情態(tài)動詞公開課精編版

1、can/could: 1. can 一般表示與生俱來的能力或一般表示與生俱來的能力或者一種客觀可能性者一種客觀可能性,還可以表示請還可以表示請求和允許求和允許 。 Man can not live without air . Learning English _ be difficult . can Can _ I use your bike? can/could: 2.在疑問句中，用在疑問句中，用could可表示請可表示請求，語氣較委婉。求，語氣較委婉。 could He asks if he _ smoke here. Could _I have the television on? ca

2、n/may Yes, you _. / No, you _ cant/Im afraid not can/could: 3.表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中） Can this be true? Hes such a nice person that cant he _ commit the crime. How can you be so careless! 你怎么會如此地粗心！你怎么會如此地粗心！ can/could: 4. can never/canttoo表示表示“無論怎樣無論怎樣也不過分

3、也不過分”，“越越越越好好” 。 You cant be too careful 你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。 while crossing the road. can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別: Edison always wondered why hens could hatch (孵孵) chickens while he was not able to. Question: Are the two modal verbs interchangeable (互換互換) ? If not, why? can表示表示與生俱來的能力與生俱來的能力或或一種客觀

4、可能一種客觀可能，而，而be able to更加強調(diào)更加強調(diào)通過后天的學(xué)習(xí)和努力獲通過后天的學(xué)習(xí)和努力獲得的能力，得的能力，或者或者在某個客觀的場合和背景下在某個客觀的場合和背景下，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。 can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別: 1.A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone was able to _ run out of the building . can 2. She _ speak both English and French. advisability ought to/sho

5、uld have to necessity must Your mother brings you up and takes good care of you, so when she is old, you _ look after her in return. A.can B.may C.have to D.must very uncertain might may could (can) should almost certain ought to will must 1.He _ be at home. A.may B.might C.must 2.He _ be at home, f

6、or he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago. A.may B.might C.must must 1. must 表示肯定的猜測，譯為表示肯定的猜測，譯為“一定一定”，不能用于否定句或疑問句。不能用于否定句或疑問句。 This must be your pen. He must be doing his homework now. He must have arrived already. must 2. 表示表示“堅持堅持”（常用于固定句型：（常用于固定句型：if you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事

7、） 如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。如果你真的要走，那就悄悄離開。 If you must leave, do it quietly. They_ be doing the experiment in the lab. Why？ Because the lights are still burning . A.could B.can C.must D.would may/might: 1. 表示許可。表示請求、允許時，表示許可。表示請求、允許時，might比比may的語氣更委婉一些。的語氣更委婉一些。 Might/May I use your computer? Yes, you can. /N

8、o, you cant/mustnt. may/might: 2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。用于祈使句中表示祝愿。 May you be happy all your life. May you succeed. 祝你成功！祝你成功！ 3.表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，表示推測、可能（只用于肯定句，疑問句則要用疑問句則要用can或或could）。）。 He may be very busy now. 5.Making requests (提出要求提出要求): informal formal will can could would I dont know how to use this equip

9、ment! Can you help me with my training? 6.Making suggestions (提出建議提出建議): Its too hot to take exercise in the afternoon. Shall we do the training in the morning? shall: 1.Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見、向?qū)Ψ秸埵净蛱峁椭姟⑾驅(qū)Ψ秸埵净蛱峁椭?。 1.Shall we begin our lesson? 2.When shall he be

10、allowed to leave hospital? 3.Shall I carry this bag for you? You shall fail if you dont work harder. 警告警告 shall: 2.Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。諾或威脅。 He shall be punished according to the rule. 威脅威脅 允諾允諾 He shall have the book when I finish it. 等我讀完這本書，就會給他的。等我讀完這本書，就會

11、給他的。 7.Making offers (提供幫助提供幫助): Mom, my dirty clothes have been piled up! I dont have time Dont worry, dear, I will wash them right away. will/would: 1. 表示請求、建議等，表示請求、建議等，would比比will委婉客氣。委婉客氣。 Would you like sentence pattern Would you please Would you mind Would rather will/would: 2.表示意志、愿望和決心。表示意志

12、、愿望和決心。 I will never do that again. will/would: 1).The old man would _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. 3.可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為性。翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總經(jīng)常、慣于、總是是”。 The door wont2).門就是打不開門就是打不開 ! open. will/would: Question: Is this sentence correct? Why? I w

13、ill go to the park with you tomorrow if you will offer me lunch. 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 表示表示 “意愿意愿” should: 1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令，表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是其同義詞是ought to；在疑問句中，；在疑問句中，通常用通常用should代替代替oughtto。 Should I open the window? We should learn from each 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)要相互學(xué)習(xí)。 other. should: 2.情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞should用于第一人稱用于第一人稱時可以

14、表示說話人的一種謙遜、時可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣?？蜌?、委婉的語氣。 Rose Sure. By the way, who is your idol? Jack Liu Xiang, I should say. I should advise you not to do that again. should: 3. should表示意外或驚訝表示意外或驚訝 常譯為常譯為 “居然，竟然居然，竟然”。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信這樣一個紳士居然對老人我不敢相信這樣一個紳士居

15、然對老人如此無禮。如此無禮。 should: 4. should 表示猜測時，一般指按經(jīng)驗或邏輯表示猜測時，一般指按經(jīng)驗或邏輯判斷，翻譯成判斷，翻譯成“照說應(yīng)該，估計，想必照說應(yīng)該，估計，想必” ?-When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need 三三. “ 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done” 的用法的用法 （1）must have done對過去某事的十分肯定猜測對過去某事的十分肯定

16、猜測 （2）may/might have done 對過去某事的可能性對過去某事的可能性猜測猜測 （3）cant/couldnt have done 對過去某事的否定對過去某事的否定猜測猜測 （4）should/ought to have done 過去應(yīng)該做而未過去應(yīng)該做而未做做 （5）shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 過去不應(yīng)該做而實際上做了過去不應(yīng)該做而實際上做了 （6）neednt have done 本沒有必要做的事實際本沒有必要做的事實際卻做了卻做了 （7）could have done 本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實際卻未做到本來能夠做的（有能力做）事實際

17、卻未做到 Practice 1.With so much work on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have gone C. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone 2. There was plenty of time. She _. A. mustnt have hurried B. couldnt have hurried C. must not hurry D. neednt have hurried Practice 3. I saw Mary in the l

18、ibrary yesterday. -You_ her. She is still abroad. A. mustnt see B. cant have seen C. mustnt have seen D. couldnt see 4. Aunt Mary_the train, otherwise she would have arrived here by now. A. must have missed B. should have missed C. had missed D. might miss 四四. 可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞： need 、 dare 情態(tài)動詞 (+動詞原形) 行為動詞 1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化無人稱和數(shù)的變化; 多用于肯定句多用于肯定句; 2.尤其用于：尤其用于： need *否定句及疑問句中否定句及疑問句中; (sb.) need to do *在在i