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1、equipment for safety, maintenance, operational; (9) the rehabilitation of pediatric diseases; (10) the rehabilitation of elderly disabled; (11) the rehabilitation of sports injuries; (12) the prevention of disabilities; (13) the rehabilitation and management; (d) higher requirements (1) dealing with

2、 the professional domestic and foreign advances in nearly 3 years some basic understanding. (2) be able to guide and lead the rehabilitation group to complete the rehabilitation program, good effect. (3) foreign language should reach the level of professional writing english abstracts. (4) medical s

3、chool degree or equivalent level of education. (5) to participate in the scientific research work of the professional, writing in the first year of their reading an article, write a summary of an article for the second year, third year writing journal paper 1. (6) final certificate or any of the abo

4、ve 5 expert superior test scores. (7) can be skilled in the use of computer networks, reading professional literature on the internet. (8) by specialist qualification exam. four, reference books and periodicals people's republic of china department of health division of medical affairs editor. c

5、hinese association of rehabilitation medicine diagnosis and treatment specifications, huaxia publishing house, 1998 zhuo dahong editor, chinese association of rehabilitation medicine (2nd edition), huaxia press. 2003 miao hongshi editor, theory and practice of rehabilitation medicine, shanghai scien

6、ce and technology press, 2000 delisa ja. ed. nan kun translated. theory and practice of rehabilitation medicine. 3rd ed. world book publishing company, 2004 journal of rehabilitation medicine in china; chinese journal of physical medicine and rehabilitation, rehabilitation medical theory and practic

7、e; archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation。 anesthesiology anesthesiology rules is based on monitoring, regulating and supporting patients ' basic life functions as the main means of collection of clinical anesthesia, treatment monitoring in critically ill patients, pain treatment, card

8、iopulmonary bypass, medical education and scientific research in one of the clinical specialty. these rules set for the anaesthesia specialist training, the trainees through the training and examination candidates may enter anaesthesia further subspecialty training. a, training objectives through a

9、comprehensive, formal, rigorous training, the trainee has a good sense of responsibility, integrity and team spirit, independence and right to use general anesthesia, patients undergoing common surgeries and checking management of anesthesia, as well as the monitoring and treatment of basic life fun

10、ctions,本科畢業(yè)論文題目:學(xué) 院:外 國 語 學(xué) 院專 業(yè):英 語學(xué) 號:200814118087學(xué)生姓名:艾小利指導(dǎo)教師:陳堯日 期:2012年5月15日to become a certified . 1 icu ward and 2 pain or clinic 2 of 32 note: this form is applicable to three-year training system, training for two years and one year, each subspecialty rotation time can be reduced. two-year

11、training must include the icu and pain clinic or ward, which amounts to 3 months. the rotation time and training bases of the sequence can be adjusted according to the specific situation. three, training content and requires anesthesiologists training primarily for clinical skills training, training

12、 in both teaching and research. (note: for non-professional web-department of anesthesia outside the operating room, which are not required to complete the number of disease cases, individual training base can be set according to the specific circumstances, to meet basic requirements for web purpose

13、s) (a) general surgery 1. rotary objective: general surgery, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of most common illnesses, general surgery and general surgery commonly used medical methods of imaging diagnosis. familiar with general surgical common diseases, especially acute peritoniti

14、s, obstructive cholangitis and acute necrotizing pancreatitis of pathophysiological changes, surgical treatment and postoperative complications. understanding the etiology and pathogenesis of general surgical common diseases. 2. basic requirements (1) learning disease species and the cases number re

15、quirements: disease species cases number () gastrointestinal surgical disease 5 thyroid, and breast surgical disease 6 hepatobiliary pancreatic surgical disease 5 (2) basic skills (surgery) requirements: operation technology name cases times () management beds 3 zhang full records writing 5 copies o

16、peration qian check work and surgery pre nuclear book 5 copies abdominal puncture 5 cases participate in general surgical surgery 15 taiwan difficult medical records or death medical records discussion 5 times (3) language, and teaching, and research, capacity of requirements: familiar general surgi

17、cal professional medical vocabulary and can reading english books to guide interns work in general surgery; understanding of professional clinical research methods in general surgery. (b) the neurology 1. purpose web master: mastering the physical examination of the nervous system and neural damage

18、detection, early diagnosis and treatment of intracranial hypertension, neurology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of common diseases. be familiar with: the special examination of the nervous system, including eeg, emg and transcranial doppler analysis of operations and report. unde

19、rstanding the etiology and pathogenesis of neurological diseases. 2. basic武漢科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文(頁眉用隸書3號字)(摘要與頁眉之間空一行) 摘要(小二號黑體居中)(空一行)(提醒:論文中所有引號一律用彎引號,如 或 ”,不用從網(wǎng)上下載的直引號,如,' 或 ")隨著經(jīng)濟社會的發(fā)展,英語的功能和地位日益得到重視。作為英語變體之一的中式英語,萌芽于中國近代特殊的社會環(huán)境,探討其文化根源有助于進一步研究文化交融對語言變異的影響;而分析其在不同時代所呈現(xiàn)的特征可以勾勒出中式英語的發(fā)展軌跡,有助于進一步研究社會

20、發(fā)展對語言變異的影響,并能科學(xué)地預(yù)測其發(fā)展趨向,引導(dǎo)正確的英語學(xué)習潮流。本文探討了中式英語的文化根源和中式英語的時代特征,指出:由于中西方思想觀念,邏輯思維,文化內(nèi)涵的差異以及背景知識的缺失,導(dǎo)致了英語在漢語交換時的變異。而這種變異又受經(jīng)濟社會的影響而呈現(xiàn)出不同的時代特征。自英語傳入中國社會以來,中式英語的發(fā)展可以劃分為四個階段:鴉片戰(zhàn)爭之前,鴉片戰(zhàn)爭到新中國成立(1949),建國到改革開放(1979),改革開放至今。從它各個時代的特點可以看出:雖然中式英語在對外交流中曾經(jīng)發(fā)揮過舉足輕重的作用,但它是中國對外交流的畸形產(chǎn)物,不符合時代發(fā)展的要求。隨著教育質(zhì)量以及對外開放水平的提高,中式英語注定

21、會退出歷史舞臺。(小四號宋體,1.5倍行距)(中文摘要字數(shù)要求:400字左右,英文摘要與中文摘要內(nèi)容一致)(空一行)關(guān)鍵詞(4號黑體,左對齊,后加冒號): 中式英語; 文化根源; 時代特征; 發(fā)展趨勢(小四號宋體)(關(guān)鍵詞之間用分號隔開,關(guān)鍵詞3-5個)(此頁頁碼用羅馬字母小五號字底端居中)(與頁眉之間空一行)abstract(小二號times new roman居中,加粗)(空一行)with the advancement of economy and society, the functions and status of english are increasingly recogniz

22、ed. chinglish, as a misshapen, hybrid language, is the product of social development that may affect the international cooperation and communication between china and english-speaking countries. studying the origins, especially the cultural origins, of chinglish can be of help to the further researc

23、h on how the cultural mingling influences language variation. analyzing the times features of chinglish can sketch the orbit of its development and forecast its development trend, which can be of help to the further research on how social development influences language variation. this paper makes t

24、he research on the cultural origins and times features of chinglish. the differences of thought patterns, logic patterns, cultural connotation and the translators lack of the background information in translating chinese into english cause the emergence of chinglish. affected by social background, t

25、he times features of chinglish appear different in different periods. the process of chinglish can be divided into four periods: before the opium war, from the opium war to 1949, from 1949 to 1979, from 1979 to the present. although chinglish once played a certain role in the international cooperati

26、on and communication in chinese history, it is destined to retreat along with the advancement of education and technology. (小四號times new roman,1.5倍行距)(空一行)key words(四號times new roman,左對齊,加粗,后加冒號): culture origin; chinglish; times feature; development trend(小四號,均小寫,times new roman字體,關(guān)鍵詞之間用分號隔開并空一字符,注

27、意每個詞首字母小寫, 專有名詞除外,首字母應(yīng)大寫,如:chinese)(此頁頁碼仍用羅馬字母小五號字底端居中,接前頁連續(xù)編序)(此處空一行或兩行,視情況而定) contents(此處空一行)1introduction.12 chinglish.22.1 definition of chinglish.32.2 chinglish vs. china english.53origins of chinglish.73.1 linguistic factors.7 3.1.1 lexical deficiency.83.1.2 syntactical incompetence93.1.3 word

28、-for-word translation105 conclusion.12bibliography.13acknowledgements.14 (目錄按三級標題編寫,且要與正文標題一致。一級標題用小二號加粗,二級標題用小三號加粗字,三級標題用四號加粗字,全部用times new roman體;或者全部減一號如標題較多甚至可以全部減兩號,務(wù)必目錄只占一頁、美觀大方。目錄之上是“contents”采用小二號arial加粗,該段段前空一行,段后空一行。標題后的頁碼第1個數(shù)字請上下對齊,以利美觀)(論文正文字數(shù)要求:4500 6000單詞之間,不得少于4500單詞)(此頁頁碼用羅馬字母小五號字底端居

29、中,接前頁英文摘要的頁碼連續(xù)編序)(此處空兩行。自正文第一頁開始編頁碼,頁碼用阿拉伯數(shù)字小五號,底端居中。參考文獻和致謝接著正文續(xù)標頁碼)cultural origins and times features of chinglish(論文英文題目、小三號、加粗,居中,arial體,段后空一行)1 introduction (一級標題。加粗、四號字,和二級、三級標題及正文全部采用times new roman體。一級標題前后各空半行,二、三級標題前后不空行。標題全部不縮進。題號與標題間間隔一個tab鍵)(正文每段首行縮進4個字符鍵)chinglish is the misshapen, hyb

30、rid language which is described as “english with chinese characteristics” by joan pinkham (pinkham, 2000: 29). (每一處引用別人的觀點必須在文中夾注,夾注放括號內(nèi),夾注形式:姓名如pinkham+逗號+出版年如2000+冒號+頁碼如1。如姓名系英文,只需給出姓即可如pinkham;如姓名系漢語,則給出全名。如引用內(nèi)容來自幾個頁碼,頁碼間用連字符連接,如1-3。正文中的夾注信息必須與bibliography中列出的參考文獻對應(yīng)。直接引用和間接引用均遵循此格式;如間接引用的是一篇文章的主要

31、觀點,可以只給出年份,不標頁碼) it is rooted in the society and greatly influenced by economy and culture. it is usually regarded as an abnormal form of english expressions. as far as its origins are concerned, chinglish can be caused by the linguistic and cultural factors. studying the origins, especially the cul

32、tural origins, of chinglish can be of help to the further research on how the cultural mingling influences language variation. this paper will make the research on the cultural origins of chinglish by means of analyzing linguistic and cultural factors. as english was first introduced into china even

33、 before the opium war, the characteristics of chinese history have inevitably played certain roles in the formation of chinglish. affected by social background, chinglish embodies different times features in different periods. analyzing the times features of chinglish in different periods can sketch

34、 the orbit of its development and forecast its development trend, which can be of help to the further research on how social development influences language variation. this paper will divide the process of chinglish into four periods, namely, before the opium war, from the opium war to 1949, from 19

35、49 to 1979, from 1979 to the present. through the analysis of the times features in these periods, the development orbit of chinglish can be clearly seen: from flourish to ruin. then it can be forecast that chinglish is destined to retreat. (正文采用times new roman小四號字,行間距1.5倍)2 chinglish2.1 definition

36、of chinglish(二級標題,同三級標題全部采用加粗,小四號字)li wenzhong gives the definition of chinglish: “中國式英語是指中國英語學(xué)習和使用者由于受母語干擾和影響,硬套漢語規(guī)則和習慣,在英語交際中出現(xiàn)的不合規(guī)范英語或不合英語文化習慣的畸形英語?!?chinglish refers to a form of misshapen english influenced by mother-tongue. it was caused by the misuse of chinese grammar and interference of fir

37、st language ) ( 李文中, 1993: 9).(如引用內(nèi)容系原話,必須用雙引號標注出來。如大段引用別人的原話,應(yīng)單獨成段,或段兩邊加雙引號,或段左右兩邊適當向內(nèi)縮進,以區(qū)別于其他文字。如引用的原文如為中文,可直接將中文翻譯成英文兩邊加雙引號作為引文,也可以先給出中文引文,后面給出中文引文的譯文)(正文段落前后不空行)in the translator's guide to chinglish, (文中提到英文書名應(yīng)為斜體;漢語書名需加書名號) joan pinkham points out that “chinglish, of course, is that missh

38、apen, hybrid language that is neither english nor chinese but that might be described as english with chinese characteristics.” (pinkham, 2000: 29).(自正文第一頁開始編頁碼,阿拉伯數(shù)字小五號,底端居中)(此處空一行)bibliography(居中,arial, 四號,黑體)(此處空一行)(提醒注意:凡文后參考文獻中列舉了的文獻必須在正文中用夾注標出,凡正文中夾注的引用,必須列在文后的參考文獻中)1chin chuanchengchinese eng

39、lish varietyain kachru,bb(ed)the other tongueenglish across culture (2nd edition) curbana and chicago:university of illinois press, 1992: 162 (文章名用正體,除第一個字母大寫外,其他字母均小寫;英文專著名用斜體,專著中所有實義詞第一個字母均大寫。析出文章后加 a,從中析出的專著或論文集后加 c)2derrida(姓), jacques(名). the ear of the other: texts and discussion with jacques

40、derrida m. ed. christie mcdonald, trans peggy kamuf. lincoln: university of nebraska press, 1985 (英文作者,如作者只有一個人,則姓放前,名放后,中間加一逗號)3mcenery(姓), tony(名) & michael oakes(名+姓). sentence and word alignment in the crater project a. jenny thomas and mick short (eds) using corpora for language research c. london: longman group uk limited, 1996. (英文作者如超過一人,則第一個作者姓前名后,中加一逗號,第一作者和第二作者之間加&號,從第二作者開始,姓名用正常拼法即名前姓后)4pinkham, joan j. the translator's guide to chinglishm(專著名后加m標示). (4th).beijing: foreign language teaching and rese

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