固態(tài)發(fā)酵飼料的特性及對育肥豬生長性能及養(yǎng)分消化率的影響(英文)ppt課件

1、Characteristics of Solid-state Fermented Feed and its Effect on Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Growing-finishing Pigs固態(tài)發(fā)酵飼料特性及其對育肥豬生長性能及營養(yǎng)消化率的影響B(tài)yJiankun Hu, Wenqing Lu, Chunlin Wang, Ronghua Zhu and Jiayun QiaoFrom:Asian-Aust.J.Anim.Sci.Vol. 21, No.11:16351641 November 2021 2021.1.24KEY

2、LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAUconcents Introduction Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Conclusion Page 1KEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAUIntroductionPage 21) Antibiotic growth promoters Total ban in European Union2) Fermented raw materials Eliminating anti-nutritional factors; Improving

3、 nutrient digestibility; Enriching the quality of protein The fermentation end products can be incorporatedinto diets as feed ingredientsKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAUIntroduction Page 33) Fermented liquid feed (FLF) newborn piglets Coliforms (feces) Lactic acid bacteria (feces) growing pigs en

4、terobacteriaceae lactic acid bacteria ( stomach )The high concentrations of organic acids in the FLF are believed to be responsible for the reduction in pathogensKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAUIntroductionPage 44) Solid-state fermentation feed(SFF) little literature may have potential to be effi

5、cient in promoting animal health and growth; present study (1) to investigate the nutritional and microbial characteristics of SFF during the fermentation process; (2) to determine the effects of SFF on performance and nutrient digestibility in growing-finishing pigs when fed in the absence of antib

6、iotics. experimentdesignexperimentdesignChemical analysis Determine the fermentation effect Microbiological countsAnimal feeding trialCollecte samplesManufacture of SFFSSF + basal dietantibiotics + basal dietDaily gainDaily intaketotal fecal collectionChemical analysisFeed conversionnutrient digesti

7、bilityKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAUMaterials and MethodsPage 51) Manufacture of SSF 2) Microbiological counts of SFF3) Chemical analysis of SFF samples 4) Animal feeding trial5) Chemical analysis of feed and feces6) Statistical analysisKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Manufacture of SFF P

8、age 6 prepare of liquid culture A mixed liquid bacterial culture, containing: Lactobacillus fermentum LAB 5.03 log cfu/ml (發(fā)酵乳桿菌) Saccharomyces cerevisae Yeastand 5.74 log cfu/ml (釀酒酵母) Bacillus subtilis Bacillus 5.45 log cfu/ml (枯草芽孢桿菌) KEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Manufacture of SFF Page

9、7 prepare of substrateKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Manufacture of SFF Page 8 Mix substrate :liquid culture =10:3 (w/v). Package The mixture was packaged in multi-layer, polythene bags(多層式聚乙烯包裝袋) ; 25 kg per bag; the bag equipped a one-way valve(單向閥 ) to allow release of CO2 produced during

10、fermentationKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Manufacture of SFF Page 9 Fermente Fermentation was performed in bags ； temperature ： 255 Collecte samples day 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 30KEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU2)Microbiological counts of SFFPage 10bacterial incubation media incu

11、bationTEMP tLABMan, Rogosa and Sharp agaranaerobic3736 hEnterobacteria McConkey agaraerobic3724hBacillusMixed Nutrient agar platesaerobic3724hYeastsagar platesaerobic3036hTen-fold dilutions of the SSF feed samplesKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU3)Chemical analysis of SFF samplesPage 11Nutrition a

12、ssay methoddry matterAOAC (1990).crude proteinAOAC (1990).Water-soluble proteinBradford (1976)Short chain fatty acidsGas ChromatographyLactic acidenzymatic kit producedKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU4)Animal feeding trialPage 12 Experimental animal grouping 20 crossbred barrows (DYL) initial bod

13、y weight = 14.11kg The experimental diets Control group :basal diet +antibiotics SFF group : basal diet +SFF basal diet: corn-soybean meal-based control diet Husbandry management Control group SFF group Item14-25 kg25-65 kg65-95 kgControlSSFControlSSFControlSSFIngredientMaize (%)70.060.567.565.070.0

14、70.0Soybean meal (%)20.012.020.011.020.09.0Fish meal (%)6.0-3.0-Wheat bran (%)-2.54.54.05.06.0Soybean oil (%)-1.0-1.0-Solid-state fermented feed (%)-25.0-20.0-15.0Mineral and vitamin premix (%)4.0-4.0-4.0-Nutrient compositionMetabolizable energy (Mcal/kg)3.213.213.223.223.233.23Crude protein (%)18.0

15、418.0216.6316.6614.9914.99Lysine (%)1.201.240.970.960.730.71Calcium (%)0.96.0960.650.650.480.48Total phosphorus (%)0.800.800.510.510.510.50The trial was conducted in three phasesKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU4)Animal feeding trialPage 14 pigpen: stainless steel metabolism crates equipped with a

16、 plastic-coated, totally slatted floor phase: 0.5 m 1.1 m Phaseand phase : 0.6 m 1.4 m Pigs were fed twice daily until full fresh water was available all the times One weak pig in both groups was removed from the experiment during the phase.KEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU5)Chemical analysis of f

17、eed and fecesPage 15 The dry matter, crude protein, calcium and phosphorus in diets or feces were determined according to AOAC(1990) Gross energy feces was measured by an adiabatic bomb calorimeter (Model 1281, Parr, Moline, IL) Lysine in feed samples was determined by High Performance Liquid Chroma

18、tographyKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU6)Statistical analysisPage 16 Data relating to microbial counts and chemical analysis of solid-state fermented feed were calculated using Microsoft Office Excel (2003) Data for nutrient digestibility and performance were analyzed using ANOVA of SAS (SAS Ins

19、titute, 1996)KEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAURESULTS and DISCUSSIONRESULTS and DISCUSSIONPage 17 Microbial characteristics of SFF during fermentation 2) Chemical analysis of SFF 3) Pig performance and nutrient digestibilityKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Microbial characteristics of SFFPage

20、 18LAB (), yeasts (), bacillus () and enterobacteria ()detectable levelKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Microbial characteristics of SFFPage 19 Feed fermentation has been divided into two phases (Canibe)levels LAB yeastsenterobacteria pHphaselowlowbloominghighphasehighhighlowlowKEY LAB OF ANIMA

21、L NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Microbial characteristics of SFFPage 20The final counts of LAB feed/waterpresent trial6.7 log cfu/g10:3 (w/v)FLF9.0-9.4 log cfu/g1:2 -1:2.75 (w/v) The final counts of lactic acid bacteriaKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Microbial characteristics of SFFPage 21 yeast :lactic

22、 acid bacteria = 1:100 the same ratio was summarized by Corsetti and Settanni (2007) in their review on sourdough fermentation.KEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU1) Microbial characteristics of SFFPage 22 The final counts of bacillus = 5.4 log cfu/g lactobacilli counts :significant increase E. coli

23、counts :numerical decrease So the level of bacillus in the SFF used in the present trial should have been sufficient to produce positive effects on pig health. 5.3log cfu/g (Feces)KEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU2) Chemical analysis of SFFPage 23Nutritional characteristics of SFF during fermentat

24、ionSCFA and lactic acid concentration during fermentation Drymatter(%)pHCP(% as fed)WSP(% as fed)WSP/CP(%)Time (d) 066.00.13 6.160.06 30.20.20 8.20.26 27.11.03165.60.52 6.060.01 30.80.14 8.40.16 27.20.65265.20.11 6.020.02 30.30.81 8.40.29 27.70.22365.00.42 5.890.01 30.30.15 8.10.00 26.80.13564.41.44

25、 5.850.04 30.50.69 8.20.32 26.90.45764.40.69 5.850.08 30.70.29 8.00.29 25.90.701064.20.43 5.860.00 30.80.57 8.70.03 28.40.421564.71.36 5.760.05 30.60.08 9.10.55 29.61.872063.90.07 5.790.01 30.30.46 9.20.10 30.40.783064.61.16 5.730.09 31.00.02 9.20.32 29.81.02 Nutritional characteristics of SFF SCFA

26、and lactic acid concentration ItemLactic acidAcetic acidPropionicacidIsobutyric acidButyricacidIsovaleriacidValericacid- mmol/kg -Time (d)015.00.4716.72.230.10.07ND0.90.140.40.150.40.18110.10.5932.61.790.10.08ND0.70.010.50.060.20.01211.20.0033.40.780.30.15ND0.70.220.50.020.20.0638.22 .0046.43.380.30

27、.110.40.020.70.020.50.290.20.0157.60.7134.51.710.30.060.30.200.70.070.40.010.10.0179.71.8242.23.060.60.470.80.650.60.070.30.000.10.021011.70.2432.91.511.10.111.30.060.70.040.40.130.10.001511.50.2446.41.061.61.721.31.440.60.000.20.01ND2010.30.4742.64.511.20.321.20.200.60.000.20.01ND3014.40.5951.32.76

28、2.00.112.42.490.40.090.30.08NDND:Not detectedKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU2) Chemical analysis of SFFPage 26PS: Lactic acid fermentationHomofermentation同型發(fā)酵C6H12O6 2 CH3-CHOH-COOHHeterofermentation異型發(fā)酵PK：C6H12O6 CH3-CHOH-COOH+CH3-CH2OH+CO2HK：2C6H12O6 2CH3-CHOH-COOH+3CH3COOHeg:Lactobacillus fer

29、mentumKEY LAB OF ANIMAL NUTRITION OF JXAU3) Pig performance and nutrient digestibilityPage 27 Effects of SFF on performance of growing-finishing pigs Effects of SFF on nutrient digestibility in growing-finishing pigsItemDietSEMpControlSFF14-25 kgDaily gain (g)392433240.26Daily intake (g)682740360.30Feed conversion1.91.710.080.1225-65 kgDaily gain (g)784759190.35Daily intake (g)1,8501,935330.09Feed conversion2.372.550.050.0165-95 kgDaily gain (g)1,0971,150480.45Daily intake (g)3,4493,6041240.39Feed conversion3.163.150.060.9014-95 kgDaily gain (g)766787230.56Daily intake (g)2,0002,0994