牛津高中英語模塊八unit3

1、Unit 3 The world of colours and light1 .aroundaround prep. 在周圍adv.至U處； 在周圍(1)around 用作介詞，可表示“在周圍”、“圍繞”、“在那邊”、 “到處”、”在附近”、“大約”、“關(guān)于”等，其短語可修飾動態(tài)動詞和靜態(tài)動詞。例：The ship sailed around the world. 這條船繞世界航行了一周。There is a bookstore around the corner. 在拐角出有一家書店。(2)around 用作副詞， 可修飾動態(tài)動詞和靜態(tài)動詞， 常位于所修飾的動詞之后，有時也可用作表語。例：I

2、 travelled around for a few years. 這幾年我到處旅行。What are you all sitting around for? 你們都坐在這兒干什么？I ll see if he is around. 我要看一看他是否在附近。習(xí)慣用語all around 四處，到處hang around 在附近徘徊show sb around 帶領(lǐng) sb 參觀get around ( 消息，謠言)傳開來2 . rather thanRather than 是并列連詞，意為“而不是”、“寧可”或“情愿”，可連續(xù)各種并列成分，表示前面的是肯定的，后面的是否定的。例：Rather

3、than being criticized,he should be praised.他就是不該挨批，而是應(yīng)該受到表揚嘛。(辨異)rather than,other than 與 would rather( than)rather than通常譯為“而不是”或“與其說是不如說是"，有時可用短 語介詞 instead of 代替。例： He was engaged in writing a letter rather than(=instead of)reading the newspaper. 他那時是在寫信而不是在看報紙。other than 有兩種意思：一是用來表示否定的意義，即

4、“不同于”。等于different from ，或“非”，等于not ；二是用來表示排除意義，即“除了”，相當(dāng)于 except 。例：The truth is quite other than what you think.事實真相和你們想的完全不一樣。would rather 意為“寧愿”或“寧可”would/had rather than ,表示“寧愿也不”的意思。例：My aunt invited me to the movies,but I said I had rather go on a picnicwith the girls. 我的姑媽邀請我去看電影， 可是我倒愿意跟女孩子們一

5、起去野餐。I am sure they would/had rather die than give up. 我深信他們一定會寧死不屈。1. talentn. C or U (someone who has) a natural ability to be good at sth., especially without being taught:Her talent for music showed at an early age.His artistic talents were wasted in his boring job.U UK SLANG MAINLY HUMOROUS peo

6、ple who are sexually attractive:There was plenty of talent at the party last nighttalented adj. be talented ina talented footballer/pianist2. amazev. T to cause someone to be extremely surprised:+ question word I was amazed by how well he looked.You've done all your homework in an hour? You amaz

7、e me.+ that It amazes me that she's got the energy for all those parties.+ to infinitive It amazes me to think that Anna is now in charge of the company.It amazes me how you can put up with living in such a dirty house.It never ceases to amaze me how he can talk for so long without ever saying a

8、nything interesting.amazedadj. extremely surprised:She was amazed at how calm she felt after the accident.I was absolutely amazed when I heard he'd been promoted.+ to infinitive Mr Graham was amazed to find 46 ancient gold coins inside the pot.I was amazed to hear that Chris had won first prize.

9、We were amazed to discover that we'd been at school together.+ (that) I'm amazed (that) she didn't complain.amazementn. U extreme surprise:She stared in amazement.To my amazement, he ate the whole lot.amazingadj. extremely surprising:This stain remover really works it's amazing!The n

10、ew theatre is going to cost an amazing (= very large) amount of money.APPROVING This wine is really amazing (= very good).It's amazing to think that the managing director is only 23.It's amazing that no one else has applied for the job.The amazing thing is that it was kept secret for so long

11、.What an amazing coincidence!amazinglyadv.The food was amazingly good.Amazingly enough (= Very surprisingly), no one else has applied for the job.3. representv. T 1) to speak, act or be present officially for another person or people: They chose a famous barrister to represent them in court.Union of

12、ficials representing the teachers met the government today.Women were well/poorly represented at the conference (= there were many/few present).2) to show or describe sth. or someone:+ ing form of verb The statue represents St George killing the dragon.This new report represents the current situatio

13、n in our schools.He represents himself as an expert, but he knows nothing.3) to be a sign or symbol of sth.:In this dictionary the word 'noun' is represented by the letter n.To many people the Queen represents the former glory of Britain. representationn. UCan he afford legal representation?

14、representativen. C someone who speaks or does sth. officially for another person or group of people:The firm has two representatives in every European city.US someone who has been elected to the US House of Representatives adj.a representative system of government4. calculatev. T to judge the number

15、 or amount of sth. by using the informationthat you already have, and adding, multiplying, subtracting or dividing numbers:The cost of the damage caused by the recent storms has been calculated as/at over£ 5 million.The new tax system would be calculated on the value of property owned by an ind

16、ividual.+ question word At some stage we need to calculate when the project will be finished.+ that He's calculated that it would take him two years to save up enough for a car.calculationn. C or UThe calculations that you did/made contained a few inaccuracies. calculatorn. C a small electronic

17、device which is used for doing calculations:a pocket calculatorso that 如此以致于高考鏈接So difficult it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well. （2001 上海）B. have I feltC. I did feelD. did I feelA. I have felt答案：D5. rangen. C 1) a set of similar things:I offered her a r

18、ange of options.There is a wide/whole range of opinions on this issue.2) (US ALSO line) the goods made by one company or goods of one particular type that are sold in a shop:We stock the full range of model railway accessories.This jacket is part of our autumn/spring range.3) a group of hills or mou

19、ntains:a mountain rangethe Pennine RangeWe could see a low range of hills in the distance.4) all the musical notes that a singer can sing or a musical instrumentis able to producen. S 1) the amount, number or type of sth. between an upper and alower limit:The price range is from $100 to $500.The pro

20、duct is aimed at young people in the 18 - 25 age range.The coat was in/out of my price range.This type of work is outside/beyond/out of my range (of experience).2) S the period of time in the future within which sth. is planned orexpected to happen:long-range plans short-/medium-/long-range weather

21、forecasting3) S the distance that a vehicle or aircraft can travel without having tostop for more fuel:short-/medium-/long-range airlinersn. S or U the distance within which you can see, hear or hit someone:The ship was in/out of range of our guns.He was shot at point blank/at close range (= from ve

22、ry near).v. I usually + adv. or prep.Dress sizes range from petite to extra large.Prices range between $50 and $250.6. floatv. I to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink:An empty bottle will float.You can float very easily in/on the Dead Sea because it's so salty.I or T; usually + adv. or

23、 prep. to (cause to) move easily through, or along the surface of a liquid, or to (cause to) move easily through air: We spent a lazy afternoon floating down/along the river.He tossed the bottle into the waves and watched it float out to sea.The children enjoy floating their boats on the pond in the

24、 park.Fluffy white clouds were floating across the sky.FIGURATIVE The sound of piano playing floated out through the open window.I usually + adv. or prep. LITERARY to move gracefully:She sort of floats around, like a ballet dancer.I usually + adv. or prep. to move or act without purpose:Since he los

25、t his job, he's just floated around/about doing nothing.7. distributev. T to give sth. out to several people, or to spread or supply sth.:The books will be distributed free to local schools.Several people were arrested for distributing racist leaflets/pamphlets (to the spectators).The company ai

26、ms eventually to distribute (= supply for sale) its products throughout the European Union.distributionn. C or UWe must find a way of achieving a more equitable distribution (= sharing) of resources/wealth.Has the Channel Tunnel improved the distribution (= supplying for sale)of goods between the Br

27、itish Isles and mainland Europe? an unfair distribution of wealthdistribution costs8 negotiatev. I or T to have formal discussions with someone in order to reach anagreement with them:The government has refused to negotiate with the strikers.I'm negotiating for a new contract.I've managed to

28、 negotiate (= obtain by discussion) a five per cent pay increase with my boss.negotiationn. C or U the process of discussing sth. with someone in order to reach an agreement with them, or the discussions themselves:The agreement was reached after a series of difficult negotiations.The exact details

29、of the agreement are still under negotiation.Negotiation for the pay increase is likely to take several weeks.9. adorev. T not continuous 1) FORMAL to worship:Let us adore God for all his works.2) to love someone very much, especially in an admiring or respectful way, or to like sth. very much:She h

30、as one son and she adores him.I absolutely adore chocolate.+ ing form of verb Don't you just adore lying in a hot bath? adorationn. U very strong love for someone:her complete adoration of her brotheradoring adj. showing very strong love for someone:I refuse to play the part of the adoring wife.

31、10. subjectiveadj. 1) influenced by or based on personal beliefs or feelings, rather than based on facts:I think my husband is the most handsomeman in the world, but Irealize my judgment is rather subjective.More specific and less subjective criteria should be used in selectingpeople for promotion w

32、ithin the company.The opposite: objective (FAIR OR REAL)adj. based on real facts and not influenced by personal beliefs or feelings:an objective and impartial reportI can't really be objective when I'm judging my daughter's work.subjectivelyadv.subjectivityn. UThere's always an eleme

33、nt of subjectivity in decision-making.11. appetiten. C or U a desire for food:All that walking has given me an appetite.I won't have any chocolate, thanks. It will spoil (= reduce) my appetite.I haven't got much of an appetite (= I am not hungry).The children all have healthy/good appetites

34、(= they eat a lot).Both viruses cause fever and loss of appetite.n. C a strong desire or need:her appetite for adventureI've read an excerpt of the book on the Web and it's whetted my appetite(= increased my interest in it).12. admirev. T to respect and approve of someone or their behavior,

35、or to findsomeone or sth. attractive and pleasant to look at:I admired him for his determination.I really admire people who can work in such difficult conditions.We stood for a few moments, admiring the view.I was just admiring your jacket, Delia.admirableadj. deserving respect or approval:I think y

36、ou showed admirable tact/restraint/self-control in your answer.The police did an admirable job in keeping the fans calm.adv.I think she coped admirably (= very well) with a very difficult situation.admirationn. U when you admire someone or sth.:My admiration for that woman grows daily.She gazed in a

37、dmiration at his broad, muscular shoulders. admirern. C someone who finds someone else sexually attractive, or someonewho admires someone or sth.:She's got plenty of admirers.She's got a secret admirer who keeps sending her gifts.The policy has few admirers (= few people like it).13. assista

38、ncen. U help:The company needs more financial assistance from the Government.A £ 1 billion investment would be of considerable assis tance to the railways.Can I be of any assistance, madam (= Can I help)?Teachers can't give pupils any assistance in e to sb.'s assistanceto help

39、someone13. abandon v. T to stop doing an activity before you have finished it:The match was abandoned at half-time because of the poor weather conditions.They had to abandon their attempt to climb the mountain.The party has now abandoned its policy of unilateral disarmament. abandonmentn. Uscratchv.

40、 I or T to cut or damage a surface or your skin slightly with or on sth. sharp or rough:We scratched the paintwork trying to get the bed into Martha's room.R Be careful not to scratch yourself on the roses.A few chickens were scratching about/around (= searching with their beaks) in the yard for

41、 grain.v. T 1) If you scratch sth. on or off a surface, you add it or remove it by scratching:People have been scratching their names on this rock for years.I'm afraid I scratched some paint off the door as I was getting out of the car.2) to rub your skin with your nails:He was scratching (at) h

42、is mosquito bites.Hannah scratched her head thoughtfully.v. I If an animal scratches, it rubs sth. with its claws: he wants to be let in.The dog's scratching at the doorn. 1) C a mark made by scratching:Her legs were covered in scratches and bruises after her walk through the forest.There was a

43、scratch on the CD.Amazingly, he survived the accident without a scratch (= without suffering any injuries at all).2) S when people or animals scratch themselves:That dog is having a good scratch. It must have fleas.from scratchfrom the beginning, without using anything that already exists:Ben built

44、the shed from scratch.1. What is the cost of your shirts here, sir ? It depends on which fashion you want to buy, and the prices from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.A. increases B. ranges C. reachesD. different2. Phillip, can you see something red in the distance on the water?A. flowingB. flying C. floa

45、tingD. wandering3. This book is rather , can you give me an interesting one?A. boredB. boringC. tiredD. uninterested4. Hurry up ! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate .Oh ! I thought they without me .A. wentB. are goingC. have goneD. had gone5. Hey, Wang Lin. Why did you get up so ea

46、rly this morning? I that the bell had rung.A. thinkB. thoughtC. was thinking D. had thought6. He is good at drawing .A. quiet thingsB. still objects C. still lifesD. still lives7. On the second day after her wedding, she sweets to all the students in the class.A. distributedB. providedC. boughtD. ga

47、ve away8. John has a special talent drawing.A. with B. in C. for D. of9. To my , I came first.A. amazeB. amazedC. amazing D. amazement10. am more thanto take you in my car.A.happyB. happierC. happily D. happiness11. I that we would arrive there at 6:00 p.m.A. countedB. figuredC. calculated D. evalua

48、te12. He devoted his life world peace.A. to promote B. to promotingC. promoting D. for promoting , went abroad ten years ago.13. Her son, to whom she was soA. lovedB. caredC. devotedD. affected14. We negotiated the school master the tuition increase.A. on; with B. with; of C. with; aboutD. with; to1

49、5. Tom adores classic novels and dreams a writer.A. reading; beingB. to read; of beingC. reading; of beingD. to read; being1-5 BCBDB 6-10 CACDA 11-15 CBCCCWord Power1. require: verb TPlease telephone this number if you require any further information.如果你需要進一步的信息，請撥打這個號碼。Bringing up children often re

50、quires you to put their needs first.撫養(yǎng)孩子通常要求你把他們的需要放在第一位。requirement noun Cmeet the requirements of 滿足的要求2. secret: noun(1) C a piece of information that is onlyknown by one person or a few peopleand should not be told to others:A close couple should have no secrets from each other.一對親密的夫妻間應(yīng)該彼此沒有什么秘

51、密。(2) C a fact that is unknown about a subject: the secrets of the universe宇宙的奧秘3. draw: verb I or T drew, drawnDraw a line at the bottom of the page.在這一頁的底部劃一條線。The train slowly drew into the station.火車慢慢地駛進車站。4. addition: noun C or UIn addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a

52、castle in Scotland.他除了在倫敦的公寓外,在意大利還有一幢別墅,在蘇格蘭有一個城堡。add verb I or TIf you add (= calculate the total of) three and four you get seven.如果你把三和五加起來,就可以得到七。added adjectiveadditional adjectiveadditional costs/problems 額外的費用 / 問題1. can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. O

53、nly with hard workD. Now that he works hard2. , mother will wait for him to have dinner together.A. However late is heB. However he is lateC. However is he lateD. However late he is3. Not until all the fish died in the river, how serious the pollutionwas.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers

54、realizedC. the villagers did realizeD. didn t the villagers realize4. Not until I began to workhow much time I had wasted.A. did n t realizeB. did I realizeC. I d idn t realizeD. I realized5. Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother? I don t know, .A. nor don t I careB. nor do I careC. I don t care

55、neitherD. I don t crae also6. Only by practicing a few hours every day be able to waste muchtime.A. you can B. can you C. you will D. will you7. Not until the early years of the19th century what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knewC. didn t man knowD. did man know8. got into the room, the telephone ra

56、ng.A .He hardly; thenB. Hardly had he; whenC. He had not; thanD. Not had he; whenfor9. snacks and drinks ， but they also brought cardsentertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring10. I don t think I can walk any further. , Let s stop hereofr a rest.A. Neither can IB. Neither do IC. I didn t think soD. I think so11. Only in this way do it well.A. must we B. we could C. can weD. we c