小學英語名詞、數(shù)詞專項練習題

1、名詞語法和練習題1. 定義名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞，專有名詞是某個（些）人，地方，機構等專有的名稱，如 Beijing ，China 等。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個抽象概念的名詞，如： book， sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類：1）個體名詞：表示某類人或東西中的個體，如：gun。2）集體名詞：表示若干個個體組成的集合體，如：family 。3）物質名詞：表示無法分為個體的實物，如：air。4）抽象名詞：表示動作、狀態(tài)、品質、感情等抽象概念，如：work。個體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來計算， 稱為可數(shù)名詞， 物質名詞和抽象名詞一般無法用數(shù)目計算，稱為不可數(shù)名詞。2. 名詞

2、復數(shù)的規(guī)則變化（情況，構成方法，讀音，例詞）a. 一般情況在名詞后加 -s清輔音后讀 /s/map-maps濁輔音和元音后讀/z/bag-bags /car-carsb. 以 s, sh, ch, x等結尾的名詞加 -es 讀 /iz/bus-buses/ watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxes c. 以 ce, se, ze,等結尾加 -s讀 /iz/license-licensesd. 以輔音字母 +y 結尾的名詞把變y 為 i 再加 es讀 /z/baby-babiese. 以 o 結尾的名詞，變復數(shù)時：1). 加 s，如：photo-photospi

3、ano-pianosradio-radioszoo-zoos；12). 加 es，如： potato-potatoestomato-tomatoes3). 上述 a 和 b 兩種方法均可，如zero-zeros / zeroes。f. 以 f 或 fe 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時：1). 加 s，如： belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gulfs2). 去 f, fe 加 ves，如： half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thieves3). 上述 a

4、和 b 兩種方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。3. 名詞復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1） child-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethmouse-miceman-menwoman-women注意：由一個詞加man 或 woman 構成的合成詞，其復數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women，如 an Englishman，two Englishmen。但 German不是合成詞，故復數(shù)形式為 Germans；Bowman 是姓，其復數(shù)是 the Bowmans。2） 單復同形，如 deer， sheep，fish，Chin

5、ese， Japanese，yuan 等。4. 名詞所有格1）在英語中有些名詞可以加“ s”來表示所有關系，帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格，例如： Wheres Lin Taos bike?林濤的自行車在哪？2）如果原詞已經(jīng)有復數(shù)詞尾 -s,則僅僅加一個“ ”，例如： teachersoffice 老師的辦公室3）如果是復數(shù)，但不帶詞尾 -s,則仍然加“ s”，例如： those mens hats 那些男士的帽子4）如果表示各自的所有關系時，名詞末尾均需加“ s”，例如： Jims and Kates glasses 吉姆和凱特各自的眼鏡5）如果表示共同的所有關系時， 僅在最后一詞的

6、末尾加 “s”，例如：Jim and Kates kite 吉姆和凱特的風箏（兩個人共同擁有的）26）如果表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時，名詞所有格后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，例如：Shall we go to Meimeis for supper?我們一起到梅梅家去吃飯，好嗎？7）沒有生命的名詞所有格用 of，例如： This is a photo of my family. 這是我家的一張全家福。練習題一 . 圈出下列單詞中的不可數(shù)名詞peach ink water zoo sister coffee knife snow ice tea orange fridge jeep rain

7、 wind car teacher music ear cola watermelon cherry二 . 寫出下列名詞的復數(shù)形式1.watch_ 2.class_3.shelf_4.dog_5.dish_6.child_7.nurse_8.desk_9.boy_10.baby_ 11.tooth_12.eye_13.sheep_ 14.tomato_15.library_16.goose_17.photo_18.telephone_三 .四 .填入所給名詞的適當形式1. We have three_(pen).2. This is an _(apple).3. Where is the_(p

8、encil)?4. There is a little _ in the bottle(juice).5.Are you a _(driver)?Yes, I am.6. There are a few _(watch)on the desk.7. Many_(shelf)are in our school library.8. He has some_(ink).9. The_(girl)in red is Mary.10. How many_(people)are there in your family? Three.將下列名詞按所給例詞的詞義屬性歸類schoolpineapple pa

9、ndajacketpeachcatpenlibraryhattrousers rulerclassroomlemondress tigerplaygroundinkerasershirtelephantballpoint pen computer roomdeerpencil-casesnakeshortssocks1. pencil2. banana3. coat4. wolf5. school building五、 選擇題()1.There is _on the table.b)PlateB.a plateC.plates()2.I can see many _in the garden.

10、A.flowersB.a flowerC.flowers3()3.The_on the hills are all white.A.sheepB.sheepsC.dog()4.These new_are for you.A.skirtB.shoeC.shirts()5.The clock has three_A.legsB.legC.faces()6.They are not in the same_.A.classB.classesC.familys()7.Is this your_?A.a keyB.keysC.key()8.They are having_.A.a classB.Engl

11、ish classC.Chinese class()9.There are so many _in the hall.A.peoplesB.peopleC.a people()10.The_has some nice pictures.A.boysB.teachersC.child()11.The_are dancing at the party.A.womanB.womenC.man()12.The _are in Room408.A.studentB.a studentC.students()13.Whos that_?Shesmy mother.A.manB.womanC.women()

12、14.The_are catching the thief.A.policemanB.policemenC.policemans()15.There are new _in my schoolbag.A.knifeB.knifesC.knives()16._jacket is it?May be its_.A.Who s;TomsB.What;TomsC.Whose;Toms()17.The books are the_.A.teachersB.teachersC.teacher()18.There are a lot of children in the park on_Day.A.chil

13、drenB.ChildrensC.Childrens()19.Is it the twinsbedroom? Yes,it is. It s_bedroom.A.Ann and AnnasB.Ann s and Annas C.Ann and Anna()20.That is _dog.A.TomsB.TomsC.Tom()21._coats are very pretty.A.Jim and TimsB.Jims and TimsC.Jim and Tim()22.They are going to their_home for dinner.A.unclesB.uncleC.uncles(

14、)23.The big room is_.A.the twin sB.twins C.the twins()24.March 8th is_.A.Womans DayB.WomansDayC.Womens Day4六、英漢互譯。1.一位美國醫(yī)生 _2.許多綿羊 _3.不同的季節(jié) _4.一杯牛奶 _5.凱特的家庭照 _6.my uncles friend_7.her cats name_8.the doors of the classroom_9.the twinsmother_10.Lucy and Kates bedroom_小學英語之小學英語數(shù)詞練習題()1 There are _ day

15、s in a yearA three hundred and sixty five B three hundred and sixty-fiveC three hundreds and sixty fiveD three hundreds and sixty five()2 Danny lives in _A room 404B Room 404C404 room D404 Room()3 Jim is in _A class one， grade sixBgrade one， class sixC Class One，Grade SixDGrade One, Class Six()4 The

16、 bike cost me _ yuanA five hundred fortyBfive hundreds fourtyC five hundred and fortyDfive hundred fourty()5 My telephone number is _A eighty eight two forty four zero nineB eight eight two double four O nineC eighty eight two forty-four zero nineDeight eight two four four zero nine()6 Is there any

17、food for us _?A tenB tenthC the tenth Dthe ten()7 Mary is _ girlA. an 8 year oldB 8 一 yearsoldC the 8 years oldDan 8 一 year old()8 What day is today? _A JuneBTuesdayCIt is hotD It s fine()9 What s the date today? _A It s SaturdayB It s JulyCIt s fineD It s JuIy 15()10 What time do you get up every d

18、ay?A It s seven o clockBSeven o clock timeC At sevenD On seven1There are _ days in a yearA three hundred and sixty five B three hundred and sixty-five C three hundreds and sixty five Dthree hundreds and sixtyfive ( )2Danny lives in _A room 404 BRoom 404 C404 room D 404 Room ( )3Jim is in _A class on

19、e， grade six Bgrade one， class six C Class One，Grade Six DGrade One Class Six5( )4The bike cost me _ yuanA five hundred forty B five hundreds fourtyC five hundred and forty D five hundred fourty( )5My telephone number is _A eighty eight two forty four zero nineBeight eight two double four O nineC ei

20、ghty eight two forty-four zero nineD eight eight two four four zero nine( )6Is there any food for us _?A ten B tenth C the tenth Dthe ten( )7Mary is _ girlA. an 8 year old B8 一 yearsoldC the 8 years old D an 8 一 yearold( )8 What day is today? _A June BTuesday CIt is hot D It s fine( )9 What s the da

21、te today?A It s SaturdayBIt s JulyCIt s fineDIt s JuIy 15( )10What time do you get up every day?A It s seven o clockSevenB o clock timeC At seven D On seven一、單項選擇1.The tree istall.A. fourteen footsB. fourteen feetC. fourteen footD. forty foot2.Fifty plus.A. fourty is ninetyB. forty is ninetyC. thirt

22、y is ninetyD. fifty is ninety3.There arestudents in this school.A. four hundred fifty-twoB. four hundreds fifty twoC. four hundred and fifty-twoD. four hundreds and fifty-two4.My home is aboutaway from the school.A. three hundred metreB. three hundreds metresC. three hundred metresD. three hundred m

23、etre5.December isand last month in a year.A.the twelvethB.twelveC.the twelfthD.twelfth6. of the teachers in the school are from colleges.A.Three quartersB.Two-thirdC.Two fifthD.Two-ninth7.There were two world wars duringcentury.A.the twentiesB.the twentiethC.twentiesD.twentieth8.In the forties, his

24、father served in the NewArmy( 新四軍 )，while his mother6worked in theRoute Army(八路軍 ).A. Fourth; EighthB.Four; EighthC.Fourth; eightD.Fourth; eighth9.We are learningnow.A.the twenty-first lessonB.Lesson Twenty-firstC.the 21 th lessonD.Lesson 21 st10.He will stay here for.A.one and half monthB.one and a

25、 half monthC.one months and a halfD.one and a half months11. What s the date today?.It sA.nineB.MondayC.June 5D.11:0012.Would you like to eatapples? No, thank you.A.more twoB.two moreC.two anotherD.two else13.He said he would come back in.A.one or two daysB.o or two daysC.one and two daysD.a day and

26、 two14.How often do you write to your parents abroad? .A.Twice a monthB.Second times a monthC.A second time a monthD.second a time a month15. people died in the traffic accidents in the world.A.Thousand ofB.Thousands ofC.Ten thousands ofD.Ten thousand of16.In the 1850s, aboutwas covered by forest in

27、 the USA.A.thirdB.a thirdC.the thirdD.a thirds17.This is herbirthday, I think.A.twentyB.twentiethC.the twentiethD.the twentys18.Septemberis Teachers Day.A.the tenB.tenthC.the tenthD.the tens19.There arechildren in the country school.A.two thousand five hundred and sixtyB.two thousands five hundred a

28、nd sixtyC.two thousands five hundreds and sixtyD.two thousand five hundreds and sixty20. of the soldiers is about two thousand.A. A number B. The number of C. A great number D. The biggest numbers of一、 15BBCCC610ABAAD1115CBAAB16 20BBCAB71.序數(shù)詞的構成及其說明1）序數(shù)詞第一、第二和第三為first, second和 third, 其他序列數(shù)詞的構成是在基數(shù)詞后

29、加 -th。例如：six sixthseven seventhten tenthfour fourth2)fifth( 第五 )、eighth(第八 )、ninth( 第九 )和 twelfth( 第十二 )在拼法上有變化。3）二十、三十等基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時，要把y 變成 ie 再加 -th。例如：twenty twentieth5twentiiWforty fortiethfC:tiiW4)基數(shù)詞幾十幾變成序數(shù)詞時，表示幾十的數(shù)詞不變，只把表示幾的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞。例如：twenty-one twenty-first forty- five forty-fifth5)第一百、第一千、第一百萬

30、、第十億都是在基數(shù)詞后直接加-th 構成。例如：第一百 hundredth第一千 thousandth第一百萬 millionth第十億 billionth6)序數(shù)詞的縮略形式是由阿拉伯數(shù)字加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母構成。例如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st, 32nd, 40th2.序數(shù)詞在句子中的應用序數(shù)詞在句中主要是充當定語， 也可以作主語、表語、賓語，前面要加定冠詞the。例如：The first time I came to China, I liked it very much.我第一次來中國，我就非常喜歡這個國家。The first is always better

31、 than the second.第一總是比第二好。She will choose the third.她將選擇第三。1.基數(shù)詞的構成及其說明1）112 是獨立的單詞。即：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve2)1319,多數(shù)在末尾加 -teen,但應注意 13、 15、18 的拼寫形式。例如：13 thirteen14 fourteen15 fifteen16 sixteen17 seventeen 18 eighteen19 nineteen3)從 20 90 整十位數(shù)，多數(shù)在詞尾

32、加 -ty，但要注意 20、 30、40、50 和 80 的拼法。例如：20 twenty30 thirty40 forty50 fifty60 sixty70 seventy80 eighty90 ninety4)2199 是由幾十和幾合起來構成，中間加連字符（-）。例如：21 twenty-one32 thirty -two55 fifty -five74 seventy-four86 eighty-six99 ninety-nine5)101 999 等三位數(shù)中，十位數(shù)或個位數(shù)的前面加and。例如：101 a(one)hundred and one230 two hundred and

33、thirty513 five hundred and thirteen8678 six hundred and seventy999 nine hundred and ninety-nine6)1,000 以上的數(shù)，要用計數(shù)逗點，即從個位開始，每隔三位數(shù)加一逗點，第一個逗點處是 thousand(千 )，第二逗點處是 million( 百萬 )，第三個逗點處是 thousand million( 英)或 billion( 美)（十億）。例如：一千 1，000a(one)thousand4,596 four thousand five hundred and ninety-six 一萬 10，000ten thousand18,261 eighteen thousand two hundred and sixty-one 十萬 100， 000a(one)hundred thousand766,132 seven hundred and sixty-six thousand one hundred and thirty-two 一百萬 1， 000， 000a(one)million4,538,536