乳腺癌干細(xì)胞突變與腋窩淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的相關(guān)性

1、Correlation of Breast Cancer Axillary Lymph Node MetastasesWith Stem Cell Mutations乳腺癌干細(xì)胞突變與腋窩淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移的相關(guān)性Background lIn stem cell theory, breast cancer stem and progenitor cells (BCSCs) are central to cancer proliferation, metastaticpotential,andoutcomemeasures. Breast cancer stemandprogenitor cells h

2、ave the capacity to initiate tumors, produce multipletumorcell lineages,andmaintain a continuous population of malignant stem cells through self-renewal.lPrevious research found no oncologic abnormalities in stem and progenitor cells in benign breast tissue; however, oncogenes in thePI3K/Akt signali

3、ngpathwaywere identified instemand progenitor cell populations in breast cancer.l乳腺癌干細(xì)胞和祖細(xì)胞 (BCSCs) 是癌癥增殖、轉(zhuǎn)移潛能及轉(zhuǎn)歸結(jié)局的中心因素。乳腺癌干細(xì)胞和祖細(xì)胞可分化產(chǎn)生多種腫瘤細(xì)胞系，并通過(guò)自我更新而維持惡性干細(xì)胞群的延續(xù)。 l在乳腺癌干細(xì)胞和祖細(xì)胞群中發(fā)現(xiàn) PI3K/Akt 通路涉及到細(xì)胞增殖、信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)、轉(zhuǎn)移潛能等功能，也是目前乳腺癌臨床試驗(yàn)青睞的化療靶點(diǎn)。Purpose lMutations in oncogenes AKT1, HRAS, and PIK3CA in breast ca

4、ncers result in abnormal PI3K/Akt signaling and tumor proliferation. They occur in ductal carcinoma in situ,in breast cancers, and in breast cancer stem and progenitor cells (BCSCs).lTo determine if variability in clinical presentation at diagnosis correlates withPI3K/Akt mutations in BCSCs and prov

5、ides an early prognostic indicator of increasedprogression and metastatic potential.l在乳腺癌中，癌基因 AKT1、HRAS、PIK3CA 的突變會(huì)導(dǎo)致PI3K/Akt 信號(hào)通路傳導(dǎo)異常和腫瘤異常增殖。這種現(xiàn)象常見(jiàn)于浸潤(rùn)性導(dǎo)管癌以及乳腺癌干細(xì)胞及祖細(xì)胞 （BCSCs）中。 l本實(shí)驗(yàn)主要研究乳腺癌干細(xì)胞（BCSCs）中 PI3K/Akt 信號(hào)通路的突變與乳腺癌的不同臨床表現(xiàn)之間的相關(guān)性，為判斷疾病加速進(jìn)展和潛在轉(zhuǎn)移提供早期的預(yù)后指標(biāo)。 MethodslWomenwithinvasiveduc-tal carcin

6、oma of the breast exceeding 1.0 cm were identified at tumor board meetings and enrolled in the study. Solid-tissuebreastspecimenswerecollectedatthetimeofmastec-tomy or lumpectomy before any adjuvant treatment.lSpecimens were obtained directly from the operating room andevaluated by a pathologist, an

7、d approximately1gof tumor tissuewas immediately transferred to the laboratory for processinginmammaryepithelial cellspecificmediuml研究對(duì)象為30例浸潤(rùn)性導(dǎo)管癌的患者（IA 至 IIIB 期），腫瘤直徑1cm，術(shù)前未行任何輔助治療。l用流式細(xì)胞儀分離并收集乳房切除術(shù)或乳房腫瘤切除術(shù)中的惡性（BCSCs）和良性干細(xì)胞，并檢測(cè)癌基因突變情況。MethodslFollowing tissue analysis, medical records were reviewed,

8、and additional datawere compiled retrospectively foreach patient. Data collected included patient age at diagnosis,race/ethnicity, tumorhormonereceptor status,ERBB2(formerlyHER2/Neu) status, tumor histologic grade, pathologictumor stage, and condition at the last follow-upcontactl研究的主要目標(biāo)為探討乳腺癌干細(xì)胞（BC

9、SCs）癌基因（ AKT1、HRAS 、 PIK3CA）的突變情況與腫瘤臨床特征的相關(guān)性，以及跟蹤隨訪該30例患者乳腺癌干細(xì)胞的突變與疾病進(jìn)展的相關(guān)性。 Tumor Characteristics by PatientResultlAmong 30 tumors,10 tumors(33%) had BCSCs with AKT1,HRAS,orPIK3CA mutations,8of which have been previously reported.l The mean follow-up time was 22 monthsafterdiagnosis.Onepatientwaslo

10、sttofollow-upcon-tact. Twopatients died of disease, and 1 patient has brain metastases.No patients with BCSCs without mutations have evidence ofdisease.l11例（33%）患者有乳腺癌干細(xì)胞癌基因的突變。l該研究中位隨訪時(shí)間為22個(gè)月，有一位患者失聯(lián)。11例突變的患者中2位死于該疾病，有1位出現(xiàn)腦轉(zhuǎn)移。未檢測(cè)到癌基因突變的患者未報(bào)到疾病進(jìn)展。 乳腺癌干細(xì)胞的突變情況與腫瘤臨床特征的相關(guān)性分析腋窩淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移與乳腺癌干細(xì)胞突變的相關(guān)性 ConclusionlPatients with tumors in which BCSCs have a genetic abnormality of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway are significantlymore likely to have lymph node metastases.lWhile axillary lymph node metastases are known to correlate with tumor size, BCSC mutation in this study was an independent predic