常用it作形式主語的句型結(jié)構(gòu)

1、常用it作形式主語的句型結(jié)構(gòu) It + be +形容詞+ that -從句可用于仕匕句型的 形容詞有：wonderful, true , good, right, wrong , (un) important, useless, surprising , clear, unusual, lucky , certain, necessary等。如： It is quite certain that he will be at the meeting. It is surprising that he came late to school this morning. It is importan

2、t that we (should) study hard注意：該句型中的形容詞是(un) important, necessary等時，從句應(yīng)為(should )+動詞原形。 It + be + -ed 分詞 + that-從句適用該句型的 過去分詞 主要有:said, reported, announced, hoped, thought, told , believed, expected, decided, suggested, known 等。如： It is hoped that one day they will have enough animals to set them f

3、ree It is well known that the earth goes around the sun. It is suggested that the sports meeting (should ) be put off until next week.注意：該句型的過去分詞是suggested時，從句應(yīng)為(should )+動詞原形。 It + be + 名詞 + that -從句適用該句型的 名詞(詞組)有:a pity, an honor, a good thing , a fact, a surprise, good news, one' s duty。 如： I

4、t is a pity (that) you missed the sports meeting last week. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. It + seem/ appear happen的適當形式+ that從句。該句型?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換成含不定式的 簡單句。如： It seems that there is a big waste pipe coming down from the town.r There seems to be a big waste pipe com

5、ing down from the town. He appeared to becalm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear.r It appeared that he was calm, but inside his heart was beating wildly with fear. It doesn't matter ( It ' s no wonder; It doesn ' t make much difference+ when/ where/ which/ whether 等從句。 如：

6、 Does it matter if he can't finish the job on time? They are all classmates. It is no wonderthey should help each other with their studies. It + be + adj./ n. (for sb. / of sb.) + to do sth.該句型中的形容詞通常是表示事物的特點或特征的女口 difficult , hard, easy, impossible , necessary, important 等，仕匕時用 for；或表示 人的性格特征或特

7、點的如nice, good , bad, kind , silly , foolish , wise, clever, careless,rude, brave, cruel, careful, grateful 等，這時要用 of。如： It is foolish of you to give up such a good chance. It is necessary for college students to master at least a foreign languageIt作形式主語常見句型動詞不定式，動名詞或主語從句作主語時，通常把它們放在謂語動詞前，而用it作形式主語，放

8、到句首，常見句型有：1. It + be + 形容詞+主語從句，如：It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny ' s birthday party or not.2. It + be + 名詞詞組+ 主語從句，這類名詞有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour , a question 等，如：It ' s a pity that you missed the exciting football match.It remains a question whether he will come or n

9、ot.3. It + be +過去分詞+主語從句，這類過去分詞有：announced, believed,expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等， 如：It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake.It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient.4. It +不及物動詞(seem,叩pear, happen 等)+ 主語從句，這類不及物動詞有：appear, happen, seem 等，

10、如：It seemed that he didn ' t tel l the truth.It happened that I was out when he called.5. It + be + 形容詞+ for sb. ) +動詞不定式這類句型常用形容詞 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise 冬作表語，有時候為了強調(diào)不定式動作的執(zhí)行者，常在不定式前加for sb ,如：It ' s necessary for the young to master two foreign language.It is unwis

11、e to give the children whatever they want.這類形容詞有： easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise6. It + be + 形容詞+ of sb. +動詞不定式，這類形容詞常是表示心理品質(zhì)性格特征的形容詞，如：kind, nice stupid, clever, foolish, polite,impolite, silly, selfish,considerate 等。某人和這些形容詞可以構(gòu)成主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：It ' s very kind of you to help me with

12、the work.=You are kind to help me.It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others.=He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others.7. It + be + 名詞詞組+動詞不定式，如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late.8. It + be +名詞或形容詞+動名詞，這類名詞和形容詞常常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, use

13、less, senseless 等， 如：It ' s a waste of time talking to her any more.It is no use arguing about the matter with him.9. It + take (sb. )+ 時間(金錢)+動詞不定式，如：It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam.It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot.he or sheA.

14、however1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child wants. (NMET 1997)B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever2. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001 上海)A. this B. that C. there D. it3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an internation

15、al language. (NMET1995)A. There B. This C. That D. It4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (MET88)A. everyoneB. thisC. herD. it5. will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.A. It B. I C. We D. They6. It is no use his there, the situation is hopeless now.A. to go B. t

16、o be going C. going D. having gone7. It is never too late to learn,?A. is itB. isn ' t it C. does itD. doesn ' t it8.is known to all thatA. As B. WhatC. It9.is reported in the newspaper, Jiangxi Province killed 13 peopleA. ItB. As C. ThatShenzhou VI Launched Successfully.D. Thatthe Earthquak

17、e in east China'sD. What10.certain that his invention will make people' s lifeconvenient.A. That ' s B. This isC. It ' s D. What' s11.evening.that there is another football match on the air thisA. It says B. It was saidC. It is said D. What was said12.that their daughter got an o

18、pportunity to study abroad.A. It ' s a exciting newsB. This is an exciting newsC. This is exiting newsD. It ' s exciting news1 5 BDDDA 6 10CACAC 1 12CD一、主語從句的概念與類型主語從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的主語，引導(dǎo)主語從句的詞有從屬連詞that, whether以及連接代詞 who,what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever和連接副詞 when, where, why, how 等.例如：Th

19、at she was chosen made us very happy.她當選了 使我們彳艮高興What caused the accident is a complete mystery.是什么導(dǎo)致了這次事故還完全是一個謎.Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否來還是一個問題 .Which team will win the match is still unknown.哪個隊會贏得這場比賽還不知道.Whoever comes to the party will receive a present.參加聚會的每一個人都將收到

20、一份禮物When they will start has not been decided yet.他們何時出發(fā)還沒決定 .注意:上述例句中的主語從句都是放在句首，但有時為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免”頭重腳輕”,常用it作形式主語，而把從句放在后面.例如：It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了這樣一個錯誤 ，真是遺憾.It depends on the climate whether they are going shopping today.他們是否今天去購物還得看天氣情況.這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型：1) It is + adj.

21、/ n. + 從句It is a pity/shame that. 遺憾的是It is possible that.很可能It is unlikely that.不可能2) It +不及物動詞+從句It seems/appears that. 似乎It happened that. 碰巧3) It + be +過去分詞+從句It is said that.據(jù)說It is known to all that.,眾所周知It is reported that.據(jù)報道It is believed that.據(jù)信；人們相信It is suggested that. 有人建議 It must be po

22、inted out that.必須指出 It has been proved that. 已證明例如：It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. 據(jù)信，至少有二十座樓房遭 到破壞或徹底毀掉.It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建議會議延期召開It's reported that three people were killed in the accident and five were hurt badly.

23、 據(jù)報道，事故中三人 喪生，五人重傷.It is known to all that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.眾所周知，臺灣是中國不可分割的一部分鞏固練習(xí)1. Does matter if he can't finish the job on time?A. this B. that C. he D. it2. It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey.A. which B. that C. if D. for3.is a fact that English is being ac

24、cepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It二、學(xué)習(xí)主語從句應(yīng)該注意的幾個問題1）引導(dǎo)詞that與whatwhat既有引導(dǎo)主語從句的作用，同時又在從句中作句子成分（主語、賓語、表語等）.這時what相當于allthat/everything that.,常譯成"所的（東西、事情、話等.）"而that只起連接作用，本身無實際意義，在從句中也不擔當任何句子成分.但that引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首時，不能省略that.例如：What is done can't be undone.（ 諺

25、語）已成定局，無可挽回.What we can't get seems better than what we have. 我們得不到的東西似乎比已得到的要好 That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important.我彳門應(yīng)該帶 U定一項計劃來應(yīng)付目前嚴峻的形勢，這一點非常重要.That a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true.一位新老師將來教我們地理，這是真的.鞏固練習(xí)4. what they tol

26、d me really true?A. Has B. Is C. Does D. Have5. It matters little a man dies，but matters much is he lives.A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that6. she couldn't understand was fewer and fewer students showed interest in herlessons.A. What; why B. That; what C. What;

27、 because D. Why; that7. It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmospheretoday.A. that B. when C. what D. how8. fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which9. -What made her pare

28、nts so angry?-she had failed in the examination.A. As B. Because C. Since D. That2）引導(dǎo)詞if和whetherif和whether引導(dǎo)動詞后的賓語從句時一般可通用，但介詞后的賓語從句、主語從句（放在句首時）、表語從句常由whether弓I導(dǎo).例如：Whether she will go home or not is unknown.她是否回家還不得而知 .Whether we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.我們是養(yǎng)鴨還是養(yǎng)鵝仍沒決定.=It re

29、mains to be decided whether/if we shall raise ducks or geese.但我們不能說 If we shall raise ducks or geese remains to be decided.鞏固練習(xí)10. we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where3）其它引導(dǎo)詞連接代詞who, which, whom, whose 有各自的意義，起連接作用，并在從句中充當語、賓語、表語、定 語等;連接副詞when,where,

30、 why, how等有各自的意義，起連接作用，并在從句中充當狀語.鞏固練習(xí)11. -Do you remember he came?-Yes, I do. He came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if12. It was a matter of would take the position.A. who B. whose C. whom D. whomever13. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that you had a few days off?A. why B. when

31、C. what D. where14. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which三、語氣在 It is necessary / natural / important / strange.+ that-clause這類句型里,that 所引導(dǎo)的主語從句中謂語動詞用”should +原形",表虛似語氣.例如：It is necessary that the problem should be settled at once.這個問題必須馬上解

32、決It's strange that he should have gone away without telling us.他竟然沒向我們說一聲就走了，真是奇怪.鞏固練習(xí)15. It is necessary that a college student at least a foreign language.A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master四、以it作形式主語的主語從句與強調(diào)句型的區(qū)別"It be + adj./n. + that-clause" 與強調(diào)句型均有It be.that.之類

33、的語言標志，但不同的是：前者中的that 從句是主語從句.若刪掉其中的It be和that，則剩余部分不論結(jié)構(gòu)還是語意都不能成為一個句子；但若將后者中的It be和that去掉，則剩余部分的結(jié)構(gòu)和語意仍能構(gòu)成一個完整的句子.強調(diào)句型譯為漢語時可加上 ”正是"或”就是"之類的字眼，而主語從句則不可以.請比較下面兩個句子：It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人驚奇的是瑪莉竟然獲得了 第一名It is Mary that has won first place.正是瑪莉得了 第一名.第一句話中的It是形式

34、主語,that引導(dǎo)的是主語從句.句中的It is和that無法刪除，一旦刪除句子就不成第二句是強調(diào)句型，其中的It is和that可以去掉，因為沒有It is和that句子仍然很通順Key: 1-5 DBDBA 6-10 ACBDB 11-15 AAADB表語從句1 The traditional view is we sleep because our brain is“ programmed ” to make us do so. （2007 上海）A. when B. why C. whether D. that答案D解析下劃線處之后是包含一個原因狀語從句的表語從句，如果看不出它是充當整

35、個句子結(jié)構(gòu)的表語從句將難以把握整個句子的意思。因此， 應(yīng)選擇可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句且不充當任何成分的that o考題2You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this isI disagree. （2004）A. why B. where C. what D. how答案B解析下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)系動詞is后的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當?shù)攸c狀語 （“disagree ”屆丁不及物動詞，"I disagree ”本身是完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)），下劃線應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞where,表語從句" where Idisagree ”的意思是“

36、我不同意之處、我不同意的地方”?？碱}3I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that you had a few days off? （1999）A. why B. when C. what D. where答案A解析下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)與系動詞is連用的表語從句并在該表語從句中充當原因狀語，下劃線應(yīng)填入表示“因此，”（指因某種原因所造成的結(jié)果）的引導(dǎo)詞why?？碱}4she couldn ' t understand was fewer and fewer studentsshowed interest in her lesso

37、ns. （2000上海）A. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that答案A解析第一個下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當賓語，特指她所不理解的事情， 應(yīng)填入關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞 what ；第 二個下劃線處表示“因此，”（指因某種原因所造成的后果，由why引導(dǎo)對應(yīng)的名詞性從句）而不是“為什么,”（指原因、理由，由because引導(dǎo)對應(yīng)的名詞性從句），應(yīng)填入引導(dǎo)詞why?？碱}5made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitte

38、d to key universities. （2003上海春）A. What; because B. What; thatC. That; what D. That; because答案B解析第一個下劃線處的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)主語從句并在該主語從句中充當主語，特指令校方驕傲的事情，應(yīng)選用關(guān)系代詞型的引導(dǎo)詞 what;第二個下劃線處引導(dǎo)表語從句表示原因、理由， 應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)對應(yīng)的名詞性從句。考題6Are you still thinking about yesterday' s game?Oh, that ' s. （2003 北京春）A. what makes me feel e

39、xcited B. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited答案A解析A選項的意思是“令我感覺激動的事物”；B選項的意思是“我覺得激動的任何事物”；C選項的意思是“我對它感覺的方式”；D選項的意思是“令我感覺激動的時間”。四個選項中A最適合跟代表 “gam4的主語that對應(yīng)，充當表語從句。高中賓語從句詳細用法和高考賓語從句專項練習(xí)2011-10-25 06:51提問者：聰明寶寶77 固|瀏覽次數(shù)：615次賓語從句G32011-10-25 09:49最佳答案你好。定語從句專項練習(xí)題及詳解

40、50題1. The place interested me most was the Children's Palace.A. Which B. where C. what D. in which2. Do you know the man?A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke3. This is the hotel last month.A. which they stayed B. at that they stayedC. where they stayed at D. where they s

41、tayed4. Do you know the year the Chinese Communist Party was founded?A. which B. that C. when D. on which5. That is the day I'll never forget.A. which B. on which C. in which D. when6. The factory we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. where B. to which C. which D. in which7. Great ch

42、anges have taken place since then in the factory we areworking.A. where B. that C. which D. there8. This is one of the best films.A. that have been shown this year B. that have shownC. that has been shown this year D. that you talked9. Can you lend me the book the other day?A. about which you talked

43、 B. which you talkedC. about that you talked D. that you talked10. The pen he is writing is mine.A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of sat a small boy.A. whom B. who C. which D. that12. The engineer my father works is about 50 years old.A. to w

44、hom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom13.It there anyone in your class family is in the country?A. who B. who's C. which D. whose14.I'm interested in you have said.A. all that B. all what C. that D. which15.1 want to use the same dictionary was used yesterday.A. which B. who C. what D. as

45、16. He isn't such a man he used to be.A. who B. whom C. that D. as17. He is good at English,we all know.A. that B. as C. whom D. what18. Li Ming,to the concert enjoyed it very much.A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him19.1 don't like as you read.A. the novel

46、s B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels20. He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in theschool.A. which B. that C. whom D. what21. The letter is from my sister,is working in Beijing.A. which B. that C. whom D. who22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of a

47、re women.A. them B. which C. whom D. who23. You're the only person I've ever met could do it.A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who24.1 lost a book,I can't remember now.A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that25.Last summer we visited the West Lake,Hangzhou is f

48、amous in the world.A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what26.1 have bought such a watch was advertised on TV.A. that B. which C. as D. it27.1 can never forget the day we worked together and the daywe spent together.A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when28. The way he look

49、s at problems is wrong.A. which B. whose C. what D./29. This is the reason he didn't come to the meeting.A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which30. This machine,for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked after

50、D. I have looked after31. The reason he didn't come was he was ill.A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for which;what32. He is working hard,will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who33. That is not the way I do it.A./ B.which C.for which D.with which34.1 have two g

51、rammars,are of great use.A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which35.1 want to use the same tools used in your factory a few days ago.A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which36. My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble,was very kind of them.A. who B. which

52、 C. that D. it37. This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A. that B. which C. from that D. from which38. He is not such a man would leave his work half done.A. that B. which C. who D. as39. You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A. / B. why C. when D. whose40. Smoking,is a bad habit, is, ho

53、wever, popular.A. that B. which C. it D. though41. - Did you ask the guard happened?-Yes, he told me all he knew.A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that42. I shall never forget those years I lived on the farm withthe farmers,has a great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which

54、 C. which; that D. when; which43. The number of the people who cars increasing.A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are44. During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns.A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed45. Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. wh

55、ich D. it46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could see wasgoing on inside house.A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that47. Is some German friends visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where48. John got beaten

56、 in the game,had been expected.A. as B. that C. what D. who49. I have bought two ballpens,writes well.A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which50. All that can be eaten eaten up.A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been參考答案及解析1. A. which用作關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語。2. C.”和誰

57、講話”要說speak to sb.本題全句應(yīng)為 Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是關(guān)系代詞，作介詞to的賓語，可以省略。3. D. where是關(guān)系副詞，表示地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。4. C. when是關(guān)系副詞，表示時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。5. A. which是關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作forget的賓語。其他幾個答案都不能作賓 °6. C.解析同第5題。7. A.解析見第3題。8. A.本句話的先行詞應(yīng)該是films,因此，關(guān)系代詞that是負數(shù)概念，其謂語動 詞應(yīng)用復(fù)述的被動語態(tài)have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠詞 the,則the one應(yīng)該視為先行詞。9. A.談到某事物”應(yīng)說talk about sth.。about是介詞，其后要用 which作賓語, 不能用t