高考英語(yǔ)專題五完形填空高考命題25說(shuō)明文精選題

1、說(shuō)明文（2018 甘肅高三診斷 ）While traveling, you might have stayed at a hotel or a family member's house. But have you ever thought about staying in a stranger'sThis might sound _2_, but it's actually a trend that's becoming popular around the world, including China.Lodging rental（ 借宿出租）compani

2、es like Airbnb are helping people look for cheap ways to _3_. This website allows people to rent out their 4 rooms or apartments as an alternative to 5 in over 190 countries.Created by young American men Brian Chesky, Joe Gebbia and Nathan Blecharczyk, Airbnb is a good example of a _6_ economy. Thro

3、ugh the Internet, people share _7_ such as cars, apartments and _8_ their expertise._9_ post information about the location, prices, descriptions and pictures.Guests can go to the _10 and find their favorite places to stay. Users _11_their opinions on their stay so that people know whether a place i

4、s good or not.A man in New York named Jonathan Powley even rents out his _12_ for $22 （140yuan, ） per night through Airbnb. This is no _13_ car. Powley took out the car seats and changed the _14to make it look more welcoming. He keeps it clean andputs flowers in it every day. He provides snacks and

5、tells travelers where they can go and shower.But Airbnb does have some _15 _. Sometimes you end up living with a stranger or it is not as _16_ as_it looked like online. _17_ , hosts sometimes get madwhen they get home and it's a complete _18_._In China, Airbnb operates in five _19_ including Bei

6、jing and Shanghai. The country has seen a major _20_ in_Airbnb users in the past year.1. A.officeB.campC.homeD.garden2. A.greatB. amazingC.dangerousD.strange3. A.travelB.playC.walkD.live4. A.newB.privateC spareD separate5 A.shopsB hotelsC restaurantsD homes6 A.sharingB differentC freshD commercial7

7、A.objectsB roomsC resourcesD experiences8 A.stillB yetC alwaysD even9 A.HostsB TravelersC GuestsD Sellers10 A.companyB websiteC hotelD agent11.A.showB postC putD deliver12 A.expertiseB car seatsC apartmentD taxi13 A.ordinaryB comforableC terribleD special14 A.outsideB insideC sizeD shape15 A.regulat

8、ionsB reasonsC problemsD advantages16 A.niceB cheapC badD real17 A.AlsoB InsteadC ThoughD Therefore18 A.surpriseB tripC messD joy19 A.projectsB citiesC businessesD agents20 A.shiftB dropC trendD increase答案： 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文介紹了愛(ài)彼迎民宿出租網(wǎng)站的相關(guān)信息，包括其運(yùn)營(yíng)方式以 及存在的問(wèn)題等。1. C解析：第一段意為：旅行時(shí)，你可能會(huì)住在酒店或親戚的家里，但你有沒(méi)有想過(guò) 住在一個(gè)陌生人的家

9、里？根據(jù)第三段中的"rent out their _4_ rooms or apartments ”可推斷出，此處指陌生人的家里，故選 C項(xiàng)。2. D解析：great意為“偉大的"；amazing意為“驚人的"；dangerous意為“危 險(xiǎn)的"；strange意為“奇怪的”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，住在陌生人的家里聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能有點(diǎn)奇怪， 故選D項(xiàng)。3. A 解析：句意：像愛(ài)彼迎這樣的借宿出租公司正幫助人們尋找便宜的旅行方式。根據(jù)本文首句"While traveling , you might have stayed at a hotel or a fam

10、ily member's house.”可知，A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。4. C解析：new意為“新的“；private 意為“私人的；個(gè)人的“； spare意為“閑 置的"；separate意為“單獨(dú)的；分開(kāi)的"。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，閑置的房子可以出租給游客 住宿，故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。5. B解析：根據(jù)上文可知，人們把多余的房間或公寓出租給旅客，這替代了酒店的功 能，故選B項(xiàng)。6. A 解析：sharing意為“共享的"；different 意為"不同的"；fresh意為“新 鮮的"； commercial 意為"商業(yè)的“。根據(jù)后文的&

11、quot; Through the Internet , people share _7_ such as cars. ”可知，愛(ài)彼迎是共享經(jīng)濟(jì)的一個(gè)很好的例子，故選 A項(xiàng)。7. C解析：句意：通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，人們共享他們的資源， 如汽車、公寓，甚至是專業(yè)技能。 根據(jù)"such as cars , apartments”可推斷出，此處指的是資源。object意為"物體"；room意為"房間"；resource意為"資源"；experience意為"經(jīng)歷"。故選 C項(xiàng)。8. D解析：句意見(jiàn)上題解析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，

12、人們可以通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)共享汽車、公寓和專 業(yè)技能，汽車和公寓是具體的，專業(yè)技能是抽象的，故此處表示遞進(jìn)。still 意為“仍然”；yet意為"但是"；always意為"總是"；even意為"甚至"。故選 D項(xiàng)。9. A 解析：host意為"主人"；traveler 意為"游客"；guest意為"客人"；seller 意為“賣(mài)方”。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布房子的位置、價(jià)格、 描述和圖片的應(yīng)是房屋的 主人。故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。10. B解析：company意為"公司"

13、；website意為"網(wǎng)站"；hotel意為“酒店"； agent 意為 "代理人”。根據(jù)第三段第二句 " This website allows people to rent out their. ”可知，游客應(yīng)該去網(wǎng)站找到他們最喜歡的地方，故選 B項(xiàng)。11. B解析：show意為"展示"；post意為"發(fā)布"；put意為"放置"；deliver 意為“遞送”。根據(jù)前文和常識(shí)可知，主人在網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布出租房屋的信息，游客住完以后應(yīng)該也是在網(wǎng)站上給出評(píng)價(jià)，以讓大家知道一個(gè)地方是否是好住處，

14、故選 B項(xiàng)。12. D 解析：expertise 意為"專業(yè)技能"；car seat意為"車座"；apartment意為"公寓"；taxi意為“出租車"。根據(jù)下文的"This is no13car. ”可知，出租的是一輛汽車，故選 D項(xiàng)。13. A 解析：ordinary 意為"普通的"；comfortable 意為"舒適的"；terrible 意 為"糟糕的"；special 意為"特殊的"。根據(jù)下文的"Powley too

15、k out the car seats and changed the _14_ to make it look more welcoming. He keeps it clean and puts flowers in it every day. "可知，車內(nèi)被改造過(guò)，不是平常的車，故選 A項(xiàng)。14. B解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，出租車主人拿出了座椅，所以應(yīng)該是改變了車內(nèi)的樣子， 故選B項(xiàng)。15. C 解析：regulation 意為“規(guī)則；管理"；reason意為"理由"；problem意為 "問(wèn)題"； advantage 意為&quo

16、t;優(yōu)勢(shì)”。根據(jù)下文的" hosts sometimes get madwhen they get home1可知，有時(shí)候會(huì)出現(xiàn)不愉快的情況，所以愛(ài)彼迎也存在一些問(wèn)題，故選C項(xiàng)。16. A 解析：根據(jù)hosts sometimes get mad可知，此處在介紹愛(ài)彼迎存在的問(wèn)題，所以有時(shí)和陌生人住在一起并不像網(wǎng)上看起來(lái)那么好。故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。17. A 解析：also意為“也；此外"；instead意為"相反；而不是“；though意為 “盡管"；therefore 意為“因此"。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，上文在舉例說(shuō)明，此處為所舉的另一 個(gè)例子，前后為并

17、列關(guān)系，故選 A項(xiàng)。18. C解析：surprise 意為“驚喜"；trip意為“旅行"；mess意為“凌亂"；joy 意為“樂(lè)趣”。根據(jù)上文中 hosts sometimes get mad可知，主人心情不愉快，故 C項(xiàng)符合 語(yǔ)境。19. B 解析：project意為"項(xiàng)目"；city 意為"城市"；business意為“公司；企 業(yè)"；agent意為“代理人”。北京和上海都是城市，故選 B項(xiàng)。20. D解析：shift意為“轉(zhuǎn)變"；drop意為“下降"；trend意為“潮流；趨勢(shì)”； inc

18、rease 意為"增長(zhǎng)"。根據(jù)第二段的"it's actually a trend that's becoming popular around the world, including China ”可推斷出，愛(ài)彼迎目前很流行，其在中國(guó)的運(yùn)營(yíng)范 圍包括了北京和上海在內(nèi)的五個(gè)城市，所以此處指用戶增加，故選 D項(xiàng)。B（2018 衡水中學(xué)高三九模）As a child, I was always told to "eat my greens” . These were the unappealing vegetables that sat o

19、n the edge of my plate. Peas, and greenbeans, all looked and tasted _1_. Lets face it, when there were so many other delicious treats to _2_ , why eat boring vegetables?Since then my taste buds have _3_ and I'm also fully aware of the healthbenefits of eating fresh vegetables. But we still need

20、4 of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us. In the UK, a campaign has been _5_ for severalyears to encourage us to eat our "5A Day' five portions of fruit and vegetables.That's _6_ evidence has shown there are significant health _7_ to getting at least five 80g portions o

21、f a variety of fruit and vegetables every day.But I struggle trying to fit these five portions into my daily _8_ , partlybecause I have a sweet _9_ and vegetables are, well, tasteless. Researchers have been _10_ how to make eating vegetables more _11_. They analysed the psychology behind our food _1

22、2_ and found that most of us are _J3_ by taste. Brad Turnwald from Stanford University says thata studies show that people _24_ to think ofhealthier options as less tasty for some reason”.In Europe, a project called VeggieEAT has also been trying to find ways to get people to 15 more vegetables.Proj

23、ect leader, Professor Heather Hartwell believes in _16encouraging people into eating the right things. One idea hasbeen to put a _17of a tasty looking fruit on a supermarket trolley as a _18_about buying something from the fruit store after looking at the image. She says,“Choice is a really _19 thin

24、g. But making vegetables look attractive willincrease their sales. ”Certainly, eating “twisted citrus-glazed carrots " does sound tempting, even if it just _20_ like a carrot, but if it makes us eat more vegetables then that can only be a good thing for our health.1.A.disgusting'''&

25、#39;B.deliciousC.ripenD. sweet2.A.buyB. prepareC.offerD. enjoy3.A.appearedB. developedC.existedD. shrank4.A.remindingB. informingC.warningD. talking5.A.planningB. aimingC.runningD. intending6.A.whyB. howC.whenD. because7.A.needsB. benefitsC.issuesD. risks8.A.dietB. educationC.workD. exercise9 A.tend

26、encyB preferenceC toothD appetite10 A.showingB discoveringC reportingD studying11 A.appropriateB attractiveC beneficialD independent12 A.choicesB valuesC wastesD judgments13 A.confusedB disturbedC motivatedD challenged14 A.manageB decideC agreeD tend15 A.growB eatC storeD harvest16 A.slowlyB suddenl

27、yC firmlyD seriously17 A.varietyB lotC pictureD number18 A.signB concernC clueD hint19 A.easyB complexC quickD casual20 A.looksB smellsC tastesD feels答案： 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 ' 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。 吃蔬菜對(duì)健康有益， 這是一個(gè)眾人皆知的道理。然而， 我們有時(shí)候會(huì)因?yàn)槠珢?ài)其他食物的口味而不愿意吃蔬菜。 本文介紹了一項(xiàng)旨在提倡人們多吃蔬菜的研究，并介紹了一些商家用來(lái)吸引顧客購(gòu)買(mǎi)蔬菜的銷售技巧。1 A 解析： 考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“ the

28、 unappealing vegetables ”和本段最后一句中的“ boring vegetables ”可知，長(zhǎng)相令人厭惡的豌豆和青豆很難吃。 disgusting意為“令人厭惡的”，符合語(yǔ)境。 delicious 美味的； ripen（ 使）成熟； sweet 甜的，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 A 項(xiàng)。2 D 解析： 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“ why eat boring vegetables ”可知，有那么多美食可以享受， 為什么還吃那些難吃的蔬菜呢？ enjoy 意為“享受”， 符合語(yǔ)境。 buy買(mǎi)；prepare準(zhǔn)備；offer提供，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選D項(xiàng)。3 B 解析： 考查動(dòng)詞辨

29、析。根據(jù)下文中的“ I' m also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables ”可知，作者充分認(rèn)識(shí)到了吃新鮮蔬菜對(duì)健康的益處； 由此可推知， 作者的味蕾發(fā)生了變化。 develop 意為“變化， 發(fā)展”， 符合語(yǔ)境。 appear 出現(xiàn)；exist存在；shrink縮小，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 B項(xiàng)。4 A 解析： 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“ the amazing goodness these green super foods give us ”可知，作者認(rèn)為我們?nèi)孕栌浀眠@些綠色超級(jí)食品給我們的身體

30、帶來(lái)的驚人益處。 remind 意為“記起，使想起”，符合語(yǔ)境。 inform 通知； warn 警告； talk 談?wù)摚c語(yǔ)境不符。故選A 項(xiàng)。5 C 解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)"a campaign”和下文中的"for several years” 可知，宣傳活動(dòng)已經(jīng)舉辦好幾年了。 run 持續(xù)，符合語(yǔ)境。 plan 計(jì)劃； aim 目的是； intend 打算，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 C項(xiàng)。6 D 解析： 考查詞義辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，本句是解釋舉辦宣傳活動(dòng)的原因。故選 D 項(xiàng)。7 B 解析： 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“ getting at least five 8

31、0g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day ”和常識(shí)可知，每天至少食用 5 份 80 克的 水果和蔬菜會(huì)對(duì)健康有很大益處。 benefit 益處，符合語(yǔ)境。 need 需要； issue 問(wèn)題； risk 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 B 項(xiàng)。8 A 解析： 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知， 作者在努力把這 5 份果蔬納入到自己的日 常飲食中。 diet 意為“飲食”，符合語(yǔ)境。 education 教育； work 工作， exercise 練習(xí)， 均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 A 項(xiàng)。9 C 解析： 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“ ve

32、getables are ， well ， tasteless ”可 知，作者喜歡吃甜食，覺(jué)得蔬菜無(wú)味。 have a sweet tooth 是一個(gè)常用俚語(yǔ)，意為“喜歡 甜食”。 tendency 趨勢(shì)； preference 喜好； appetite 食欲，胃口，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 C 項(xiàng)。10 D 解析： 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“ analysed ”和“ found ”可知， 此處指研 究人員一直在做研究。 study 意為“研究”， 符合語(yǔ)境。 show 展示； discover 發(fā)現(xiàn)； report 報(bào)道，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 D 項(xiàng)。11 B 解析： 考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，研究人員一直在研究如何讓吃蔬菜更具吸引力。 attractive 意為“有吸引力的”，符合語(yǔ)境。 appropriate 合適的； beneficial有益的；independent獨(dú)立的，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 B項(xiàng)。12 A 解析： 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“ by taste ”可知，研究人員分析了我們選擇食物時(shí)的心理， 發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分人都是受味道的驅(qū)使。 choice 選擇， 符合語(yǔ)境。 value 價(jià)值； waste 垃圾，廢物； judgement 判斷，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選 A 項(xiàng)。13 C 解析： 考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“ by ta