(完整word版)人教版高中英語必修5重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全,推薦文檔

1、17. be strict with對嚴(yán)格人教版高中英語必修5重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全Un it1 Great scie ntists【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. put forward提出2. con elude結(jié)束，結(jié)論3. draw a con clusi on得出結(jié)論4. defeat打敗5. atte nd照顧，護(hù)理，出席6. expose to使顯露7. cure治愈，治療8. challe nge挑戰(zhàn)9. suspect懷疑，被懷疑者10. blame責(zé)備11. ha ndle柄，把手，處理，掌控12. li nk聯(lián)系，連接13. li nk to將和連接14. announce

2、宣布15. con tribute捐獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)16. apart from除了18. make sen se講的通，有意義19. spin使旋轉(zhuǎn)20. reject拒絕，拋棄【重點(diǎn)句型】1. What do you know about in fectious diseases?你對傳染性疾病了解多少？2. Joh n Snow was a famous doctor in London-so expert, in deed, that heatte nded Quee n Victoria as her pers onal physicia n.約翰？斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生一一他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛

3、，因而成為維多利亞女王的私人大夫。3. But he became in spired whe n he thought about help ing ordi nary peopleexposed to cholera.但當(dāng)他一想到要幫助患了霍亂的普通老百姓，他就感到很振奮。4. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。5. He knew that cholera would n ever be con trolledun til its cause wasfound.他知道，在找到病源之前，

4、霍亂疫情是無法控制的。6. The secondsuggested that people absorbed this disease into theirbodies with their meals.第二種看法是在吃飯的時候人們把這種病毒引入體內(nèi)的7. Joh n Snow suspected that the sec ond theory was correct but he n eededevide nee.約翰？斯諾猜想第二個理論是正確的，但他需要證據(jù)。8. It seemed that the water was to blame.看來要?dú)w罪于飲用水了。9. He immediat

5、ely told the ast oni shed people in Broad Street to removethe han dle from the pump so that it could not be used.約翰？斯諾馬上叫寬街上驚惶失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手，這樣水泵就用不成 了。10. In anotherpart of London, he found supporting evidenee fromother deaths that were lin ked to the Broad Street outbreak.在倫敦的另一個地區(qū)，他從兩個與寬街爆發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的

6、死亡病例中又發(fā)現(xiàn)了 有力證據(jù)?！菊Z法總結(jié)】過去分詞作定語和表語一.過去分詞作表語作表語用的過去分詞表示主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主謂關(guān) 系；被動語態(tài)表示動作，強(qiáng)two,絕大多數(shù)被動結(jié)構(gòu)中的行為執(zhí)行者還可以調(diào)動賓關(guān)系 用by短語來表示。1.過去分詞做表語與被動語態(tài)的差異：The store is now closed.（系表）The library is usually closed at 8:00 p.m.（被動）2.某些過去分詞作表語，多半用來表示人物所處的心理狀態(tài)或情感變化，其主語主要是人。這類過去分詞通常為下列過去分詞：delighted, devoted, discou

7、ragedast oni shed,frighte ned,excited,in spired,en couraged,in terested,conten ted, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect .過去分詞作定語作定語的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，其邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞。及物動詞的 過去分詞作定語，既表被動又表完成；不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語，只表完成。1.過去分詞用作定語，如果是單個的，置于其所修飾的名詞之前。We must adapt our thi nking to the cha nged con diti ons.

8、我們必須使我們的思想適應(yīng)改變了的情況。2.過去分詞短語用作定語時，置于其所修飾的名詞之后，其意義相當(dāng)于一個定語 從句，但較從句簡潔，多用于書面語中。The concert give n by their frie nds was a success.他們朋友舉行的音樂會大為成功3.過去分詞短語有時也可用作非限制性定語，前后常有逗號The meeting，attended by over five thousand people hero.他們舉行了歡迎英雄的大會，至U會的有五千多人。Unit2 The United Kingdom【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. con sist組成，在于，一致2. c

9、on sist of由組成3. dividei nto把分成4. break away from脫離5. to ones credit在的名下，為帶來榮譽(yù)6. attract吸引，引起注意7. leave out省去，遺漏，不考慮8. plus加上，和，正的9. take the place of代替10. break dow n損壞，破壞11. arra nge安排,welcomed the great12. fold折疊，對折13. delight快樂，高興，喜悅【重點(diǎn)句型】1. How many countries does the UK consist of?聯(lián)合王國由幾個國家組成?2

10、. You can easily clarify this question if you study British history.如果你學(xué)習(xí)了英國歷史，很容易就能弄清楚這個問題。3.Happily this was accomplished withoutcon flictwhe n Kingof Scotla nd became King of En gla nd and Wales as well.令人高興的是，這件事沒有引起沖突就完成了，那時候蘇格蘭的詹姆斯國王也成為了英格蘭和威爾士的國王。4. However, the southern part of Ireland was u

11、nwilling and broke away toform its own gover nment.然而，愛爾蘭的南部卻不愿意而分離出去了，并建立了自己的政府。5. To their credit the four coun tries do work together in some areas.值得表揚(yáng)的是，這四個國家的確在一些方面共同合作。6. England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience divided roughly into threezon es.在這四個國家中，英格蘭最大，為了方便起見，它大

12、致被分為了三個地區(qū)。7. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your the United Kingdomenjoyable and worthwhile.如果你想要使你的英國之旅愉快又有意義，你就必須留心觀察8. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites shewan ted to see in London.由于擔(dān)心時間不夠，張萍玉早就把她想在倫敦參觀的地點(diǎn)列了一張單子。9. It looked sple n

13、did whe n first built.剛建成的時候，它看起來真是金碧輝煌。10. What in terested her most was the Ion gitude line.她最感興趣的是那條經(jīng)線?！菊Z法總結(jié)】過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，說明賓語的狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)，過去分詞所表示的動作和賓語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。一.能接過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有三類：Jamesit istrip to1.表示感覺或心理狀態(tài)的動詞，女口：see,hear, feel, watch, notice；think為）,consider, find等。We saw the thief caught by

14、 the police.我看見小偷被警察抓住了。We thought the game lost.我們認(rèn)為球賽輸了2.表示“致使”或“保持某狀態(tài)” 意義的動詞，女口：make, get, have, keep, leave等。Dont leave such an important thing undone.不要讓這么重要的事沒有人做。He had his hat blow n away on his way home.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。3.表示“希望、要求、命令等動詞，如：want,wish, like, expect, order等。I want the house white

15、-washed before we move in.我想要房子在我搬進(jìn)去之前粉刷完。He wont like such questions discussed at the meeting.他不喜歡在會上討論這樣的問題。.with +賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)（認(rèn)with +賓語+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補(bǔ)足語。這一 結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時間，方式，條件，原因等狀語。例如:1. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behi nd his back.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后.（表方式）|2. With wate

16、r heated,we can see the steam.水一被加熱，我們就會看到水蒸氣.（表條件）3. With the matter settled,we all went home.事情得到解決，我們都回家了.（表原因）Unit3 Life in the Future【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. impressi on印象，感想2. take up拿起，開始，繼續(xù)3. con sta nt時常發(fā)生的，連續(xù)不斷的4. previous在前的，早先的5. guide指導(dǎo)，向?qū)?. lack缺乏，沒有7. lose sight of看不見8. sweep up橫掃9. slide into移動，溜

17、進(jìn)10. optimistic樂觀的11. speed up加速12. desert沙漠13. i nsta nt瞬間，片刻14. settleme nt定居，解決【重點(diǎn)句型】1.1 have to rem ind myself con sta ntly that I am really in AD 3008.我得不斷提醒自己我真的到公元3008年了。2. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.開始的時候，新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受。3. The air seemed thi n, as though its comb in

18、ati onof gasesoxyge n left.空氣似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少。4. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。5. Soon I was back on my feet again and followinghim tohoveri ng carriage drive n by computer.很快我又重新振作起來，然后跟隨他領(lǐng)取了一部由電腦控制的氣墊車。6. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping whe n we reached what loo

19、ked like alarge market because of too many carriages flyi ng by in all direct ions.可是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個看上去像大市場的地方時，由于太多車子朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。7. He was swept up into the cen ter of them.had littlecollect a他被卷入到這群車隊中去了。8. Arriv ing at a stra nge-look ing house, he showed me into a large, bright clea n room.到了一幢看上去很

20、奇怪的房子里，他把握帶到一個明亮而清潔的大房間9. I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxyge n.后來我才發(fā)現(xiàn)，就是這些樹的葉子為這棟房屋提供了最急需的氧氣。【語法總結(jié)】過去分詞作狀語過去分詞短語作狀語，可表示時間，原因，條件等，可發(fā)展為一個狀語從句。過去分詞作狀語時其邏輯主語為主句的主語。過去分詞作狀語時的具體用法：1.過去分詞作時間狀語相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句。例如：Asked (Whe n he was asked) what had happe ned, he lowered his

21、head.當(dāng)他被問問題的時候，他低下了頭。2.過去分詞作原因狀語相當(dāng)于一個原因狀語從句。例如：Frighte ned (=Because / As she was frighte ned) by the tiger, the girl did ntdare to sleep alone.因為害怕老虎，這個女孩不敢單獨(dú)睡覺。3.過去分詞作條件狀語相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句。例如:Grow n (If these seeds are grow n) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長得很快。4.過去分詞作讓步狀語相當(dāng)于一個

22、讓步狀語從句。例如：Left (Although he was left) at home, Joh n did nt feel afraid at all.雖然John被單獨(dú)留在房間里，他一點(diǎn)都不害怕。5.過去分詞作狀語表示伴隨動作或狀態(tài)。例如：The teacher en tered the classroom, (and he was) followed by a group ofstude nts.老師進(jìn)入教室，后面跟著一幫學(xué)生。Un it4 Maki ng the News【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. delighted快樂的，欣喜的2. assist幫助，協(xié)助3. process加工，處

23、理，過程，程序4. concen trate on集中，聚集5. acquire獲得，學(xué)到6. assess評估，評定7. i nform通矢口8. depe nd on依靠9. accuseof控告【重點(diǎn)句型】1. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office popular En glish newspaper.周陽永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記他在一家知名的英語報報社第一天上班的工作任務(wù)。2. Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be

24、ableto concentrate on photography later if youre interested.你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)你的同事們會熱情地幫助你，如果你對攝影感興趣，以后你可以集中精力去鉆研。3. Not only am I in terested in photography, but I took an amateur courseat uni versity to update my skills.10. so as to11. dema nd12. ahead of13. approve為了需求，要求在前面許可，批準(zhǔn)of a對攝影我不只是感興趣，在大學(xué)里我還專修過業(yè)余攝影課來

25、更新我的技術(shù)。4. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all information you need toknow.只有提很多不同的問題，你才能收集到你需要的信息。the5. They must use research to in form themselves of the miss ing parts of the story.他們必須通過調(diào)查研究來獲悉被遺漏的那部分情況。6. Mean while you have to prepare the n ext questi on depe nding on

26、 whatthe pers ons said.同時，你還要根據(jù)被采訪人所說的話準(zhǔn)備提出下一個問題。7. Have you ever had a case where some one accused your jour nalists ofgetti ng the wrong end of the stick?你們有沒有過這樣的情況：有人控告你的記者，說他們的報道完全失實呢？8. This is how the story goes.事情是這樣的。9. He denied tak ing money but we were sceptical.他否認(rèn)收了錢，但我們對此表示懷疑。10.It wa

27、s a dilemma because the footballer could have damages if we were wrong.這事有些為難，因為如果我們錯了，這名足球運(yùn)動員就可以向我們索要賠償?！菊Z法總結(jié)】倒裝句（點(diǎn)擊“倒裝句”即可查看全部內(nèi)容）demandedUnit5 First aid【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】1. first aid急救2. fall ill生病3. pois on毒藥，使中毒4. electric shock觸電，電休克5. swell使膨脹，隆起6. squeeze榨，擠7. squeeze out榨出，擠出8. over and over aga in反復(fù)，多次9. in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?0. pour倒，灌11. a number of許多12. put ones hands on找至U13. treat治療，對待，款待14. apply應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用，申請15. make a differe nee區(qū)別對待，有影響，起（重要）作用【重點(diǎn)句型】1. Bur ns are called first degree,sec onddegree or third degree depending on which layers of the skins are bur nt.根據(jù)皮膚燒傷的層次而有一度