備受責(zé)備, 埋怨某人埋怨某人blame sb. for (doing) sth.為某事責(zé)備某為某事責(zé)備某 blame sth. on sb. 把把歸咎于某人歸咎于某人 put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事的責(zé)任推到某人身上把某事的責(zé)任推到某人身上She blamed him for the f

24、ailure of their marriage.30=She blamed the failure of their marriage on him.=She put/laid the blame for the failure of their marriage on him.運(yùn)用：用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空或完成句子。運(yùn)用：用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空或完成句子。 我不責(zé)怪你，我責(zé)怪我自己。我不責(zé)怪你，我責(zé)怪我自己。 I do not blame you，but I _. 那次事故怪不得孩子們。那次事故怪不得孩子們。 The children were not_ the accident. The manager

25、 blamed him _ his carelessness at work.I feel it is your husband who is to be blamed for the spoiled child.（改錯(cuò)）（改錯(cuò)）blame myselfto blame for for3111. link .to. 把把和和連接連接/聯(lián)系起來(lái)聯(lián)系起來(lái) 這淺淺的海峽把大陸和臺(tái)灣聯(lián)系起來(lái)。這淺淺的海峽把大陸和臺(tái)灣聯(lián)系起來(lái)。 The shallow strait_ the mainland. links Taiwan tobe linked to與與連在一起連在一起32connect _ combi

26、ne_ unite_ join_to/withwithtowithResearchers have concluded a link between smoking and heart disease.n.3312. instruct: vt 命令；指示；教導(dǎo)命令；指示；教導(dǎo)instruct sb to do sth: 命令某人做某事命令某人做某事instruct sb in sth: 給某人講授某事給某人講授某事as instructed: 按照指示那樣按照指示那樣1. 他命令我三天內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。他命令我三天內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。2. My job is to instruct her _ En

27、glish.3. 按照指示那樣，我們收集了足夠多的證據(jù)。按照指示那樣，我們收集了足夠多的證據(jù)。He instructed me to finish the task in three days.inWeve collected enough evidence as instructed.instruction n. 指導(dǎo)；說(shuō)明書(shū)指導(dǎo)；說(shuō)明書(shū)(復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù))34 Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A reporter wrote a story ab

28、out this and contributed it to a newspaper.contributeto:向向捐贈(zèng)；給捐贈(zèng)；給提供（忠告提供（忠告/建議）；建議）；投稿投稿contribute to sth: 有助于；促進(jìn)某事物；導(dǎo)致有助于；促進(jìn)某事物；導(dǎo)致13. contribute:捐獻(xiàn)捐獻(xiàn); 貢獻(xiàn)；捐助貢獻(xiàn)；捐助35 contribution n. 貢獻(xiàn)貢獻(xiàn)make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth. 對(duì)對(duì)作出貢獻(xiàn)作出貢獻(xiàn)這些改革對(duì)于我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)這些改革對(duì)于我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。These reforms

29、_ the development of the economy of our country. made a great contribution to contributor n. 撰稿人；捐助人；促成物撰稿人；捐助人；促成物36運(yùn)用：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英語(yǔ)句子。運(yùn)用：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英語(yǔ)句子。1. 他主動(dòng)向紅十字會(huì)捐款。他主動(dòng)向紅十字會(huì)捐款。He offered to _ the Red Cross. 2. 我相信新鮮的空氣有助于健康。我相信新鮮的空氣有助于健康。 Im sure fresh air_ good health3.他對(duì)項(xiàng)目的全面成功做出了非常積極的貢獻(xiàn)。他對(duì)項(xiàng)目的全面成功做出

30、了非常積極的貢獻(xiàn)。He_ the overall success of the project. contributes tocontribute money tomade a very positive contribution to3714. apart from 此外；除此外；除之外之外1.Traveling abroad took me a lot of time apart from money.到國(guó)外旅行到國(guó)外旅行除了除了花了我很多錢(qián)，花了我很多錢(qián)， 還花了我很多時(shí)間。還花了我很多時(shí)間。2.Apart from them, I had no one to talk with.除了除

31、了他們，我沒(méi)有可以談話(huà)的人了。他們，我沒(méi)有可以談話(huà)的人了。=besides/as well as/ in addition to=except3.Apart from some spelling mistakes, your composition is a good one.除了除了一些拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤外，你的作文不錯(cuò)。一些拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤外，你的作文不錯(cuò)。=except for38用法：用法：apart from系短語(yǔ)介詞，含有兩方面系短語(yǔ)介詞，含有兩方面的意思的意思:1.除除之外（還有）之外（還有）=besides/in addition to/ as well as2.除除之外（沒(méi)有）之外（沒(méi)有）=

32、except ，except (for)391._being intelligent, he is also modest.2. Who else can answer this question _ Jack?3. He gets up early every day _ Sunday.4. This movie is perfect,_ the ending.exceptbesides ；except ；except forBesidesbesidesexcept for4015. be strict with sb.(in sth.) (在某方面在某方面)對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求運(yùn)用：用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。運(yùn)用：用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。 Our English teacher is very strict _ us and s