[2020屆]普通高等學(xué)校高三英語(全國I卷)模擬試題八和參考答案解析

1、2020年普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試模擬卷（八）英語本試卷6頁，滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘 注意事項(xiàng)：1 .答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的校名、姓名、考號(hào)、座位號(hào)等相關(guān)信息填寫在答題卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)。2 .選擇題每小題選出答案后，請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案；不能答在試卷上。3 .非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4 .考生必須保證答題卡的整潔。第一部分 閱讀理解（共

2、兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂。AIt was several years ago when my wife asked me to meet her at the local department store on Black Friday morning. They had advertised a child's bike that she wanted to purchase for our son. We stood with a very large c

3、rowd, waiting for the manager to blow the whistle. After a while the whistle blew. It was like throwing a basket of chum into a tank of sharks. I told my wife that if we obtained a bike, fine, but if we did not, I was OK with that too.As the boxes of bikes began to gradually decrease, I saw my oppor

4、tunity to wrap my hands around the corner of one of them. I lifted it off and suddenly felt some mild resistance. I looked up to see one of the largest men I had ever seen in my life. Frightening was not enough to describe his presence. He was decorated with numerous leather belts with metal buttons

5、 around both arms and even his neck. Tattoos （ 紋 身）were an obvious passion of his.I started to loosen the box but he gently pushed it back in my direction and back into my hands. Hethen directed it into my shopping cart. He looked at me, smiled, and said,“ Merry Christmas.My wife and I went to the c

6、heckout, paid for the bike and went home. All the way home I was thinking that this moment was by far the best Christmas gift I had ever received. The kindness of a human heart in a simple act of a stranger broke all preconceived notions （ 先入為主）I may have had. I will never forget it.1. What does the

7、 underlined word" chum" mean in Paragraph1?A.Gifts.B.Food.C.Goods.D.Souvenirs.2. Why did the author loosen the box when seeing the man?A .The author didn'twant to buyit.B.The man neededit more.C.The author was frightenedbythe man.D .The man got thebox first.3. What can be a suitable ti

8、tle for the text?A . The Best Christmas Gift.B . The Largest Man I Have Ever Seen.C. An Unforgettable Bike.D . A Shopping Experience.BAs technology in the security field advances, so does the intelligence of the burglars in prevailing over this technology. Gone are the days when a simple alarm syste

9、m, connected to your phone line, was enough to protect you from potential security risks.Cellular alarm systems （蜂窩報(bào)警系統(tǒng) ）are a replacement of the traditional wired phone line security networks. These systems work just like your cell phone. A cellular module is placed in the main control panel and it

10、 sends signals, without the use of wires, to the monitoring station. The cellular signal is sent via the data part of a cellular signal, much like a text message.Sensors can be placed anywhere in your house. Whenever there is an emergency, the relevant sensor picks up the unusual activity and sends

11、a cellular signal to the main control panel. The control panel serves more than one purpose, which sends a cellular signal at the same time to the monitoring service at the back end. The monitoring service later informs the relevant authorities in the form of high-pitched sirens （ iWj首 警笛聲）.Typicall

12、y it takes a few minutes for emergency services to arrive at the scene. Depending on the efficiency of your monitoring service and the local authorities, help should arrive soon and deal with the potential threats.It allows you to monitor your house remotely. All you have to do is simply access the

13、cameras from your phone and keep a check for any unusual activities while you are not around. With cellular technology securing your house, you don ' t have to worry about the power failure or even burglars cutting your phone lines.Since these systems operate on batteries, you should be careful

14、about when the batteries die out. There might be other appliances including microwave ovens and WiFi in the house that can cause disruption （ 干 擾）.Ensure that your cellular alarm system's range is not affected by the presence of these appliances. Many homeowners tend to go for wireless systems d

15、ue to the ease of installation （ 安裝）factor. However, keep in mind that a non-professional installation might actually leave the system easy to damage.4. What do the underlined words "prevailing over'' mean in Paragraph 1?A. Improving.B. Defeating.C. Worrying about.D. Looking into.5. How

16、 can the authorities know an emergency is happening? A . They hear high-pitched sirens.B. They read the cellular signal.C. They check the control panel online.D. They notice the unusual activity via sensors.6. What can we know about the cellular alarm system?A . It looks like a phone.B . It is energ

17、y-saving.C. It needs to be improved.D . It is wireless.7. What's the purpose of the last paragraph?A . To give cautions about the system.8. To introduce the benefits of the system.9. To call on people to watch out for security risks. D. To teach people to install the system correctly.CBluePlanet

18、II's latest episode （情節(jié)）focuses on how plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastic in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drown

19、ing inplastic.Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happene

20、d so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. Ocean pl

21、astic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of s

22、eabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as

23、 a disaster, worth mentioning in the same breath as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers （否認(rèn)者 ）, at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system.This is not a problem where we don&#

24、39; t know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage.Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things that may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag-when take

25、n collectively, these choices really do make a difference.8 Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science?A The plastics pollution research is too difficult.B Plastics have produced less pollution than coal.C Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up.D The worl

26、d couldn't possibly function without plastics.9 How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3?A By citing quotes from leading experts. B By making a comparison and contrast.C By listing examples from his own experience. D By presenting solid statistics.10 What does the author intend to t

27、ell us in theA We reap what we sow.C All things are difficult before they are easy.11 What is the main idea of the passage?A The oceans become choked with plastic.C BluePlanetII has left viewers heartbroken.last paragraph?B The shortest answer is doing.D Actions speak louder than words.B Ocean plast

28、ic is a global issue.D Plastics gain in popularity all over the world.D“ If I only had a little humility, I d be perfect, ” the media giant Ted Turner supposedly saidsometime in the 1990s. Why be modest? Aristotle said:“ All men by nature desire to know.” Inhumility is a particular instance of humil

29、ity, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations.Intellectual hu mility means recognising that we don t know everything. Actually, it means weshould acknowledge that we're probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out t

30、he sources of wisdom that we lack.The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips.But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist TaniaLombrozo of the University of California explained how technology e

31、nhances our illusions （ 錯(cuò)覺 ） of wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we ll think we ve successfulearned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical pu

32、zzles presented in an unfriendly font （ 字體 ）, for example, can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our brain processes information in a“ smooth ” way. What about all the inform

33、ation that presents online?Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by natur

34、e tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid.At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originatesfrom the egocentric bias - the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or

35、 importance, ignoring the role of chance or the influence of other people livseasc. tTiohnis iosnwthaetirmakes these peoplecredit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forci

36、ng one s view on others.Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people tum into successful adul

37、ts, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesisWithout humility, you are uis that humility, curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life.learn, ” Laszlo Bock, Googles Head of PeoplesO,npoetreast.ion12 The passage is mainly about .A the harm arrogance doe

38、s to usB the key elements to a fulfilling lifeC the significance of intellectual humilityD the way people access information online13 Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it A enables people to think criticallyB offers too much unreliable informationC allows easy access to abundant in

39、formationD makes it hard for people to recall information14 According to Para.3, intellectually humble people .A value others opinions more than their ownB use online information to better themselvesC are unwilling to show their strengthsD prefer to solve difficult problems15 The author will probabl

40、y agree that .A intellectual arrogance is the result of evolutionB intellectually arrogant people often lack team spiritsC successful people are often unaware of their limitationsD circumstances don t favor intellectually arrogant people第二節(jié) （共 5 小題:每小題2 分，滿分 10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多

41、余選項(xiàng)。Fiction books tend to be much more popular than self-improvement books. Fiction books are designed and written in such a way as inspires you to continue reading them. On the other hand, non-fiction books in the self-improvement field are intended to help you settle a problem or reach a specific

42、goal. In most cases, these types of books aren't written in the form of stories. 16 Self-improvement books can open up all kinds of future chances for you. You'll learn new things, be inspired, and develop a deep love for practical knowledge and wisdom. 17You'll be able to use the ideas

43、and advice that you learn in your daily life. And once you do this, you'll be likely to get positive results.18 The secret is to understand your present situation and to have a clear vision of what you hope to achieve in the future. The ideal self-improvement book will be one that fits your pres

44、ent needs. 19 In this way, you can identify all the problems you're facing. Once you've recognized a problem, try to figure out the cause behind it. Then keep the problem and the cause in mind when you come to choose a book.A keyword search of an online bookseller's listing will usually

45、throw up dozens or even hundreds of results. 20 For example, you can read the foreword, look at comments and consider whether the book can give you the answers you need. The whole process may take you some time but it'll be worth it. A . And what's the most exciting thing?B. They read specif

46、ically for self-improvement and success.C. So you need to take a good look at yourself and your life. D. Then, how can we choose a right self-improvement book? E.This leads many people to believe the books are boring to read. F.After picking the book, keep your desired answer in mind as you read. G.

47、However, there are many things you can do to narrow these results down.第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分） 第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Winters are always long and cold in North China. The winter of 2008 was especially tough in onesouthwestern city, 21 it be

48、came extremely cold and itwas also a difficult time for me. What was worse, a（n） 22 injury happened to me and it might keep me in bedfor several months,“ Just in timefor the Spring Festival," my mother said to me, sighing. But how could I fee3 the when the snowwas so heavy and I had months of p

49、hysical 24 ahead?One day I was doing my housework 25 there wasa tap against the window from a branch of the troublesome fruit tree. On hearing this, with my eyes closed, slowly, I began to recall the fall of 1995 when somebody placed apipe from my pump next to the 26 .The earth was so wet that it 27

50、 immediately with most its bare rootsupward. Seeing this, my mother 28 to pull it out, but I refused, "How hard it ' s trying! ” 29 saidhe direction of its strong holding of the earth. 30"It isof a chance to survive. " Wte tools31 dry soilaround the tree and put up some supports i

51、nto the ground, making it 32 upright.Several months had passed before Icould be 33 of it. Surprisingly, when spring returned, my “rescue 34" had grown some leaves and many 35. In 2009 that little rescue stick had growninto a toweringtree. What an unbelievable miracle of life!The day before the

52、Spring Festival, the 36 at thewindow was continuing, the more fierce wind, the 37 sound, as if to remind me to look up and appreciate its powerful life.That night I slept peacefully having a(n) 38 .In the dream some flowers were coming out39. The next morning I stood against the window. 40 the windo

53、w was the tree bursting with life. Anyway, I had awonderful Spring Festival that year.21.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that22.A .admirableB.terribleC.favorableD.slight23.A.dutyB.joyC.coldD.failure24.A.treatmentB.reportC.exerciseD.experiment25.A .whileB.asC.whenD.that26.A.windowB.treeC.branchD.wall27.A .stoo

54、d upB.came outC.got outD.fell down28AdecidedBpretendedCfailedDcontinued29.A.attaching toB.watching overC.looking intoD.pointing to30.A .confidentB.proudC.worthyD.certain31.A.threwB.turnedC.neededD.placed32.A .bendB.dropC.standD.swing33.A.awareB.tiredC.worthwhileD.proud34.A.toolB.stickC.pipeD.pump35.

55、A .rootsB.nutsC.flowersD.stems36.A.tappingB.strikingC.attackingD.hitting37.A .moreB.mostC.betterD.best38.A.ideaB.walkC.restD.dream39.A.politelyB.shylyC.passivelyD.wildly40.A .OnB.OutsideC.InsideD.Besides第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。How to Avoid the Coronavirus? Wash Your H

56、andsAs a New York Times reporter in China, I covered the SARS outbreak in 2002 and 2003 41 a new virus was first detected in Guangdong. My two children attended elementary school in Beijing throughout the outbreak.The International School of Beijing, where my children were students, 42 (be) one of t

57、he few in Beijing that stayed open.The school conducted several simple precautionary43 . (measure): a serious note to parents warning them that students would44 . (screen) for fevers with ear thermometers at the school door. There was no45. (share) of food at lunch. The teacher led the kids to wash their hands46 . (frequent) throughout the day at classroom sinks, while singing a“ hand4washensisonghey 'did more than a quick passunder the faucet (水龍頭)w