天然氣點火系統(tǒng)介紹

1、點火技術(shù)介紹點火技術(shù)介紹XCC主要設(shè)備主要設(shè)備n天然氣點火系統(tǒng)主要設(shè)備技術(shù)參數(shù)天然氣點火系統(tǒng)主要設(shè)備技術(shù)參數(shù)n系統(tǒng)組成：n本系統(tǒng)由就地點火控制柜、氣動推進(jìn)裝置、閥門檢漏壓力開關(guān)、火焰檢測裝置和爐前閥門儀表等組成。本工程管路系統(tǒng)設(shè)計嚴(yán)格按照三閥組配置，即：兩臺速斷閥及一臺放散閥的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置。管路系統(tǒng)中設(shè)有閥門檢漏壓力開關(guān)，檢漏邏輯由DCS系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)。 XCC點火槍氣動推進(jìn)器n 氣動推進(jìn)執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征，推進(jìn)器是自動點火的主要執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)之一。行程暫定300mm，其任務(wù)是在鍋爐點火時，將點火槍送入燃燒器，完成點火后退出。n氣動推進(jìn)器上裝有氣缸，其活塞桿帶動點火槍運(yùn)動。由防爆電磁換向閥控制氣缸的進(jìn)、退。點

2、火槍進(jìn)退到位后，均有行程開關(guān)發(fā)出信號反饋到控制系統(tǒng)。氣動推進(jìn)器與爐壁采用法蘭連接。n氣缸的推力為1000N4000N，視不同規(guī)格而異。行程300mm。氣缸的工作氣壓為0.40.6MPa，動態(tài)耗氣量為0.002NM3/次臺，氣缸推進(jìn)速度為50200mm/s可調(diào)。氣動推進(jìn)器的工作溫度為-3080。n點火槍進(jìn)、退到位的位置反饋信號由撞桿與行程開關(guān)配合完成，此技術(shù)為我院首創(chuàng)。撞桿與進(jìn)口行程開關(guān)安裝在密封盒內(nèi)，防水防塵，防護(hù)等級為IP65，有極長的使用壽命、高可靠性和準(zhǔn)確度。撞桿、氣缸、連接板、行程開關(guān)的相對位置在出廠時已調(diào)整到最佳，減少了現(xiàn)場的工作量。點火槍兩端各配一組行程開關(guān)，每組開關(guān)可提供兩組常開

3、/常閉無源觸點信號，觸點容量為220VAC2A。n電磁換向閥裝于推進(jìn)器側(cè)面的換向閥箱內(nèi)，通過銅管與氣缸相連。換向閥箱也密封，工作電源為220V AC。XCC氣動關(guān)斷閥n閥門采用氣動球閥結(jié)構(gòu)，由氣動執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)驅(qū)動作90轉(zhuǎn)動，從而實現(xiàn)閥門的開閉，在閥門開、關(guān)位均有限位開關(guān)將閥位信號送至控制系統(tǒng)以反饋閥門的開關(guān)狀態(tài)，該閥門的特點是關(guān)閉速度快、密封可靠、反饋信號準(zhǔn)確。n氣動球閥的技術(shù)參數(shù)如下：工作電壓 220VAC 1P 50Hz公稱通徑 DN125、80耐壓 1.6Mpa關(guān)閉時間 3工作介質(zhì)： 天然氣介質(zhì)溫度 150XCC1. 小油槍點火技術(shù)Small Oil Gun Ignition 主要技術(shù)特點T

4、ech. Features：將小油槍（出力：300500Kg/h）插入煤粉燃燒器噴口處，點火時依靠小油槍從煤粉燃燒器中心點燃煤粉，同時需要大油槍從臨近的位置助燃。Insert the small oil gun (capacity:300-500Kg/h) at sprayer of PC burner. The small oil gun may ignite pc at the center of pc burner and shall get the assistant of big oil gun nearby for combustion aid. 優(yōu)點：提前投粉燃燒，節(jié)約燃油203

5、0%，投資較小。 Advantages: supplies and burns coal powder in advance, the oil-saving rate is up to 20-30%, and the investment is lower. 缺點：技術(shù)落后，適用煤種范圍窄，節(jié)油效果差；油煤混燒，無法投用電除塵。Disadvantages: Backward technology, Small range of coal application scope, low saving efficiency, burns oil and coal mixture, not avail

6、able for electric dust catcher. XCC2. 微油氣化點火技術(shù)Minor Oil Gasified Ignition Tech. 主要技術(shù)特點Features：初期利用壓縮空氣霧化燃油，點燃以后由于輸油管被加熱，燃油被部分氣化，燃燒得到強(qiáng)化。此高溫油火焰用于點燃一級燃燒筒內(nèi)濃縮的煤粉氣流，進(jìn)而逐級點燃二級、三級風(fēng)粉混合物。從而達(dá)到冷爐直接投粉啟動鍋爐的目的。At the beginning, oil is atomized by compressed air, and ignited. Since the oil pipeline is heated, part

7、of oil is gasified. Consequently the combustion is intensified. The oil flame with high temperature is applied to ignite the PC air stream in first grade combustion cylinder, then ignite the secondary and tertiary mixture so as to start-up boiler under cold status. 優(yōu)點：燃油量較?。ǔ隽?080Kg/h），可以點燃煙煤；初期可以投用

8、電除塵；投資較少。缺點：微油燃燒器點火能量?。?50900KW）只能點燃優(yōu)質(zhì)煤種；初期燃盡度差；由于需對油管進(jìn)行加熱，油燃燒器內(nèi)部容易結(jié)焦。Advantages: Low oil consumption (30-80Kg/h capacity), is available for soft coal, and could apply electric dust catcher at initial stage with low investment.Disadvantages: since micro oil burner has low ignition capacity, 350-900K

9、W, it could only burn high grad coal. The burn-out rate is quite low at initial stage, and the oil burner is easy to be coked. XCC3. 等離子點火技術(shù)Plasma Ignition Tech. 主要技術(shù)特點Features：利用高溫等離子體作為煤粉燃燒器的點火源，首先點燃一級燃燒筒內(nèi)濃縮的煤粉氣流，進(jìn)而逐級點燃二級、三級風(fēng)粉混合物。從而達(dá)到冷爐直接投粉啟動鍋爐的目的。優(yōu)點：燃油消耗較少，可以點燃煙煤，由臨近機(jī)組提供熱風(fēng)的情況下可以實現(xiàn)無油點火；初期可以投用電除塵。I

10、gnite the PC burner with plasma body from burning PC stream in primary combustion, and then the secondary and tertiary stream so as to to start-up boiler under cold status. 缺點：點火能量?。ㄐ∮?00KW）只能點燃優(yōu)質(zhì)煤種；電極壽命短；廠用電消耗量大；系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜，初期投資及使用費用均很大。Disadvantage: only available for high grade coal due to its low ignit

11、ion capacity (no more than 100KW), short service life of electrode, high auxiliary power consumption, complicated system and high investment for initial installation and maintenance. XCC4. 雙強(qiáng)少油點火技術(shù)Double Intensified Less Oil Ignition4.1 雙強(qiáng)少油點火技術(shù)的含義Definition of Double-intensified Less Oil Ignition T

12、ech.l強(qiáng)化油的燃燒Intensified Oil Burningl強(qiáng)化煤的燃燒Intensified Coal BurningXCC4.2 雙強(qiáng)少油點火技術(shù)的原理Working Principles 油燃燒器插入煤粉燃燒器的中心，距噴口有一定的距離，點火時經(jīng)過強(qiáng)化燃燒的高溫油火焰將通過煤粉燃燒器的一次風(fēng)粉瞬間加熱到煤粉的著火溫度，一次風(fēng)粉混合物受到高溫油火焰的沖擊，揮發(fā)分迅速析出同時開始燃燒，揮發(fā)分的燃燒放出大量的熱，補(bǔ)充了此間消耗的熱量，并持續(xù)對一次風(fēng)粉進(jìn)行加熱，將其加熱至高于該煤種的著火溫度，從而使煤粉中的碳顆粒開始燃燒，形成高溫火炬。該油燃燒器是由航空發(fā)動機(jī)的高壓強(qiáng)制配風(fēng)油燃燒器發(fā)展

13、而來的低壓強(qiáng)制配風(fēng)油燃燒器，通過分級強(qiáng)制配風(fēng)使其發(fā)出高溫火焰，火焰表面溫度測定為1520，中心溫度不低于1800，油燃盡率99%以上。Oil burner is inserted into the center of PC burner, keeping certain distance from the sprayer. The intensified high temperature flame heats the primary air powder to firing temperature, then volatile matter is separated out and burn

14、ed which releases large amount of heat that heat up primary air powder continuously till it reaches coal ignition temperature and then forms coal flare. This low pressure reinforced air distribution oil burner is originated from the high pressure reinforced air distribution oil burner of aero-engine

15、 that generates flame with 1520 at surface and 1800 at center. Its burn-out rate is over 99%. 油燃燒器出力范圍在20/h400/h之間，可以點燃的煤種包括褐煤、煙煤、劣質(zhì)煙煤、貧煤、無煙煤、混煤等；燃燒方式包括直流燃燒器切向燃燒、旋流燃燒器墻式燃燒以及“W”型燃燒鍋爐；制粉系統(tǒng)類型包括采用中速磨、風(fēng)扇磨和雙進(jìn)雙出鋼球磨的直吹式制粉系統(tǒng)，以及采用單進(jìn)單出鋼球磨的中儲式制粉系統(tǒng)。The oil burner capacity is 20/h400/h and is available for soft c

16、oal, bitumite, poor soft coal, meager coal, anthracite, and mixed coal. It is capable for tangential firing, swirl burner wall firing, and W boiler. Milling system is available for medium speed milling, fan milling, double in/out ball milling and single in/out milling. 雙強(qiáng)少油點火燃燒器是我公司擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)雙強(qiáng)少油點火燃燒器

17、是我公司擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的專利產(chǎn)品，專利號的專利產(chǎn)品，專利號ZL 01 2 59539.XZL 01 2 59539.XDouble intensified less-oil ignition device is patented product. The patent NO.: ZL01259539.xXCC 主要技術(shù)特點Features：利用高溫油火焰作為煤粉燃燒器的點火源，將一次風(fēng)粉全部加熱到該煤種的著火溫度；由于點火能量大，不需要分級燃燒，點火初期燃盡度非常高，同時可以減少燃燒器內(nèi)部的燒損；同時采用氣模冷卻技術(shù)，燃燒器不超溫、不結(jié)焦，使用壽命長。Oil flame ignites al

18、l primary air powder to coal ignition temperature in short time. Since the ignition power is quite huge, the classified combustion is not necessary, burn-out rate at ignition initial stage is very high and may not burnt burner severely inside. The special air cooling film protect burner from been ex

19、cessive heated or coked. 優(yōu)點：可以點燃煙煤、褐煤、貧煤、無煙煤等；點火能量較大（2004500KW），煤粉燃盡度非常高；初期可以投用電除塵。Advantages: Available for soft coal, bitumite, meager coal and anthracite. High ignition power (2004500KW), high coal powder burn-out rate, and is capable for electric dust catcher at initial stage. 4.3 雙強(qiáng)煤粉燃燒器Double-

20、intensified PC BurnerXCC4.4 雙強(qiáng)油燃燒器Double Intensified Oil Burner技術(shù)特點Features：l 航空發(fā)動機(jī)分級配風(fēng)原理、氣膜保護(hù)技術(shù)、絕熱燃燒環(huán)境、理論燃燒溫度lclassified air distribution principle of aero-engine, air filming cooling tech., heat resistant combustion condition, and theory combustion temperaturel 燃燒室不結(jié)焦、不燒損lThe combustor will not be

21、 coked or burnt.l 點火槍無需進(jìn)退、點火啟動時間短，低負(fù)荷穩(wěn)燃響應(yīng)速度快lThe spark rod does not need to be retracted/advanced. Short ignition start time, quick response for low load combustion. XCC4.5 雙強(qiáng)少油點火系統(tǒng)的組成Composition of Double-intensified Ignition system 雙強(qiáng)油燃燒器 雙強(qiáng)煤粉燃燒器 Double intensified oil burner Double intensified PC

22、 burner 油系統(tǒng)及吹掃系統(tǒng) 油配風(fēng)系統(tǒng)Oil system and purge system Air Distribution SystemXCC任何一種節(jié)油點火技術(shù)，采用的都是以煤代油的方式節(jié)省燃油，節(jié)油點火技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，首先要解決的是在冷爐狀態(tài)下制備滿足要求的煤粉。對于有鄰爐借粉條件的中儲式制粉系統(tǒng)可以采用鄰爐借粉的方式獲取煤粉，對于沒有鄰爐借粉條件的中儲式制粉系統(tǒng)和直吹式制粉系統(tǒng)，只有采用本爐制粉的方案，而獲取啟磨熱風(fēng)是其必要前提條件。Pulverized coal supplying is a key step for saving oil at cold status. Inte

23、rmediate storage milling system with a boiler nearby is supplied with PC from the boiler next to it. While intermediate storage milling system without boiler nearby and direct fired mill system are supplied with PC from self milling system that requires hot air. 獲取啟磨熱風(fēng)的方法通常有兩種Two methods for getting

24、 hot air ：l采用風(fēng)道燃燒器加熱一次風(fēng) Heat primary air by air duct burnerl采用蒸汽加熱器加熱一次風(fēng)Heat primary air by steam heater4.6 冷爐熱風(fēng)制備系統(tǒng)Cold Boiler Hot Air System XCC4.6.1 風(fēng)道燃燒器Air Duct Burner在空預(yù)器出口熱一次風(fēng)母管上安裝一套風(fēng)道燃燒器，利用風(fēng)道燃燒器加熱一次風(fēng)，使一次風(fēng)溫度達(dá)到啟磨要求的溫度，進(jìn)行啟磨制粉，在冷爐狀態(tài)下利用雙強(qiáng)油燃燒器將煤粉在雙強(qiáng)煤粉燃燒器內(nèi)點燃，然后送入爐膛，利用粉火啟爐。Install a set of air duct

25、burner at the primary air main pipe of air preheater exit. The air duct burner will heat primary to the milling temperature, then the double intensified oil burner will ignite PC inside double intensified PC burner at cold status and send the burning powder into boiler to start the boiler. XCC4.6.2

26、蒸汽加熱器Steam Heater蒸汽壓力要求：0.8MpaSteam pressure: 0.8MpaXCC5. 輔助系統(tǒng)（可選配置）Auxiliary System (Optional)圖像火焰檢測系統(tǒng)是現(xiàn)代計算機(jī)技術(shù)、DSP數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù)與燃燒學(xué)等相結(jié)合的產(chǎn)物，采用傳像光纖和數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù)等新技術(shù)，是新一代的火焰檢測裝置 。Image flame system adopts computer tech, DSP digital image tech, and combustion theory and is equipped with image fiber bundles. 系統(tǒng)特

27、性Features：l采用傳像光纖和CCD攝像機(jī)直接觀測爐膛及燃燒器的火焰，大大提高了火焰檢測靈敏度、準(zhǔn)確性；利用DSP數(shù)字處理系統(tǒng)對火焰數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理，得到有火信號，提高火焰的單角鑒別能力。lImage fibre and CCD camera detect flame in burner and boiler that increases the scanner efficiency. DSP digital system enhanced the flame identifying performance. l運(yùn)行人員可以直觀、清晰地在中央控制室的大屏幕CRT上觀察每個燃燒器及全爐膛的燃燒

28、狀態(tài)，并能直觀顯示爐膛各部分的溫度場及輻射能量，及時進(jìn)行燃燒調(diào)整，提高燃燒效率。lOperator could check combustion status of each burner and boiler from the CRT at central control room with temperature, radiation degrees display, so as to regulate combustion. l采用計算機(jī)圖像處理技術(shù)，可向運(yùn)行人員提供豐富生動的火焰燃燒信息。運(yùn)行人員可以有選擇地觀察單個燃燒器的火焰圖像，或同一層各個角的火焰圖像。lThe computer

29、 image processing technology send vivid flame burning images of any single burner or on any layer to operator/ l準(zhǔn)確可靠地輸出每個燃燒器火焰燃燒狀況并輸出開關(guān)量信號，可以方便地與鍋爐爐膛安全監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)相連。lIt sends flame condition and digitals of each burner correctly and is connected with boiler security monitoring system.l能夠自動記錄24小時的火焰圖像并且可以按要

30、求回放。有助于事故追憶且用于分析燃燒燃燒工況，提高運(yùn)行水平；l24hours flame images auto record could be replayed to trace accident and analyzing combustion status. l本系統(tǒng)可利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)方便的掛在計算機(jī)分散控制系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，作為DCS的一個有機(jī)組成部分.lThe system could be displayed on the website of computer control system as a part of DCS.5.1 圖像火焰檢測系統(tǒng)Image Flame Scanning S

31、ystemXCC圖像火焰檢測系統(tǒng)示意圖Image Flame Scanning SystemXCC通過對一次風(fēng)速運(yùn)行參數(shù)的實時監(jiān)測，在線分析燃燒器一次風(fēng)速數(shù)據(jù)，防止一次風(fēng)速過高造成著火不穩(wěn)或一次風(fēng)速過低造成管道積粉。It detects and analyzes primary air velocity data, and control the velocity at certain value. Or diversified velocity may lead to unstable combustion or powder block in tubes. l 采用柔性自清灰棒，自動清掃探

32、頭管內(nèi)附壁粉塵，無須吹掃，免維護(hù)。lThe gentle self-cleaning stick cleans detector tube automatically.l 探頭采用耐磨陶瓷制造，防止了測量探頭磨損而引起的標(biāo)定系數(shù)變化，測量精度高。lThe detector is made of wear-resistant ceramic, ensures that the detector accuracy. l 新型專利結(jié)構(gòu)可防止探頭內(nèi)結(jié)露堵塞干壓孔，設(shè)計先進(jìn)。lThe patented structure protects detector inside from block. 5.2

33、一次風(fēng)速在線檢測系統(tǒng) Primary Air Velocity Online Scanning SystemXCC6. 雙強(qiáng)少油點火試驗及應(yīng)用實況Ignition Test and Application of Double Intensified Less Oil Burner6.1 雙強(qiáng)油燃燒器點火實況 Ignition Video of Double Intensified Oil BurnerXCC6.2 實驗室煤粉點火實況Video of PC Ignition at LabXCC6.3 國電龍山電廠點火實況Ignition Video at Longshan Power Plant

34、, XCC6.4 大唐琿春電廠點火實況Ignition Video of Hunchun Power PlantXCC7.徐州燃燒控制研究院有限公司少/微油點火（主要業(yè)績）Less/Minor Oil Ignition Burner Achievements序號訂貨單位機(jī)組容量MW燃燒器布置形式煤種備 注1上海吳涇第二發(fā)電有限責(zé)任公司2#爐600上海鍋爐廠四角布置（改造）煙煤已投運(yùn)2華潤電力湖北有限公司蒲圻發(fā)電廠1#爐300上海鍋爐廠四角布置（改造）貧煤已投運(yùn)3華潤電力湖北有限公司蒲圻發(fā)電廠2#爐300上海鍋爐廠四角布置（改造）貧煤設(shè)計中4大唐陜西略陽發(fā)電廠330東方鍋爐廠四角布置煙煤已投運(yùn)5

35、河南鶴壁豐鶴發(fā)電廠三期1#爐600東方日立鍋爐廠前后墻布置貧煤已投運(yùn)6河南鶴壁豐鶴發(fā)電廠三期2#爐600東方日立鍋爐廠前后墻布置貧煤已投運(yùn)7大唐吉林琿春發(fā)電廠1#爐330武漢鍋爐廠四角布置褐煤已投運(yùn) 8大唐吉林琿春發(fā)電廠2#爐330武漢鍋爐廠四角布置褐煤已投運(yùn) 9國電河北龍山發(fā)電廠 1#爐600北京巴威公司前后墻布置貧煤已投運(yùn)10國電河北龍山發(fā)電廠 2#爐600北京巴威公司前后墻布置貧煤已投運(yùn)11華能山西榆社發(fā)電廠1#爐300武漢鍋爐廠四角布置貧煤已投運(yùn)12華電山東濰坊發(fā)電廠1#爐300東方鍋爐廠四角布置貧煤已投運(yùn)13華電山東濰坊發(fā)電廠2#爐300東方鍋爐廠四角布置貧煤已投運(yùn)14蘇州望亭電廠1#爐660上海鍋爐廠四角布置煙煤生產(chǎn)中15蘇州望亭電廠2#爐660上海鍋爐廠四角布置煙煤生產(chǎn)中XCC7.徐州燃燒控制研究院有限公司少/微油點火（主要業(yè)績） Less/Minor Oil Ignition Burner Achievements16華電石家莊裕華熱電廠1#爐330武漢鍋爐廠四角布置褐煤安裝中 17華電石家莊裕華