高中生物 第7章 第2節(jié) 現(xiàn)代生物進化理論的主要內(nèi)容課件 新人教版必修2 (36)

1、必修必修 1 Unit 2 English around the world 重重 點點 單單 詞詞1. _ adj. 官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的 n.官員2. _ adv. 官方地 _ n. 航行；航海3. _ adj. 本國的；本地的n.本地人；本國人4. _ adv. 實際上；事實上 _ adj. 真實的；實際的5. _ vt. 以為根據(jù) n.基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)_ adj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的6. _ adj. 逐漸的；逐步的_ adv. 逐漸地；逐步地7. _ n. 拼寫；寫法_ vt. 拼寫8. _ n. 詞匯；詞匯量9._ adj. 較后的；后半的；（兩者中）后者的 _ adj. 最新的；最

2、近的officialofficiallyvoyagenativeactuallyactualbasebasicgradualgraduallyspellingspellvocabularylatterlatest學生用書見P6 重重 點點 單單 詞詞 adj. 后期的 adv.后來 adv. 近來；最近10. n. 本身；身份 vt. 辨認 adj. 可辨認的11. adj. 流利的；流暢的 adv. 流利地；流暢地 n. 流利，流暢12. adj. 頻繁的，常見的 adv. 常常；頻繁地 n. 頻率13. n. 使用；用法；詞語慣用法14. n.& vt. 命令；指令；掌握 n. 司

3、令 n.& vt. 請求；要求16. n. 詞語；表示；表達; 表情 vt. 表達laterlatelyidentityidentifyidentifiablefluentfluentlyfluencyfrequentfrequentlyfrequencyusagecommandcommanderrequestexpressionexpress 重重 點點 單單 詞詞17 adj. 東方的；東部的18. vt. 辨認出;承認；公認 n. 認出 adj. 可辨認的19. n. 口音；腔調(diào)；重音20. adv. 直接；挺直 adj.直的；筆直的；正直的easternrecognizerec

4、ognitionrecognizableaccentstraight 重重 點點 短短 語語1._ 因為；由于2._ 走近；上來；提出3._ 以為基礎(chǔ)4._ 現(xiàn)在；目前5._ 利用；使用6._ 例如；像這種的7._ 扮演一個角色；參與8._ 盡管；即使9._ 許多的；大量的10._ 世界各地11._ 在十六世紀末12._ 一大塊13._ 母語14._ 引來；引起；吸收becaus e ofcome upbe based onat presentmake use ofsuch asplay a part (in)even if/thougha large number ofall around

5、the worldat the end of the 16th centurya block ofmother tonguebring in 重點重點 句型句型1. 疑問詞+do you think+（主語+）謂語Which country do you think has the most English learners?（教材P9）2.even if/thoug 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. （教材P10

6、）3.more.than.與其說倒不如說It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.（教材P10） 重重 點點 句句 型型4.no such+單數(shù)名詞Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. (教材P13)5.way表示方式、方法，后接定語從句However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. （教材P13） 語語 法法

7、 要要 點點直接引語和間接引語（）：請求與命令“Look at this example,” the teacher said to us. The teacher told us to look at that example. The teacher told us to look at that example.“Would you like to see my flat?” she asked. She asked me to see her flat. She asked me to see her flat.actually adv.實際上；事實上Actually all lang

8、uages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. (教材P10)事實上，當不同文化互相交流滲透時，所有的語言都會有所變化、有所發(fā)展的。1 表示“實際上，事實上”還有以下一些短語：in fact/as a matter of fact/in reality/in effect He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous. 他看起來很鎮(zhèn)定，但實際上卻非常緊張。 Everyone likes the stranger, but in reali

9、ty he is a criminal. 每個人都喜歡這位陌生人,其實他卻是個罪犯。 The two methods were in effect identical. 那兩個辦法實際上是一樣的。 表示“實際上，事實上”還有以下一些語：in fact/as a matter of fact/in reality/in effectbase vt.以為根據(jù)或基礎(chǔ) n.基地；基礎(chǔ)It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. （教材P10）當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)，而不是我們今天所說的英語。2 base.on

10、. 以為根據(jù)/基礎(chǔ) on the base of 以為基礎(chǔ) a military base 軍事基地(3) basic adj. 基本的,基礎(chǔ)的(1)(2) You should base your conclusion on careful research.你應(yīng)該根據(jù)嚴謹?shù)难芯康贸鼋Y(jié)論。 We will stick to international climate change negotiation, and work with others to protect our globe based on the principle of common but differentiated

11、responsibilities.中國將繼續(xù)積極參與氣候變化國際談判，根據(jù)“共同但有區(qū)別的責任”原則，與國際社會一道共同呵護人類賴以生存的地球家園。 This provides a good base for the development of techniques. 這為科技發(fā)展提供了很好的基礎(chǔ)。 At the base of the mountain we built a new house.我們在山腳下建了一所新房子。3 give a command 發(fā)布命令 in command of 指揮 take command of 控制；擔任的指揮 at sbs command （由）某人指

12、揮；聽某人的支配 have a good command of. 精通，掌握(2) command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that sb.(should) do sth. 命令做command n.& vt.命令；指令；掌握Can you find the following command and request from Reading?（教材P12）你能從閱讀部分中找出下列“命令”和“請求”嗎？(1) The armed police arrived and took command of the situation.武裝警察到達后就控制了局

13、勢。 Applicants will be expected to have a good command of computer skills.申請人必須熟練掌握電腦技能。 He commanded the soldiers to shut the gate.他命令士兵們把大門關(guān)上。 The teacher commanded that he (should) go out of the classroom. =The teacher commanded him to go out of the classroom. 老師命令他離開教室。4request n.& vt.請求，要求Ca

14、n you find the following command and request from Reading? （教材P12）你能從閱讀部分中找出下列“命令”和“請求”嗎? make (a) request for 請求，要求 at sb.s request=at the request of sb. 應(yīng)某人之要求 by request 應(yīng)邀 be in request 有需要；受歡迎 on/upon request 一經(jīng)請求 sb.to do sth. 請求/要求某人做某事 that.(should) do sth. 請求做某事 sth.from/of sb. 向某人請求某物(2) r

15、equest(1) I made a request that the students should be well prepared for the exam.我要求學生對考試做好充分的準備。 At the request of the police officer, he got out of the car. 在警察的要求下，他下了車。 That famous singer sang again by request.那個著名的歌手依大家要求再次獻唱。 You are requested not to smoke in the library.請不要在圖書館吸煙。 She reques

16、ted that no one (should) be told of her decision. 她要求不要向任何人談起她的決定。 Mary requested an MP4 from her father. 瑪麗向她爸爸要了一個MP4。recognize vt.認出，辨認出；承認，公認Although many Americans move a lot，they still recognize and understand each others dialects.（教材P13）雖然許多美國人經(jīng)常搬家，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e和理解彼此的方言。5recognize sb./ones voice

17、 認出某人/聽出某人的聲音 recognize sb./sth.as/to be. 承認某人/物是 be recognized as. 被公認為/承認是 recognize sth./that. 承認/認識某事物 recognition n. 認出；認識 out of/beyond recognition 認不出來(2)(3) The moment I answered the phone, I recognized his voice. 我一接電話，就聽出了他的聲音。 We all recognize him to be a good teacher. 我們都承認他是一個好老師。 Linco

18、ln is recognized as one of the greatest presidents in America.林肯被認為是美國最偉大的總統(tǒng)之一。 I recognize that I am not fit for the job. 我承認我不適合這項工作。1come up 走近；上來；提出 Yes， Id like to come up to your apartmen（教材P10）好的，我很樂意到你的公寓去。結(jié)合下面例句體會come up的不同含義： A beggar came up to us and asked for money. 一個乞丐走過來向我們要錢。 The qu

19、estion of wage increases came up at the board meeting.增加工資問題已在董事會上被提出。 I shall write to you if anything comes up. 如果發(fā)生了什么事情我將寫信告訴你。 I sowed some seeds last week, but they havent come up yet.上星期我種了點種子，但現(xiàn)在還沒長出來。 When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.當月亮升起時，年輕人開始了他們的慶祝會。溫馨提示溫馨

20、提示：come up在指“問題，建議或方案等被提出”時為不及物動詞短語，其主語通常為物，無被動語態(tài)；come up with則為“提出”，為及物動詞短語，主語通常為人，賓語為表示“建議，計劃，方案等”的名詞。2make good/full/little use of 好好充分不充分利用make the best/most of 最佳利用take full advantage of 充分利用make use of 利用；使用So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before

21、. （教材P10）所以到17世紀初的時候，莎士比亞能夠使用比以往任何時候都豐富的詞匯。 The key is to make use of all possible means to market your idea.關(guān)鍵是要利用各種手段來推廣你的看法。 You should be outside making the most of the sunshine. 你應(yīng)該到戶外盡量多曬曬太陽。1“疑問句疑問句+do you think+(主語主語+)謂語謂語”句式句式Which country do you think has the most English learners?(教材P9)你認

22、為哪個國家學英語的人最多？句中含有一個重要的句式，即：疑問句+do you think/believe/expect/suppose/imagine/say/suggest+(主語+)謂語。 What do you imagine he is doing now?你認為他此時正在干什么？ Where do you expect he has gone?你想他會到什么地方去了呢？ When do you suggest he will come?你以為他會什么時候來？2even if 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Native English speakers can understand each othe

23、r even if they dont speak the same kind of English. （教材P10）以英語作為母語的人，即使他們講的不是同一種英語，也能彼此聽懂。比較：比較： Do you remember when he left?你記得他是什么時候離開的嗎？ Do you know who came to school first this morning?你知道今天早晨誰最先來嗎？even if 即便，即使Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same

24、kind of English. （教材P10）以英語作為母語的人，即使他們講的不是同一種英語，也能彼此聽懂。even if=even though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 Even if we could afford it, we wouldnt go abroad for our vacation.即使我們付得起這筆錢，也不出國度假。 I wouldnt lose courage even if I should fail ten times.即使要失敗十次,我也絕不灰心。(1) even so 盡管如此；即使這樣 There are a lot of spelling mistakes;

25、even so, its quite a good essay.盡管有許多拼寫錯誤，它仍不失為一篇佳作。(2) even now/then 甚至到現(xiàn)在（那時）；即使是這樣（或那樣）；盡管如此（或那樣） Ive shown him the photos but even now he wont believe me.我把照片給他看了，即便是這樣他仍然不相信我。 拓展延伸拓展延伸3more.than. 與其說倒不如說It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.（教材P10）當時的英語更多的是以德語為基礎(chǔ)，而不是我

26、們今天所說的英語。(1)more than名詞： 不僅僅，不只是(2)more than數(shù)詞： 超過，多于(3)more than形容詞/副詞： 非常，十分，與very同義 I was more angry than worried when they didnt come home.他們沒有回家，與其說我擔心倒不如說我生氣。 It was more the way he said it than what he said that made her sad.造成她不愉快的原因，與其說是他所說的話，倒不如說是他的說話方式。 He is more than a scientist； he is

27、also a poet.他不僅僅是位科學家，還是一位詩人。 In America, for example, the president cant receive present more than $75.以美國為例，總統(tǒng)不能接受超過75美元的禮物。 Im more than happy to take you there in my car.我非常樂意用我的車帶你去那里。.品句填詞品句填詞（用所給詞的恰當形式或根據(jù)語境寫一個合適的詞）1.If we persist in this practice, (gradual) well learn how to express ourselves

28、 in English.【答案】1.gradually2.Ive known Barbara for years. Since we were babies, (actual). 【答案】2.actually3. (frequent), she would find herself looking out of the window lost in thought. 【答案】3.Frequently4.He received the award in (recognize) of his success over the last year. 【答案】4.recognition5.He mad

29、e a request that all the damaged parts (replace) at the cost of the shipping company. 【答案】 5.(should) be replaced 6.The plane crashed four days ago, but theyre still holding out hope of finding more (survive). 【答案】6.survivals/survivors7.If your job is to design things, and there is no such thing bea

30、uty, then there is no way to get better at your job.【答案】7.as8.The (express) on her face told me that she didnt want to discuss it. 【答案】8.expression9.Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the .【答案】latter/

31、former10.I am convinced that weve reached greater understanding. And that understanding serves the base for whatever we expect to do together.【答案】as.單句改錯單句改錯（含詞匯和本單元的語法）1.His business went under because competition from the large corporations.【答案】【答案】because后加of2.Many families do not permit guests t

32、o help at all on the first visit, but if they become frequently guests in the house, they gradually join in the various daily activities of the family.【答案】【答案】frequentlyfrequent3.The boss commanded that his workers would not leave their office before dark.【答案】【答案】wouldshould/或去掉would4.You would take

33、 things as they came. All you had to do was to think a little harder and come up a new solution.【答案】【答案】come up后加with5.While he chatted with other tourists, I exchanged conversation in the darkness with a man seated in front of me, a Belgian who spoke fluently English.【答案】【答案】fluentlyfluent6.Were it

34、 left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the later.【答案】【答案】laterlatter7.A celebrity is a person who works hard all his life to become well-known, then wears dark glasses to avoid recognized. 【答案】avoid后加being8.The girl made uses of some waste cloth and made a skirt for the doll.【答案】usesuse9.They also requested him pay more attention to the details in design and make better use of natural air and sunlight to make the new buildings more comfortable and energy saving.【答