物聯(lián)網(wǎng)-工業(yè)-德國(guó)-工業(yè)-工業(yè)0計(jì)劃

1、座網(wǎng)費(fèi)中.非計(jì)U機(jī)設(shè)帽很快構(gòu)占詭大部分a遙些設(shè)葡市場(chǎng)底大，機(jī)部京牌電甘軍*妨板皿貨陽Il¥!Si£fcSource： FonosierE1可芒的In拒rnel設(shè)備工業(yè)4.0工業(yè)4.0 (Industrie 4.0)是德國(guó)政府高技術(shù)戰(zhàn)略 2020確定的十大未來項(xiàng)目之一，并已上升為國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略，旨在支持工業(yè)領(lǐng)域新一代革命性技術(shù)的研發(fā)與創(chuàng)新。工業(yè)4.0簡(jiǎn)介工業(yè)4.0 ”研究項(xiàng)目由 地!L聯(lián)邦教研部與聯(lián)邦經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)部聯(lián)手資助，在德國(guó)工程院、弗勞恩霍夫協(xié)會(huì)、西門子公司 等德國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界和產(chǎn)業(yè)界的建議和推動(dòng)下形成，并已上升為國(guó)家級(jí)戰(zhàn)略。德國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府投入達(dá) 2億歐元。德國(guó)政府提出 工業(yè)4.0 ”戰(zhàn)

2、略，并在2013年4月的漢諾威工業(yè)博覽會(huì)上正式推出，其目的是為了提高德國(guó)工業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，在新一輪工業(yè)革命中占領(lǐng)先機(jī)。該戰(zhàn)略已經(jīng)得到德國(guó)科研機(jī)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)業(yè)界的廣泛認(rèn)同，弗勞恩霍夫協(xié)會(huì)將在其下屬6 - 7個(gè)生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的研究所引入工業(yè)4.0概念，西門子公司已經(jīng)開始將這一概念引入其工業(yè)軟件開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)控制系統(tǒng)。12工業(yè)4.0內(nèi)涵工業(yè)4.0概念包含了由集中式控制向分散式增強(qiáng)型控制的基本模式轉(zhuǎn)變，目標(biāo)是建立一個(gè) 高度靈活的個(gè)性化和數(shù)字化的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)的生產(chǎn)模式。在這種模式中，傳統(tǒng)的行業(yè)界限將消失，并會(huì)產(chǎn)生各種新的活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域和合作形式。創(chuàng)造新價(jià)值的過程正在發(fā)生改變，產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈分工將被重組。德國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)界和產(chǎn)業(yè)界認(rèn)為，工業(yè)4.0

3、'概念即是以智能制造為主導(dǎo)的第四次工業(yè)革命，或革命性的生產(chǎn)方法。該戰(zhàn)略旨在通過充分利用信息通訊技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間虛擬系統(tǒng)一信息物理系統(tǒng)(Cyber-Physical System)2相結(jié)合的手段，將制造業(yè)向智能化轉(zhuǎn)型。工業(yè)4.0項(xiàng)目主要分為兩大主題，一是智能工廠”，重點(diǎn)研究智能化生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)及過程，以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)化分布式生產(chǎn)設(shè)施的實(shí)現(xiàn)；二是智能生產(chǎn)”，主要涉及整個(gè)企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)物流管理、人機(jī)互動(dòng)以及3D技術(shù)在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中的應(yīng)用等。該計(jì)劃將特別注重吸引中小企業(yè)參與，力 圖使中小企業(yè)成為新一代智能化生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的使用者和受益者，同時(shí)也成為先進(jìn)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)的創(chuàng)造者和供應(yīng)者。3工業(yè)4.0月標(biāo)德國(guó)制造業(yè)是世界上最具

4、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的制造業(yè)之一，在全球制造裝備領(lǐng)域擁有領(lǐng)頭羊的地位。這在很大程度上源于德國(guó)專注于創(chuàng)新工業(yè)科技產(chǎn)品的科研和開發(fā)，以及對(duì)復(fù)雜工業(yè)過程的管理。德國(guó)擁有強(qiáng)大的設(shè)備和車間制造工業(yè)，在世界信息技術(shù) 領(lǐng)域擁有很高的能力水平,在嵌入式系統(tǒng)和自動(dòng)化工程方面也有很專業(yè)的技術(shù),這些因素共同奠定了德國(guó)在制造工程工業(yè)上的領(lǐng)軍地位。通過工業(yè) 4.0戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施，將使德國(guó)成為新一代工業(yè)生產(chǎn)技術(shù)（即信息物理系統(tǒng)） 的供應(yīng)國(guó)和主導(dǎo)市場(chǎng)，會(huì)使德國(guó)在繼續(xù)保持國(guó)內(nèi)制造業(yè)發(fā)展的前提下再次提升它的全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 力。3fraunhoferffi究所的Dr.-lng. Olaf細(xì)皖喂文指出；在當(dāng)前工業(yè)界數(shù)字寸技術(shù)的應(yīng)用推廠/然不修 深入，為了

5、提高德國(guó)工業(yè)整年水平與產(chǎn)品竟?fàn)幜Γ@一點(diǎn)必領(lǐng)加搔。打開未來I廠豹朝匙關(guān)健在于信 息技術(shù).因?yàn)樵谑裁词俏磥硐鳒p訪斷夬定因素的討論中，/起吏高的牛產(chǎn)率和曹可邪的機(jī)器與廠 腭,更需婆的是制造商能旃提忸深廢理醉客戶需求的一報(bào)孑解決方霧（ Ccrrprehensive-為此的應(yīng)對(duì)之第就是基二ICT【信息通信技術(shù)）構(gòu)津能為用戶提供與舟品相關(guān)聯(lián)的各種眼努“據(jù)中國(guó)斛學(xué)自動(dòng)化聯(lián)圍秘書姓的易能立方總經(jīng)理王建介算 .工業(yè)40其實(shí)就是全鞭洲將要推進(jìn) 的第四枚工業(yè)革命.上一次（第三沁 坦k革命的椅志是以數(shù)控和暨為代衰由自動(dòng)化應(yīng)耳 而這 詼新的革命捋以CF3 （Cy婦Fhys匚司3四EE與信息物理桁斜 作為新的驅(qū)動(dòng)力&q

6、uot;工業(yè)時(shí)常具體 呈現(xiàn)出智慧生產(chǎn)1綠色生產(chǎn)、和城市化即臘的斯特點(diǎn)，傳統(tǒng)的行業(yè)界限苗肖失，并會(huì)產(chǎn)生昏種新的浴 珀領(lǐng)域和合作形孟創(chuàng)造新價(jià)值的迫程正在度主改變，產(chǎn)業(yè)彼分工將被重血王建列frajnnofer研 究所對(duì)于實(shí)現(xiàn)_1_業(yè)4 0目標(biāo)削具停爹毒指標(biāo)俺述包拾1智能化設(shè)鑿可完成高精密、拔高真童地制造務(wù)最 種、小批重產(chǎn)品：2.80%的創(chuàng)新將由ICT驅(qū)虱商智能制造、綠色制it、城市化制造；3一依覆CPS系 統(tǒng)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)和服務(wù)陶，對(duì)大敝據(jù)流的親集和分析將促注資源節(jié)約型制造；，基于CPSZL業(yè)輔助系統(tǒng)用 于培訓(xùn)下一代智理工廠的工人；5一增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)系,支持個(gè)人化工作矗和對(duì)新制始工藝的快速學(xué)習(xí).對(duì)于工業(yè)4暖景的

7、亮相德國(guó)工業(yè)界做出了積極地響應(yīng).比如，酉門子展示了自身推進(jìn)工業(yè)4。 的具體行凱這包括以全集成自動(dòng)化TIAV12JK本、斯一代控器Sinam 7-1500、It對(duì)電氣皆動(dòng)應(yīng)用 的村全集成驅(qū)或系統(tǒng)* （IDS）毓念，以信息技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)的狀態(tài)監(jiān)控報(bào)務(wù)，以及通過虛擬生產(chǎn)規(guī)劃降低 產(chǎn)線機(jī)器人能耗高達(dá)50%等展示等."西門子指出當(dāng)前約了5或名軟件工程師是其在ICNE動(dòng)制造 業(yè)自劫優(yōu)創(chuàng)新上的最大資本。Spimes, Cyber Physical Systems and Industrie 4.0 1收孩人：JMO7*O9十關(guān)注 2013-08-95147轉(zhuǎn)：3|分享力|未瀝 A 田The term

8、spimes was introduced by Bruce Sterling in 2005.According to him, spimes are manufactured objects that start out in a different way from traditional objects and end up as data. From- their origin to their recycling, he states, spimes form 'material 、 instantiations of an immaterial system, 2The

9、physical object is increasingly being created and integrated into the virtual environment of interconnected and communicating networks Throughoir its lifetime the behaviour of the spime in terms of time place and performance is able to be tracked and analysed within the virtual retworks in which it

10、is linked.Industrie 4.0In Europe Germany s not only the lead ng country in the field of industrial production but also in tne production of industrial components. It also closely monitors the developments towards an Industrial Internet of Things and Cyber Physical Systems and has come up with its ow

11、n answer in the form of Industrie 4 0 The German vision is based on the notion that after mechanisation, electnfication and IT-as a result of the integration of the Internet of Things and Services in the industrial environment 一 a fourth revolution is aboil to be set in motion. The basis tor this vi

12、sion lies in the conviction that in the future. businesses will establish global networks that incorporate their machinery, warehousing systems and production facilities in the shape of Cyber Phys cal Systems'.h these g obal networks, three points of departure are keyhorizontal integration in va

13、lue networksend-to-end digital integration of components within the networkvortical integration of production systems interconnected by means of networks.In the German vision the development of Industrie 4 0 forms an evolutionary process in which existing technologies and knowledge arc adapted to th

14、e now and specific demands of developing, producirg and maintaining products linked together via networks.Net-centric workingAs already stated the hybridisation of man and technology; organisation and technology, and society and technology has become an irreversible process 6. Whether v/e welcome it

15、 or not. our world is being digitised and interconnected in nerv/orks at enormous speed Slowly but surolv, within these networks, the traditional boundaries between man and machine are becoming blurred. Commun cation in these networks is done by exchanging and shanng information. And it is becoming

16、increasingly accepted for this information to be used by man and machine to function, to take action, or to produce goods and services. The time has corne for more attention to be paid to the consequences and possibilities that this process of hybndisaton is bringing with it for us as individuals, f

17、or organisations, and for societ) as a who e. I believe that this process of hybridisaton cannot be reversed Stioiitngfor itro stop or to be regulated is like demanding that electricity or telephony be forbidden. We owe it to ourselves to pay more attention io the way in which we wish to develop and

18、 funaionin a net-centric world as individuals, organisatons and soaety. I am convinced that this will provide more than enough space for further qrov/th and development.1 Securing the future of German manufaauing industry. Recomn)endations foi implementirxj the strategic initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0. Apnl 20