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1、【 2019 最新】精選高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1GreatScientists達標鞏固練含解析新人教版必修5(精選)一、閱讀理解。Animals use many tricks to hide from predators(捕食性動物) While different ,they are all visual animals.Now scientistshave uncovered a fishspecies that uses both visualand chemicaldisguise( 偽裝 ) Rohan Brooker,one of the researcherswho made

2、the discovery said that he first thought of the idea afterreading about a species which takes on the smell of the plantthat iteats.Thus ,itspredators ,ants walk rightoverit.SinceHarlequin Filefish are picky eaters that feed totally off theAcropora a beautiful species of blue/purple coral,Brookertheo

3、rized that they too may be using a similar trick to fooltheir predators.To test his theory,Brooker'steam acquiredsome filefishfrom the Great BarrierReef and dividedthem into two groups.Forthe nextfour weeks ,one groupfed ontheir normaldiet of theAcropora coral ,whiletheotherfedon the Pocillopora

4、coral.Inorder to test if there was any difference in the way theysmelled ,the researchersdid anotherexperiment.Theyfound thesmells from the two groups were different.But there was stilla question of whether the smell was strong enough to protect歡迎下載。the fish from their natural predators.To test that

5、,Brooker's team added a predatory species ofcod( 鱈魚 )to the mix.Sure enough,the cod that were placed inthe tank containingthefishfedon the Pocilloporacoralwereimmediately abletosense them.Incontrast ,thecod inthe tankwhere the fish had been fed on theirnaturaldiettheAcroporacoral ,appeared obliv

6、ioustotheirexistenceand insteadspentmuch of their time inside the tank's caves.This confirmed theteam's suspicionthat the filefishhave figuredouthow togiveoff the smell oftheAcroporacoralto avoidbeingdetected bypredators.1The underlinedword “oblivious” inParagraph 3 may mean“_”Aignorant Bsen

7、sitiveCallergic Dcautious2What statement may Brooker agree to? AFreshwater fish all know the role of smell.BSea animals use smell to cheat their enemies.CThe smell-ba sed disguise may work occasionally.DHumans are really what kind of fish they eat.3What is the passage mainly about?AA way to fight ag

8、ainst predators.BA smell trick of all sea animals.CA fish smells like the coral.DFilefish in the Great Barrier Reef.【2019最新】精選高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1GreatScientis達標鞏固練含解析新人教版必修【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了一項關(guān)于HarlequinFilefish如何通過自身的偽裝來抵御捕食性動物的研究。分析:本句包含Though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句; that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。譯文:盡管這個理論只在Harlequin Filefish身上得到驗證,但

9、 Brooker 猜想這種類型的化學(xué)偽裝在海洋動物身上是相當普遍的。1A 考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)該詞前面的描述及后面的“ andinstead spent much of their time inside the tank's caves”可知,此處為這些鱈魚對于以the Acropora coral為食的魚的存在看起來是不知道的。ignorant“不知道的,愚昧的” ;sensitive“敏感的”;allergic“過敏的”;cautious“謹慎的”。2B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“”可知,Brooker贊同的是海洋動物通過氣味來欺騙它們的敵人。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“ Whi

10、le thesmell - based.insome speciesof freshwater”可排除A;根據(jù)最后一段第二句中的“”可排除C;根據(jù)最后一段第三句“ Sure it gives a whole new meaning to the saying Youare what you eat!”可知,該句中的“ You”指的不是人類,故排除 D。3A考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的 “Animals use manytricksto hide from predators(捕食性動物 ) ”和“ Brooker theorizedthattheytoomay be using asimila

11、r trickto fooltheirpredators”可知,本文主要介紹了抵御捕食性動物的一種方法,故 A 項符合題意。二、語法填空。China will allow all couples to have two children,_1_(give) up its decades-long one-child policy, the Communist3/123/12Party of China (CPC) _2_ (announce) after a key meeting on Thursday.China'sfamilyplanningpolicywas firstintr

12、oducedin thelate 1970s _5_ (control) the rapid _6_ (grow) of thepopulationby limitingmost urban couples _7_ one child,andas to rural couples, they can have two children on conditionthat their firstborn child was a girl. The policy was laterrelaxed.Parents _8_ were both only childrenin theirfamilycou

13、ld have _9_ second child.The one-childpolicywas _10_ (far)loosened in November2013 after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC CentralCommittee, and couples are allowed to have two childrenifoneof them is an only child.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章導(dǎo)讀:本文是一篇說明文, 講述了的“全面二孩”政策的由來。1giving考查非謂語動詞。分

14、析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句子主語 China與 give up 之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)用動詞 -ing 形式作狀語,故填 giving 。2announced考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語on Thursday 可知,本處應(yīng)用一般過去時?!?019最新】精選高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1GreatScientis達標鞏固練含解析新人教版必修4before考查連詞。句意:提議在生效之前必須得到最高立法機關(guān)的批準。 before“在 之前”。5to control考查非謂語動詞。于20 世紀 70 年代晚期開始實施計劃生育政策以控制急劇增長的人口。本處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。6growth考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此

15、處表示控制急劇增長的人口,應(yīng)用名詞作賓語,故填growth 。7to考查介詞。 limit . to .“限定 到 ”是固定搭配。8who/that考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。夫婦雙方均為獨生子女的,還可以再生一個孩子。本處先行詞為parents ,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語,故填who/that 。9a考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞,意為“再,又”。這里指“再生一個小孩,或可生第二個孩子”。10further考查副詞的比較級。根據(jù)句意“一孩政策進一步放松”可知,本處應(yīng)用比較級;由于本處不是表距離,而是表事情的程度,故填 further。三、完形填空。We have all heard of giant

16、 pandas, and know that they are endangered. Whenone has babies, it makes national news _1_, and pictures of their babies are _2_ circulated. But it nowseems that the giant panda is not _3_ of itself. The lovely animals have _4_ a classic test ofself-awareness. They cannot _5_ themselves in the mirro

17、r. Researchers use the mirror recognition test to _6_ whether5/125/12children or animals have a _7_ of self-awareness.In the test, an animal is presented _8_ a mirror.Researchers then watch to see _9_ it notices a mark on itsface,which is only _10_ in the mirror.Ifthe animal noticesthe mark, itoften

18、_11_ it.Humanchildrenoftenpass the testwhen they are only two years old.Many other animals have passed the mirror test, includingmonkeys, Asian elephantsand even pigeons.But when researcherstested pandas, _12_ of them did the same thing as thoseanimals did._13_, each panda behaved as iftheir_14_ int

19、he mirrorwas another panda altogether.They acted as iftheywere _15_ by what they saw in the mirror, scratching theirfeet and walking _16_.The _17_ of this research will help design better areasfor animals in captivity (圈養(yǎng) ). For example,one-directionalglass sometimes used in the areas may _18_ panda

20、s to feelstressed when they see their own image in the _19_. That'sbecause they might believe it to be another panda, _20_themselves.1A.papersCheadlines2A.widelyBDBcoverspagespopularly3A.shyBfondCconsciousDconfident4A.failedBignored【2019最新】精選高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1GreatScientis達標鞏固練含解析新人教版必修CfacedDconduct

21、ed5A.observeBdiscoverCrecognizeDunderstand6A.believe inBfind outCpick outDtake in7A.senseBquestionCopinionDthought8A.forBwithCinDbefore9A.howBwhenCwhyDwhether10A.touchableBseeableCsensibleDpossible11A.dismissesBadmitsCfeelsDmoves12A.allBmostConeDnone13A.ThusBHoweverCInsteadDStill14A.reactionBreflect

22、ionCoperationDimagination15A.trappedBamazedCthreatenedDteased16A.backwardsBaloneCforwardsDalong7/127/12CsuccessDreview18A.causeBprepareCaccelerate19A.eyesBCzooD20A.other thanCbecause ofDBDurgecagesglassregardless ofrather than【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文對大熊貓、兒童還有其他的動物都做了有關(guān)自我意識感方面的研究,結(jié)果顯示大熊貓的自我認知很差,即使照鏡子,它們也認不出

23、鏡子里的自己。1C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“and know that they areendangered”可推知, 當一個大熊貓有寶寶后, 很快就會上國內(nèi)新聞頭條。 C項意為“頭條 ( 新聞 ) ”,符合語境。 A項意為“報紙”; B 項意為“封面”; D項意為“頁碼”,均與語境不符。故選 C項。2A考查副詞辨析。上文提到,當一個大熊貓有寶寶后,很快就會上國內(nèi)新聞頭條; 由此可推知,大熊貓寶寶的照片會被廣泛傳閱。A項意為“廣泛地”, 符合語境。 B 項意為“流行地”; C項意為“特別地”; D項意為“完全地”,均與語境不符。故選A 項。3C考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“a cla

24、ssictestof self-awareness”可知,這里指的是現(xiàn)在看起來大熊貓是沒有自我意識的。 C項意為“有意識的”,符合語境。A 項意為“害羞的”;B項意為“喜歡的”; D項意為“自信的”,均與語境不符。故選C項。4A考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“They cannot. have a_ of se lf-awareness.”可知,可愛的大熊貓沒有通過這種【2019最新】精選高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1GreatScientis達標鞏固練含解析新人教版必修經(jīng)典的自我意識測試。A項意為“失敗”,符合語境。B 項意為“忽視”; C項意為“面對”; D項意為“指揮,引導(dǎo)”,均與語境不符。故選

25、 A項。5C 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“ Researchers use the mirror recognition. ”可知,此處指大熊貓認不出鏡子中的自己。 C 項意為“辨認出”,符合語境。 A 項意為“觀察”; B 項意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”; D項意為“理解”,均與語境不符。故選C項。6B考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指研究者的目的是弄清楚孩子或動物是否有自我認知。B項意為“找到,弄清楚”,符合語境。 A項意為“相信,信任”;C項意為“挑選出”; D項意為“吸收,欺騙”,均與語境不符。故選B 項。7A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指自我認知,是一種感覺。 A項意為“感覺”, a sens

26、e of 為固定搭配,意為“一種 感”,符合語境。 B項意為“問題”; C項意為“觀點”; D項意為“想法”,均與語境不符。故選A 項。8B考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指在實驗中,動物在鏡子中呈現(xiàn)出來。表示使用某種工具,應(yīng)用介詞with 。9D考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指研究者想觀察大熊貓是否能注意到它臉上的記號。故選D項。10B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)常識可知,在自己臉上的標記,只有在鏡子中才能看到。B項意為“可見的”,符合語境。A 項意為“可觸摸的”; C項意為“可覺察的”; D 項意為“可能的”,均與語境不符。故選B 項。11C考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“Many other ani

27、mals havepassed the mirrortest ”可知,此處指如果動物注意到臉上的標記,9/129/12它會感受到這個標記的。 C項意為“感受,感覺”,符合語境。 A 項意為“解雇,解散”; B項意為“承認”; D項意為“移動”,均與語境不符。故選 C 項。12D考查代詞辨析。根據(jù)上文及轉(zhuǎn)折詞“but ”可知,此處指沒有一只大熊貓像其他動物一樣能感受到臉上的標記。故選D 項。13C 考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指“相反,每一只大熊貓表現(xiàn)得就像鏡子里的影像是其他大熊貓”。 C項意為“代替,而不是”,符合語境。A項意為“因此”; B 項意為“然而”; D項意為“仍然”,均與語境不

28、符。故選C項。14B 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)常識可知,鏡子中應(yīng)是映照出的影像。 B項意為“映像,倒影”,符合語境。 A 項意為“反應(yīng)”; C項意為“操作, 手術(shù)”; D項意為“想象”。 均與語境不符。 故選 B 項。15C 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中熊貓的反應(yīng)可知,熊貓表現(xiàn)出好像受到鏡子中“自己”的威脅。 C項意為“威脅”,符合語境。A項意為“使陷入困境, 卡住”;B 項意為“使驚訝”; D項意為“取笑,戲弄”,均與語境不符。故選 C項。16A考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)常識可知,害怕會向后退。A 項意為“向后”,符合語境。 B 項意為“獨自地”; C項意為“向前”; D項意為“一起,沿著”,均與語境不符。故

29、選A 項。17B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指研究的結(jié)果。B項意為“結(jié)果”, 符合語境。 A 項意為“失敗”; C項意為“成功”;D項意為“復(fù)習(xí)”,均與語境不符。故選B項。18A考查動詞辨析。由語境可知,此處指可以成像的玻璃會讓大熊貓感到有壓力。cause sb. to do sth.意為“導(dǎo)致某人做某事”,符合語境。 B項意為“準備”; C項意為“加速”; D項意為【2019最新】精選高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1GreatScientis達標鞏固練含解析新人教版必修“督促”,均與語境不符。故選A 項。19D 考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“ one-directional glass ”可知,

30、 glass 符合語境。故選 D項。20D考查介詞短語辨析。由語境可知,此處指這就是因為大熊貓相信鏡子里是別的大熊貓而不是自己。D項意為“而不是”,符合語境。 A 項意為“除了”; B 項意為“不管”; C項意為“因為”,均與語境不符。故選D 項。四、短文改錯。One day, an old man was returning home after shopping.Suddenly, a bag of waste fell in the sky, nearly hitting himon his head. He was greatly frightening by the unexpectedincident. Dropped the things he had bought

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