五年級下冊英語知識講義句型專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練(下)湘少版(三起)

1、小學(xué)英語I句型專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練下I學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 掌握祈使句的含義和用法。2. 掌握there be 句型的含義和用法。重點(diǎn)：掌握祈使句以及there be句型的根本結(jié)構(gòu)。難點(diǎn)：能正確運(yùn)用祈使句以及there be句型表達(dá)自己的想法知識梳理一、祈使句一含義祈使句是用于表達(dá)命令、請求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句的動詞 都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末用句號或感慨號，讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。一般來講，祈使句的主語 要省略。Go and wash your han ds.去洗洗手。表達(dá)命令Please pass me the book.請把書遞給我。表達(dá)請求Don t be shy.不要害羞。表達(dá)勸告Mi nd the ste

2、ps. 留神臺階。表達(dá)警告No photos.禁止拍照。表達(dá)禁止Let s go shopping.我們?nèi)ベ徫锇伞１磉_(dá)提議二祈使句的構(gòu)成形式1. Do實(shí)義動詞+其他.Come in, please. 請進(jìn)。2. Be +形容詞或副詞.Be quick!快點(diǎn)！3. Let +賓語+動詞原形+其他.Let me do that.讓我做它吧。三祈使句的否認(rèn)句1. Don t +動詞原形/ Don t + be +形容詞或副詞.Don t go at the red traffic lights.不要闖紅燈。Don t be afraid.不要害怕。2. Don t + let +賓語+動詞原形+其他

3、./ Let + 賓語+not +動詞原形+其他.不要讓他單獨(dú)過馬路 不要讓他單獨(dú)過馬路。C. ComesDon t let him cross the street alone.Let him not cross the street alone.3. No +名詞/動詞的-ing形式.No parki ng! 禁止停車！No pets!禁止帶寵物！1. down! It s dangerous.A. ComeB. Coming答案：A思路分析： 本句是祈使句，故動詞用原形，應(yīng)選 A 項(xiàng)。2. late. You should hurry.A. BeB. Dont beC. Be not答案

4、： B思路分析： 根據(jù)后句“你應(yīng)當(dāng)快點(diǎn)。 可知前句句意為“不要遲到了。 應(yīng)選 B項(xiàng)。3. in class.A. No talkB. Not talkingC. No talking答案： C思路分析：瀏覽各選項(xiàng)可知是否認(rèn)句。動詞原形前不能加no,而是要加Don t ； no后加現(xiàn)在分詞形式表示否認(rèn)，應(yīng)選 C項(xiàng)。二、there be 句型 一 含義there be 句型表示某個(gè)地方存在某人或某物。句型中 be 動詞后面的名詞或 名詞詞組是主語， be 動詞依據(jù)主語的時(shí)態(tài)和單復(fù)數(shù)的變化而變化。There is a cat on the bed. 床上有只貓。There are forty stu

5、dents in my class.我班有 40 名學(xué)生。當(dāng)主語是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞時(shí)，謂語動詞的變化要根據(jù)最靠近 be 動詞 的名詞判斷，即：就近原那么。There is an orange and two apples in the basket.籃子里有一個(gè)橙子和兩個(gè)蘋果。There are two apples and an orange in the basket.籃子里有兩個(gè)蘋果和一個(gè)橙子。 二 there be句型的時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： There is/are + 名詞 / 名詞詞組 +地點(diǎn)狀語 .There is a piece of bread on the plate

6、.般過去時(shí)： There was/were +2.3. 語.There will be a lot of rain next week. 三 there be 句型的否認(rèn)式1. “There be +not + 名詞/ 名詞詞組 There isn t an apple in the basket. There aren t any apples on the t There isn t any water in the bottle.2. .There be no +名詞/ 名詞詞組 .There is no water in the bottle.There were two apples

7、 on the table般將來時(shí)：盤子上有一片面包。 名詞/名詞詞組 +地點(diǎn)狀語 . yesterday. 昨天桌子上有兩個(gè)蘋果。 名詞 +地點(diǎn)狀There will be/ There is/are going to be +There are no pens on the desk. 四 there be 句型的一般疑問句1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：下周會有頻繁降雨。，其中 not 后常跟 a/an/any ?；@子里沒有一個(gè)蘋果。ree. 這棵樹上沒什么蘋果。瓶子里沒有一點(diǎn)水。瓶子里沒有水。桌子上沒有鋼筆。Is/ Are/ Was/ Were there +名詞/ 名

8、詞詞組？簡略肯定答復(fù)為： Yes, there is/are/was/were. 簡略否認(rèn)答復(fù)為： No, there isn t/aren t/wasn t/weren t. Was there a meeting last night?昨天晚上有一場會議嗎？Yes, there was. 是的，有。2. 一般將來時(shí)的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)為：Will there be + 名詞/ 名詞詞組 ? 或 Is/ are there going to be +名詞 /名詞詞組 ?簡略肯定答復(fù)： Yes, there will. / there is/are.簡略否認(rèn)答復(fù)： No, there won t.

9、 / there isnt/aren t.Will there be a football match this afternoon?今天下午將有一場足球賽嗎？No, there won t. 不，沒有。 五 辨析： there be 和 have1. there be 句型表示“有，是存在關(guān)系。There are some books in the library.圖書館里有一些書。2. have 表示“有，是所有關(guān)系，主語大多是人。Lily has some books. 莉莉有一些書。3. 當(dāng)主語是學(xué)校、公司、組織等時(shí)， there be 句型可與 have 互換。 There are

10、800 students in our school.我們學(xué)校有 800 名學(xué)生。Our school has 800 students.我們學(xué)校有 800 名學(xué)生。1. There a ruler on the desk.A. isB. are C. be答案：A思路分析： 根據(jù)主語 a ruler 是單數(shù)，應(yīng)選 A 項(xiàng)。2. There many apples on the tree last year.A. wasB. areC. were答案： C思路分析： 根據(jù)主語 many apples 可知謂語用復(fù)數(shù)； last year 表示過去的 時(shí)間狀語，故用一般過去時(shí)，選 C 項(xiàng)。3.

11、There isn t milk in the bottle.A. someB. anyC. many答案： B思路分析：根據(jù)milk是不可數(shù)名詞，故排除 many因?yàn)樗揎椏蓴?shù)名詞； 根據(jù)isn t可知句子是否認(rèn)句，故用any，選B項(xiàng)。4. any flowers on the street?A. Are thereB. Is thereC. Have答案： A思路分析：句意為“街道上有一些花嗎？表示存在關(guān)系，故排除 C項(xiàng)的所 有關(guān)系；再據(jù)flowers是復(fù)數(shù)，故謂語動詞用are，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。同步練習(xí)答題時(shí)間： 15 分鐘)、單項(xiàng)選擇1. the window, please. Its col

12、d outside.A. Not closeB. CloseC. Don t close2. food in the library.A. NoB. NotC. Don t3. There a pencil-box and two books on the desk.A. is B. are C. will be4. There a film tomorrow evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. is5. any water in the glass?A. Has B. Are thereC. Is there、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1. Please te

13、ll her the news. (改為否認(rèn)句 )Please her the news.2. Don t eat in class. (改為同義句 )改為否認(rèn)句 )改為一般疑問句 ) in class.3. There are some beautiful plants in the park. ( There beautiful plants in the park.4. There were many lovely monkeys in the zoo. ( many lovely monkeys in the zoo?5. His class has fifteen Young Pio

14、neers. (改為同義句 ) fifteen Young Pioneers his class.三、閱讀短文，判斷正 (T) 和誤 (F) 。I am a Primary School student. In our school, there re three buildings. In the first building, there are someoffices and an Art room, a computer room, a Music room. In the second building and the third building, there are a lot

15、of reading rooms and some classrooms. Our classroom is on the fourth floor. There is a big playground and a football field in our school. Sometimes we play in the playground. This is our school. I like it very much.1. The writer is a Middle School student.2. There re three buildings in the writers s

16、chool.3. In the third building, therere a lot of reading rooms and someclassrooms.4. The writer s classroom is on the third floor.5. The writer likes the school very much.答案1. B 解析：根據(jù)后句“外面冷?？芍罢堦P(guān)上窗戶。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。2. A 解析：food是名詞，故前用no,選A項(xiàng)。3. A 解析： a pencil-box and two books是并列主語， be 的選取要根據(jù) apencil-box，應(yīng)選 A 項(xiàng)。4. B 解析：根據(jù) tomorrow morning 表示將來的時(shí)間，故用一般將來時(shí)；根 據(jù) there 可知用 there be 句型，應(yīng)選 B 項(xiàng)。5. C 解析：has主語多是人，排除；water是不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。1. dont tell 2. No eating 3.arent any 4.Were there5. There are; in三、1. F 解析：根據(jù)句子“ I am a Primary School student. 可知作者是一名 小學(xué)生。2. T 解析：根據(jù)句子“ In