不定代詞的用法知識點與訓練題

1、不定代詞1. 定義所謂“不定，就是“不確定“不明確的意思，所以不定代詞就是指不明確表示代替某特定名詞或形容詞的代詞，如someone意為“某人，something意為“某事或“某物，many表示“許多人或“許多物，a few表示“幾個人或“幾個事物，等等。1普通不定代詞some; anyfew; littlenone 沒有一個one other 其它的many; mucheither兩者中的一個; neither兩者都不each; everyboth; all some與any一般說來，some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否認句、疑問句和條件句中。如：肯定句：He asked some que

2、stions. 他問了一些問題。否認句：He didnt ask any questions. 他沒有問任何問題。疑問句：Did he ask any questions? 他問了些問題沒有?但是，在表示請求、邀請或征求意見的句子中，希望對方的肯定答復，通常要用 some 而不用any。如： Shall I get some for you? 要我?guī)湍隳眯﹣韱? Since you have plenty of them, why not give her some? 既然你有那么多，為什么不給她一些呢?any 有時也用于肯定句中，表示“任何的意思。如：Any of these may sui

3、t you. 這些中間的任何一個都可能適合你。另外，漢語可說“任何都不，但英語不能說anynot。因為按英語習慣，any總是要出現(xiàn)在否認詞not的后面，而不能出現(xiàn)在它的前面。如：我想任何學生都答復不了這個問題。正：I dont think any student can answer this question.正：I think no student can answer this question.誤：I think any student cant answer this question.第一句用的是notany，故正確;第二句用的是no，相當于notany，也正確;第三句用的是any

4、not，就錯了。 many與much兩者意思相同，都表示“許多，但用法不同，many用于修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞;而much用于修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞。如： Many trees fell in the storm. 在暴風雨中許多樹倒了。 Much money has been wasted that way. 很多錢都這樣浪費了。+不可數(shù)名詞little 幾乎沒有a little 有點兒 few, a few與 little, a little+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)few 幾乎沒有a few 有幾個 He has few friends here,he feels lonely. 他這里沒朋友,他感覺寂寞

5、。 There are a few eggs in the basket. 籃子里有幾個雞蛋。 There is little ink in my bottle,can you give me a little ink?我的瓶子里沒有墨水了,你能給我點兒墨水嗎? This book is a little more difficult than that one. 這本書比那本書難一點。 all與bothall指三者或三者以上的人或物,既可代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞也可代替和修飾不可數(shù)名詞。both指兩個人或物,用來代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞。 Both of my parents like sports.

6、我的父母都喜歡運動。 All of us should work hard.我們都應努力工作. either與neithereither意思是“兩個中間的任何一個；neither意思是“兩個都不。 He wrote to either of them. 他給他們中的一個人寫了信. -Will you go there by bus or by car? Neither. I will go there by train.你坐公車去還是坐轎車去？一個都不坐,我坐火車去。 another,the other the other指兩個人或物中的一個。 He has two daughters. On

7、e is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有兩個女兒，一個是護士，另一個是工人。 another指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三個女兒。一個是護士，另一個是教師，還有一個是工人。 2復合不定代詞 復合不定代詞指的是由some, any, every, no后接thing, one, body等構(gòu)成的一類代詞。somebody某人anybody某人/任何人nobody沒有人eve

8、rybody每人someone某人anyone某人/任何人no one 沒有人everyone每人something某事anything某事/任何事nothing沒有東西everything每一件事 這些復合不定代詞只有名詞的性質(zhì)，可以作主語、賓語等。 I have something to tell you. 我有一些事情要告訴你們。 復合不定代詞如果有其它的形容詞修飾，形容詞必須后置。 Someone has just come to see you. 有個人剛剛來看你。 Theres nothing wrong with the machine. 機器沒有毛病。 當句子的主語是指人的復合

9、不定代詞，如everybody, nobody, anyone等時，其反義疑問句的主語通常用代詞they; 當句子主語是指物的復合不定代詞，如everthing, anything, something, nothing等時，其反義疑問句的主語通常用代詞it。Everybody is here, aren't they? Everything is ready, isn't it? everyone 的意思等同于everybody,只能指人； every one既可指人也可指物。I'd like everyone to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福。I have

10、 kept every one of her letters. 我把她的每一封信都保存下來。練習題1He can't hear you, because there is _ noise here.Avery muchBtoo muchCmuch tooDso many2There isn't _ water in the cup.AanyBmanyCsomeDthe3The bottle is empty. There is _ in it.AanythingBsomethingCnothing4-“There isn't _ water here. Could yo

11、u get _ for me?-“All ringht.Asome; someBany; anyCsome; anyDany; some5There are lots of English books here, and _ of them is easy to understand.AbothBallCeveryDeach6These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me _ one.AotherBothersCthe othersDanother7“Which of the two dictionaries do you like be

12、tter?“I like _ , because they're not useful.AbothBeitherCallDneither8They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest.AanyBsomeCnoneDneither9“Haven't you forgotten _ ?“ _ ,oh, I forgot my bag.Aanything; Excuse meBsomething; Excuse meCsomething; PardonDeverything; Pardon10Be quiet! I have _ to tell you.Aimportant anythingBanything importantCimportant somethingDsomething important11- _ of the boys in Class Four are playing g