普寧僑中林柔宏必修II精品課件被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、1.The 2012 Olympics wil be held in London.2.A new village for the atheltes and all the stadiums willbe built to the east of London.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作承受者。I (invite) to the concert yesterday.(2)The car (not；make) in China. this library (build) in the 1960s(4)這個(gè)足球隊(duì)是什么時(shí)候時(shí)候建立的？ the fooball team ?（5） las

2、t night?昨晚什么被偷了？was invitedwas not madeWasbuiltWhen was set upWhat was stolenI.I.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句式1.肯定句式肯定句式:主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+2。否定式句式：主語(yǔ)。否定式句式：主語(yǔ)+be+not+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+3.一般疑問(wèn)句：一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+?4.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)副詞（疑問(wèn)副詞（不作主語(yǔ)不作主語(yǔ)）+be+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+? (2)疑問(wèn)代詞（作主語(yǔ)）疑問(wèn)代詞（作主語(yǔ)）+be+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞+?(1)電腦可能明天才能修好。The compu

3、ter by tomorrow.(2) 這些書(shū)禁止帶出閱覽室。These books out of the reading room.(3)所有的房間都要整理好嗎？ all the rooms ?(4) my computer ?我的電腦什么時(shí)候能修好？ might be repairedmustnt be taken Shouldbe tidied upWhen canbe repaired謂語(yǔ)部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的肯定句在be前加情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，否定句則在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not,疑問(wèn)句把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至主語(yǔ)前。II.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)形式The little boy (call) Alvais ca

4、lled1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞I （bring up) by my aunt.was brought up2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞The problem (discuss)at tomorrows meeting.is going to be discussed I (given)a chance to play in this game again.shall be givenWhen the work (finish)?willbe finishedThe final exam (hold) on January 15.is to

5、held3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：will/shall/be going to/ be to +be+過(guò)去分詞 the accident now (look into調(diào)查）？Isbeing looking into4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：am/is/are+being+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞The car (repaire) when you meant to drive it away. was being repaire5.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/were+being +過(guò)去分詞運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)已經(jīng)推遲到下周五了嗎？ the sports meeting until next

6、 Friday?Hasbeen put off6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：has/have+been+過(guò)去分詞The fire (put out熄滅 ）before firefighters arrived?had been put out 7.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：had+been+過(guò)去分詞：過(guò)去分詞：All the photos (develop使顯影 ) by tomorrow?will have been developed8.一般將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：will/shall have been +過(guò)去分詞We cant do it in a day.- .It ca

7、nt be done in a day(by us)1.主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 這種結(jié)構(gòu)在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)為為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，原來(lái)的謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)椤癰e+過(guò)去分詞”形式，原來(lái)的主語(yǔ)在被動(dòng)句中由by引出，有時(shí)可省略。III.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換He sent me an e-mail./He sent an e-mail to me .- .- .An e-mail was sent to me by himI was sent an e-mail by himShe made me a nice cake./She made a nice cake for me .- .A

8、 nice cake was made for me by her.(1)轉(zhuǎn)換為帶有介詞轉(zhuǎn)換為帶有介詞to 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)可以這樣轉(zhuǎn)換的動(dòng)詞主要有可以這樣轉(zhuǎn)換的動(dòng)詞主要有g(shù)ive,send,take,bring等。等。(1)轉(zhuǎn)換為帶有介詞轉(zhuǎn)換為帶有介詞for 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)可以這樣轉(zhuǎn)換的動(dòng)詞主要有可以這樣轉(zhuǎn)換的動(dòng)詞主要有buy,make,find,get等。等。2.”主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)直接賓語(yǔ)“這種結(jié)構(gòu)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般可將兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)中任何一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)作為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。We asked Jenny to sing another song- .Jenny was asked to s

9、ing another song.3.”主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)這種結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)將主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。They say Mary is a kind but strict teacher.- .- .It is said that Mary is a kind but strict teacherMay is said to be a kind but strict teacher4.賓語(yǔ)為從句的主、被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換賓語(yǔ)為從句的主、被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換常用形式主語(yǔ)it替代被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，變?yōu)椤癐t be+過(guò)去分詞+原來(lái)賓語(yǔ)從句” 還可以“s

10、b/sth.be+過(guò)去分詞+to do/be”結(jié)構(gòu)People believe that Jim never tells lies- .- .It is believed that Jim never tells lies.Jim is believed never to tell lies此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞除 say,believe 外，還有consider, declare, expect, know, report, say, suppose, think等Keep the book where it is .- .Let the book be kept where it is .肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：Le

11、t+賓語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞”Dont release the news.- .- .Dont let the news be released.Let the news not be released.否定結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Dont +let+賓語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞 2.Let+賓語(yǔ)+not be+過(guò)去分詞5.祈使句被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)祈使句被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)The commander ordered the soldier to bomb the bridge.- .- .The soldier was ordered to bomb the bridge.The bridge was ordered to be bombe

12、d6.雙重被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)雙重被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)雙重結(jié)構(gòu)）這種結(jié)構(gòu)是指句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和其后非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（如：to do sth. )均為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。The government carried out a policy.- .A new policy was carried out (1)及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞+副詞副詞”型型這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)如pick up ,work out ,find out ,carry out 等變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，可直接把賓語(yǔ)為成主語(yǔ)，然后把短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)形式即可The police have looked into this accident.- .This accident has been look

13、ed into (2) 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞介詞這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)如 look after, , break into ,look into (作“調(diào)查”有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ）7.謂語(yǔ)為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主、被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換謂語(yǔ)為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主、被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換We should pay attention to the following problems.- .- .The following problems should be paid attention to Attention should be paid to the following problems(3)”動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞“或”動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞“型這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)大多

14、能變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)動(dòng)形式，如look down upon(輕視），do away with(廢除；弄死），take care of (關(guān)心，照顧），make use of (利用），make efforts over(努力），play a part in (起作用），pay attentionto(注意）等。有時(shí)可把”動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞“結(jié)構(gòu)中的”名詞”變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。He hasnt done anything until this morning.- has been done until this morning.Nothing8.當(dāng)當(dāng)anybody,anything 等不定式代詞作否定句的

15、賓語(yǔ)等不定式代詞作否定句的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)將其變?yōu)樽優(yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，應(yīng)將其變?yōu)閚obody和和nothing作為被作為被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，而把被動(dòng)句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為為肯定形式。動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，而把被動(dòng)句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為為肯定形式。She made me stand for 2 hours.- .I was made to stand for 2 hours9.感官動(dòng)詞（感官動(dòng)詞（see,watch,notice,hear,feel等）和使役動(dòng)詞等）和使役動(dòng)詞（make,have等）等）用在主動(dòng)句中，后面常接不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要加上to.V. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)

16、1.主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義You idea (sound) great.The clothe (feel) smoothShe (look) young for age.The dish (taste) delicious.soundsfeelslookstastes（1）某些連系動(dòng)詞，如 sound,taste,feel,look,appear,smell,seem,prove等，可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義The door (lock)easily.The cloth (wash)well.The pen (write) smoothly.The book doesnt (sell) well.

17、lockswasheswritessells(2) 有些動(dòng)詞（其主語(yǔ)大多指物）可以表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義1）這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞可用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在“品質(zhì)”或“性能，如lock, shut,open,read, writes,sell,wash,clean,draw,cut, translate等，在句子中常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。這種詞后常有副詞。The war (break out) in 1937.The meeting (take place) next Monday.改錯(cuò)：The story was happened in the 1980s.Heavy rains was occurred during

18、a summer monsoon(季風(fēng)）broke outtakes place2)某些動(dòng)詞表示”發(fā)生”的動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)），如happen,take place,occur,break out,burst out 等沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，但其意義中包含被動(dòng)概念Your application for this post is (在考慮）。under considerationThe project is (由負(fù)責(zé)） a Japanese expert.in the charge of 3）有些介詞短語(yǔ)（under discussion,under control,under construction,un

19、dre repairs, under consideration,in charge of )作表語(yǔ)，其主動(dòng)形式含有被動(dòng)意義。The old man is difficult to be dealed with deal（3）動(dòng)詞不定式前有形容詞light,hard, heavy, easy,difficult,expensive,fit,nice,interesting,dangerous,bitter等，且與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)，用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。This is a hard question (回答）.to answer （4）在“This /That is +名詞” 的句型中，修

20、飾表語(yǔ)的不定式 用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。I have a lot of work .(do)to do（5）作定語(yǔ)用的不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)在句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)， 用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。改錯(cuò)：A manager should be possessed honesty,braveryand creativity. possess1）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為某些狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，如have,own,possess,want時(shí)，不可用被動(dòng)句。不管發(fā)生什么，我們都應(yīng)當(dāng)相互幫助。- .We should help each other whatever happens.你可以隨便吃點(diǎn)魚(yú)。- .You can help yourse

21、lf to some fish.我們及時(shí)趕到了車(chē)站。- .We reached the station in time.The workers demanded pay(加薪水）to get a higher Richard enjoys (listen)to music while working.listening2)當(dāng)句子賓語(yǔ)是反身代詞、相互代詞、表示地點(diǎn)的名詞、不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式等時(shí)，一般不能變成被動(dòng)句。This window Kate yesterday. 這窗戶(hù)是凱特昨天打破的。 This glass . 這塊玻璃是破的。（1）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞多強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，系表結(jié)構(gòu)中過(guò)去）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的過(guò)去分詞多強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，系表結(jié)構(gòu)中過(guò)去分詞，相當(dāng)形容詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。分詞，相當(dāng)形容詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。VI 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別is brokenwas broken by(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)作)(系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示目前的狀態(tài))I by the teachers joke.老師的笑話(huà)使我很感興趣She in maths.她開(kāi)始對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣。 The unfinished .這項(xiàng)工作依然末完成。was interestedbecame interestedwork remained（2）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般由）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)