《八年級(jí)英語上冊 Unit 2 Keeping Healthy Topic 2 I must ask him to give up smoking名師匯編情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法 （新版）仁愛版》

1、名師匯編：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法1. can (could)1）表示能力，could主要指過去時(shí)間。two eyes can see more than one. 兩只眼比一只眼看得清。could the girl read she went to school? 這女孩上學(xué)前能識(shí)字嗎？2）表示可能（理論上或是邏輯判斷上）。the temperature can fall to 60, that is 60 below freezing. 氣溫可降至60，也就是零下60。he cant (couldnt) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足夠的錢買新車。yo

2、u mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. you could start a fire. 在林子里走時(shí)勿吸煙，那樣可能會(huì)引起火災(zāi)。3）表示允許。can i have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？he asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room.他問他可不可以把書帶出閱覽室。4）表驚異、懷疑、不相信等態(tài)度。主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。where can (could) they h

3、ave gone to? 他們會(huì)去哪兒了呢？he cant (couldnt) be over sixty. 他不可能超過六十歲。how can you be so careless? 你怎么這么粗心？5）比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。can (could) you lend me a hand? 幫我一把好嗎？im afraid we couldnt give you an answer today. 恐怕我們今天不能給你答復(fù)。2. may (might)1）表允許，might可以指過去時(shí)間，也可指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，語氣更委婉。you may take whatever you like. 你喜

4、歡什么就拿什么。he told me that i might smoke in the room. 他告訴我可以在房間里抽煙。may (might) i ask for photo your baby? 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？在回答以may引起的問句時(shí)，多避免用這個(gè)詞，而用其它方式，如yes, please. / certainly. please dont ./ youd better not. / no, you mustnt.等，以免顯得太嚴(yán)峻或不客氣。2）表可能（事實(shí)上）?？梢灾高^去時(shí)間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間，但語氣更加不肯定。he may be at home. 他可能在家。sh

5、e may not know about it. 她可能不知道這件事。he was afraid they might not agree with him. 他擔(dān)心他們可能不同意他的意見。they might be having a meeting, but im not sure. 他們有可能在開會(huì)，不過我不肯定。3. must1）表示義務(wù)。意為“必須”（主觀意志）。we must do everything step by step. 我們一切都必須循序漸進(jìn)地做。you mustnt talk to her like that. 你不可能那樣對她說話。-must we hand in o

6、ur exercisebooks now? 我們現(xiàn)在就要交練習(xí)本嗎？-no, you neednt. / no, you dont have to. 不必。（這種情況下，一般不用mustnt）2）表示揣測。意為“想必、準(zhǔn)是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。he must be ill. he looks so pale. 他準(zhǔn)是病了。他的臉色蒼白。shes wearing a diamond necklace. she must have a lot of money. 她戴著鉆石項(xiàng)鏈，一定很有錢。4. shall1）表征詢意見，用于第一、第三人稱疑問句。shall i get some tea? 我

7、給你點(diǎn)茶好嗎？shall the boy wait outside?讓那男孩在外面等嗎？what shall we do this evening? 我們今晚做什么？2）表說話人的意愿，有“命令、允諾、警告、決心”等意思，用于第二、第三人稱陳述句。you shall do as i say. 按我說的做。（命令）you shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答復(fù)。（允諾）he shall be sorry for it one day, i tell you. 有一天他會(huì)后悔的，我告訴你。（警告）nothing shall stop us from c

8、arrying out the plan.什么也不能阻止我們執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。（決心）5. will1）表意愿，用于各種人稱陳述句。i will do anything for you. 我愿為你做任何事。none is so blind as those who wont see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。if you will read the這本書，我會(huì)把它借給你。2）表請求，用于疑問句。will you close the window? its a bit cold. 請你把窗戶關(guān)上好嗎？有點(diǎn)冷。wont you drink some more coffee? 再來一點(diǎn)咖啡好嗎？3）表示某種傾

9、向或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。fish will die out of water. 魚離開水就不能活。the door wont open. 這門打不開。the boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by. 那男孩常常坐在那里好幾個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)，看著車輛行人通過。6. should1）表義務(wù)。意為“應(yīng)該”（某件事宜于做），用于各種人稱。you should be polite to your teachers. 你對老師應(yīng)該有禮貌。you shouldnt waste any time. 你不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。2）表推測，意為“想必一

10、定、照說應(yīng)該、估計(jì)”等。the film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors. 這部新電影是一流演員主演的，估計(jì)拍得很好。they should be home by now. 照說他們現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)已經(jīng)到家了。7.would1）表意i said i would do anything for you. 我說過我愿意為你做任何事。2）表委婉地提出請求、建議或看法。would you like another glass of beer? 再來杯啤酒好嗎？would you mind cleaning the window? 請把窗戶擦一下好嗎？they wouldnt have anything against it. 他們不會(huì)有什么反對意見。3）表過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過去的一種傾向。every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻煩都會(huì)向她求助。他告訴我盒子打不開了。8. ought to 1）表義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該”（因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做），口氣比should稍重。you are his father. you ought to take care of him. 你是他父親，應(yīng)當(dāng)管他。you oughtnt