情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的講解及練習(xí)題

1、表推測(cè)時(shí)，英語(yǔ)中只使用must,may,might,may not和can't。這五個(gè)表達(dá)的語(yǔ) 氣依次遞減：must：一定（語(yǔ)氣肯定）may：也許（不很肯定）might：或許（比may語(yǔ)氣更弱）may not：也許不（表否定）can't： 一定不（must的反義）推測(cè)現(xiàn)在的事情用 must,may,might,may not 和 can' t+do 或 be must be at home now.The boy may play now.推測(cè)過(guò)去的事情用 must,may, might, may not 和 can' t+have clonemight hav

2、e been ill yesterday.He must have hold the party.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must, can, could, may, might表推測(cè)的用法情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的must, can, could, may, might都表推測(cè)。其中must的可能性最 大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具體用法如下： 的用法（1）表示推測(cè)“可能性”時(shí)，意思是“一定、準(zhǔn)是”，語(yǔ)氣較肯定，較有把握。 He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他準(zhǔn)是個(gè)美國(guó) 人。（2） must表推測(cè)只能用于肯定

3、句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思時(shí)， 應(yīng)用can' t,如詢問(wèn)某種可能時(shí)，應(yīng)用can。He must know my address.他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）He can' t know my address.他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Can he know my address他知道我的地址嗎（詢問(wèn)可能性）（3） must表示推測(cè)時(shí)，可以推測(cè)現(xiàn)在/正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作/過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。He must have a car now.（現(xiàn)在）他一定有輛小汽車。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在進(jìn)行）他一

4、定在教 室里做練習(xí)。He must have finished the work.（過(guò)去發(fā)生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must表示推測(cè)時(shí)很少用于將來(lái)的情況。一般不用He must come tomorrow. 可用 It s certain /I'm sure that he will come tomorrow.（4）在反意疑問(wèn)句中，當(dāng)附屬部分含有表示推測(cè)意義的must時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的助 動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與must后面的動(dòng)詞在非推測(cè)情況下的用法保持一致。He must be a worker, isn' t he （現(xiàn)在）他準(zhǔn)是個(gè)工人，是嗎It must have rained last

5、 night, didn' t it （過(guò)去）昨晚一定下雨了，是 不是You must have learned English for many years, haven* t you （完成時(shí)） 你一定學(xué)了好多年英語(yǔ)，是嗎/ could的用法（l）can表示推測(cè)“可能性”時(shí)，往往用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。Can' t “一定不”， 語(yǔ)氣很肯定。can在疑問(wèn)句中意思是“會(huì)、可能”。用于肯定句時(shí)，表示理論上 的，潛在的可能性（有傾向，實(shí)際上未必會(huì)發(fā)生或者不涉及實(shí)際是否發(fā)生）往往 與 sometimes 或者 someone 有關(guān)。Accidents can happen.He can

6、, t be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不 在家。（2） can/can' t后可接進(jìn)行時(shí)/完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)。They can, t be reading in the library.他們一定不在圖書館讀書。He can' t have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago.他不可能去了上海，我剛才還看見(jiàn)他。It * s so late. Where can she have gone 天晚了，她可能去哪兒了呢（3

7、）在反意疑問(wèn)句中，當(dāng)陳述部分含有表示推測(cè)意義的can' t時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的 助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與can' t后面的動(dòng)詞在非推測(cè)情況下的用法保持一致.He can' t be a teacher, is he 他不是教師，是嗎She can' t have finished her homework, has she 她一定沒(méi)有完成家庭作業(yè)， 是不是could可用于表示某事有可能發(fā)生表示可能性不大的推測(cè)。意思相當(dāng)于 may/mightDon' t eat it. It could be poisonous.不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be de

8、layed by fog.飛機(jī)可能會(huì)因?yàn)殪F晚點(diǎn)。（5） could還可以用于表示客氣、委婉、禮貌的請(qǐng)求語(yǔ)氣。Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus stationCould you help me（6） couldn' t表示否定推測(cè)，表示某事不可能真實(shí)，或由于特定事實(shí)或環(huán)境 某事肯定不會(huì)發(fā)生。It couldnt t possibly be poison.這不可能是毒藥。表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事推測(cè)，常常和have done連用He was not at home last night . He could/ might have g

9、one to movies. I didn't see her at the meeting yesterday； she couldn't have spoken at the meeting.3. may和might的用法（1）may, might表示推測(cè)“可能性”時(shí)，意思是“可能”、“也許”，語(yǔ)氣沒(méi) 有must肯定。He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American. 他可能是個(gè)美國(guó)人。注：might不表示過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，只是語(yǔ)氣上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。（2） may, might表推測(cè)時(shí)

10、，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也許不”，但 不用于疑問(wèn)句。He may / might not be at home.他也許不在家<>（3） may, might可以推測(cè)現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 He may / might be sleeping now.（現(xiàn)在）他可能正在睡覺(jué)。 The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （現(xiàn)在） 這個(gè)男孩可能沒(méi)在家看電視These students may / might have seen the film before.（過(guò)去） 這些學(xué)生以前可能看過(guò)這部電影。（4） ma

11、y, might還可以推測(cè)將來(lái)的情況。I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain.我想我們應(yīng)該帶上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this afternoon,她今天下午可能不來(lái) 一、單項(xiàng)選擇1 John come to see us tonight, butA. may 2 John isn, with Bob.A. can 3 ThatB. needC. can" tin the classroom. Hehe isn't very sure yet.D. mustplay socce

12、r on the playgroundB. mustC. shouldnot be her husband . SheD. can' tis still single.A. may4 You goA. canC. couldD. mightand see a doctor at once because you got a fever.B. mustC. dareD. would5 -Can you speak Japanese -No, IA. mustn't6 -He be in一No, he be can； may notB. can'tC. needn'

13、tD. may notthe classroom, I think.in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.B. must； may not C. may； can tD. may； mustn t7 -Is Lena一No, sheswimming in the poolswim. She is terrified of water.A. may not8 He isn'tB. must not C.at school.I think hecan tD. needn'tbe ill.A. canB. shallC. m

14、ustD. might9 -Whatdo you thinkupsetmeansI' mnot sure.ItmeanmayB. mustC.canD. should10 The childrenPlayfootbal1 on the road.can tC. mustn'tB.D.canmustroad is wetA must rainlast night.B must have rainedC could haverained D can have rained12 .Heyou moreA might have givenhelp , even though he wa

15、s busy . B might not giveC may not havegivenD maygive1. Look! TheA. must golightisout inB. had to goher room. Shehave gone2. We had a wonderful time yesterday. Youto bed already.gone.Why didn't you comeA. had to come have come have come have comeme as well.ItA. can't be have been3. There wer

16、e already five people in the car but they managed to takea comfortable journey.so much fried chickenB. shouldn11 be C. mustnrt have been D. couldn'tjust now.A. shouldn, t cutC. shouldn, t have eatenB. mustn, t have eatenD. mustnt t eatA. couldn't have attendedC. mustn't have attendedrB.D

17、.needn* t have attended shoulcln* t have attendedI5. I was really anxious aboutyou.Youhome withoutA. mustn't leaveB.Shouldn* t have leftC. Couldn't have leftD.needn* t leave6. Oh, I' m not feeling well in the stomach, Ia word.4. My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,

18、 so he your lecture.7. at 8：30 for the meeting, but he didn' t' show up.A. should have arrivedB. should arriveC. should have had arrivedD. should be arriving8. Yoube tired - you've only been working for an hour.A. must not B. won' tC. can* tD. may not9. - Isn' t that Ann's hu

19、sband over there- No, it be him -I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.A. can tB. must notC. won'tD. may not10. There be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A . mustn, tB. shan, tC. shouldn' t，t11. I was on the highway when this

20、car went past followed by a police car. They at lease 150 km an hour.A. should have been doingB. must have been doingC. could have doneD. would have done12. He have completed his work； otherwise, he wouldn" t be enjoyinghimself by the seaside.A. should B. must C. wouldn" t D. can' t13. The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for13 years before she Oh, dear! She a lot of difficulties!A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone througha lot of sugar in it.14. This ca