HND場(chǎng)學(xué)outcome

1、Marketing is defined as a process of planning and implementing ideas, products, price and services, promoting and distributing products, in order to meet customers ' demand and make profits.The marketing concept consists of five import parts: production, product, selling, marking and societal ma

2、rketing. It's an outside-in approach, while the product philosophy is an inside-out approach. Although they have something in commonboth of them aim at making benefits for the business, their focuses are different.To the marketing concept, organizations must try their best to know well the needs

3、, desires and wants of their customers, for their principle is customer is god”. What' more, they should more effectively integrate the marketing mix ,including product, place, promotion and price, than their competitors, so as to make their products and services better and better to satisfy the

4、se interests, then by promoting and advertising introduce goods to them, in returns consumers will be attracted to buy their goods to meet the interests of organizations.But product philosophy is most concerned about internal capacity, not customers. The definition of internal capacity is the abilit

5、y to handle raw materials and the number of products that all permanent assets of the organization produce, which involves in the production in the planned period and in a given technical condition. To improve the internal capacity, produce goods of the highest quality at the lowest cost and make th

6、e largest profit is its purpose.2. The marketing mix includes four elements: product, price, promotion and place.The explanation of the product element of the marketing mix: in 1986 the range of products of Landed a company of wooden toys aimed at the pre-school market, was greatly limited to wooden

7、 building bricks and jigsaws. Its products could only be sold to small toys shops. However, as the company developed, its range of products has quickly enlarged. But for its former products, it not on-ly added with dolls houses and wooded train sets, but also brought in “Country Cousinsbo oks and a

8、new range of pre-school books. The enrichment and diversity of its range of products made this company bigger and bigger.The explanation of the price element of the marketing mix: a correct pricing policy, a reasonable price is very import in the market competition. For example, on the early 1990s,

9、Landed was rapidly flourished, and the “CountryCousins "books were sold at a premium. But then in order to occupy the favorable position in the competition, the company had to reduce its high price to a competitive level. Now more and more competitors have attended to this market, so in order t

10、hat it can ensure continued distribution, the company is setting about reducing the price lower.The explanation of the promotion element of the marketing mix: the promotion has many aspects,such as advertising, sales promotions, personal selling and direct marketing. The promotional team must come u

11、p with the best promotion policy. The “CountryCousins "books were not well sold by bookshops, so the company sold them to toy retailers.The explanation of the place element of the marketing mix: Landed met with a big opportunity and challenge the Welsh language TV channel SC4 introduced an anim

12、ated program describing an assortment of animal characters collectively known as the ' CountryCousins ' Fortunately, the company won the contract to make a limited range of merchandise featuring the characters, and the popularity of the series, and it gave it a considerable sale.Then the TV

13、proposed a national airing and national launch. In order to continue the patronage, Landeds sales team decided to keep the friendly relationship with existing outlets. They concentrated at retailers and middlemen, connected with established clients for personal selling. Now they very value the adver

14、tisement among children.3.For a privately owned Sports Club, its elements of the marketing mix refer to the followings: product, price, promotion, place, people, process and physical evidence.First, the product of privately owned Sports Club is its service, which opposes to a common product. Service

15、s, unlike physical products, happen "on the spot" and customers like to know what to expect. The privately owned Sports Club offers service to customers, which is essentially intangible and does not result in ownership of anything. The Landed Toy Company products are goods.Second, price, a

16、s we know, price is one of the most flexible elements of the marketing mix. It will be affected by consumers, the trade and the competition. For example, if customers feel the price of the Sports Club is lower than others, most of them may choose this club, while the price of Landed Toys Company pro

17、ducts changes with the situation they have in the market: set premium price (previous) cut the price (now)reducing price (future).Third, promotion is what a company say and do concerning products and services in order to persuade customers and markets to try them. The privately owned Sports Club not

18、 only uses advertising but communicates with customers to help them have a better understanding of the company. Landed Toys Company Landed did very little advertise at first, but now they use newspaper to promote its products originally.The next is place, which not only includes retail store, online

19、 shop but also the movement of goods. If you want to book the ticket of the club, you can buy in the club or online. Landed Toy Company sells its products through a number of intermediates, nowadays it carries out with the idea of mail order selling.Fifth, people are part of the offering service. If

20、 the customers are satisfied with your service, it may have a positive effect on the development of your company. Sixth, processes mean caring about the quality, reducing the queuing systems and service delivery to ensure consistency of service. At last, pysical evidence is the " tangible part

21、of the service, like the facilities in the club.Different from a Landed company, which distributes its products to its customers,Sports Club always has to get its customers to come to it. Those who come to the sports club are pursuing high quality services, although its price is higher. Therefore, S

22、ports Club usually has relatively affluent target market and local promotions meeting the local demands. In this way, it is principal for a sports club to choose a right location.4.The environment in which an organization exits can affect industry or the individual organizations. An internal environ

23、ment is the systems of the company, the effectiveness of which to a great degree rests with its culture, including micro and macro environment, competition intermediaries, and suppliers stakeholders. A micro environment is all those factors which lie beyond the organization, and a successful organiz

24、ation is contributed by those in the microenvironment, for example, the company, the distributors, customers, competitors and public, however, the macro environment indicates the lager forces which affect the way in which an organization operates and over which the organization has little or no cont

25、rol. These can be known acronym PEST.With the changing environment, PEST is also changing: first, in the political aspect: as the international communication developing, it is not simply domestic politics which will have influence on marketing strategy. Second, economically, suppliers have become more and more, as a result, competition has become more and more fierce, this will influence costs, pric