2019年6月天津高考英語試題及答案

1、2019年6月普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（天津卷）本試卷分為第卷（選擇題）和第卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘，第卷1頁至10頁，第卷11頁至12頁。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時(shí)，考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。2.本卷共55小題，共95分第一部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：單項(xiàng)填空（共15小題，每小題1

2、分，滿分15分）從a、b、c、d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例：stand over there _ youll be able to see it better.a. orb. andc. butd. while答案是b。1.- i guess you want to go play tennis.- . that's exactly what i was thinking too.a. i didn't get itb. it's up to youc. you never knowd. you read my mind2.i to send pete

3、r a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but i couldn't manage it.a. had hopedb. am hoping c. have hoped d. would hope3.a study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.a. onesb. thosec. thesed. them4. to think critically is an important ski

4、ll today's children will need for the future.a. learn b. learned c. learning d. having learned5. all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances.a. according to b. instead of c. in addition to d. in spite of6.-my son got a full scholarship to his dream university!-wow, !

5、 what's he going to study?a. good for himb. go for itc. what a coincidenced. all the best 7. we can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n)_ on our lives in many ways.a. statement b. impactc. impressiond. judgment8. amy, as well as her brothers, a warm welcome when returning t

6、o the village last week.a.is givenb. are given c. was given d. were given9.kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't _ what he was saying.a. set asideb. take back c. make outd. keep off10.most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _ to help them succeed

7、 academically and personally.a. designed b. designingc.to design d. being designed11.their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.a. why b. where c. whichd. what12.the professor warned the students that on no account use mobile phones in his class.a. should they b.

8、 they should c. dare theyd. they dare13.tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion_ he wants their support.a. sinceb. once c. unlessd. after14.the workers were not better organized, otherwise they the task in half the time.a. accomplishedb. had accomplishedc. would accomplishd

9、. would have accomplished15. a dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is _ established.a. properly b. widely c. originally d. temporarily第二節(jié)：完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1635各題所給的a、b、c、d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。i was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear

10、 seized me. my wallet was gone. i could only have left it on the g9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some 16 station.the 17 moment was quickly followed by mental math. how much time and money would it cost to replace the 18 of that little wallet? the credit cards, the driver's license,

11、 the cash, all lost to the bus.two hours later, back at my house, i heard a knock on the door. my husband 19 it while i was on the phone in the dining room. "does jennifer live here?" i heard a lady say. in my husband's hand was my wallet, with not a penny 20 . she left before i could

12、21 make it to the door to offer my thanks.after sharing the story online, i heard from someone, who 22 the lady as erin smith. without 23 , i called to thank her. she said she 24 my wallet on a bus seat. she 25 that going to a stranger's house was a 26 move, but she decided to take the chance. &

13、quot;if i were in that 27 , i would want someone to try to find me," she said.this one stranger responded beautifully to my small 28 , but she actually wasn't the only one. right after erin 29 my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum, trying t

14、o see 30 anyone knew me. no sooner did she leave my doorstep than i had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. i've never 31 words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. i read that people are more divided than ever, but that&

15、#39;s not how the people i 32 tend to act. 33 , i feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. erin had gone 34 what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that i was extremely 35 .16.aaccessiblebhiddencunknowndconvenient17.aface-savingbbrain-washing

16、ceye-catchingdheart-stopping18.apartsbcontentscdetailsdingredients19.aignoredbansweredcexamineddinterrupted20. amissingbreturnedcremainingdabandoned21.a. stillbevercyet deven22.aselectedbappointedcidentifiedddefined23.adelay balarmcregretdinvitation24.amovedbplacedcopeneddspotted25.adisagreedbcompla

17、inedccalculateddrecommended26.aselflessbriskycslowdpersonal27.asitebdirection csituationdatmosphere28.acrisisbdangercthreatdfailure29.agot rid ofbmade use ofchad control ofd. take possession of30.aifbwherechowdwhen31.arecalledbexchangedcrepeateddwhispered32.aencounterbfollowcconsultdaccompany33.agoi

18、ng awaybturning aroundclooking backdcoming along34.aintobagainstcoverdbeyond35.alongingbenthusiasticcconcerneddgrateful三、閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分） 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的a、b、c、d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ahistory fair competitionunderstanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. history

19、is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. it is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. thornton middle school history fair competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!this year's themeall participants must address how co

20、mmunication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for americans throughout history. to many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. however, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a proble

21、m, touching lives in countless ways.individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories: ·performance ·documentary (紀(jì)實(shí)作品)·essay writingcategory requirementsperformance: a dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. if special clothes are used, they sho

22、uld truly represent a given period.documentary: a visual presentation (such as a video, slide show, or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. a desktop computer, screen, projector, and loud speakers will be available. students must provide their presentations on cds before friday, march23.e

23、ssay writing: an academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. no illustrations (圖解) are allowed. please do not include covers. a list of references must be included.important datesjanuary 5 submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. the teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off-topi

24、c or unclear.february 5 submit a first draft of your essay, performance script (劇本) , or documentary highlights.february 19 a committee of teachers will evaluate materials, and give opinions. students then have an opportunity to improve their products. march 9 submit a final draft of your essay.marc

25、h 15 performance and documentary committee preview march 24 thornton middle school history fair competition7:0 a.m. - 9:00 a.m participants signing in at the gym10:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. competition and judges review7:00 p.m awards ceremony and picnic36. according to paragraph 1, what is the major goal

26、 of understanding history? a. to preserve national traditions.b. to prepare for a history competition.c. to better know the present and future.d. to further explore historical mysteries.37. what is the theme of this year 's competition? a. technology advances science.b. science interacts with te

27、chnology.c. science has made the study of history easy.d. technology has improved the life of americans.38. among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are_. a. special clothes and a screenb. a desktop computer and a cdc. a projector and special clothesd. a desktop computer and

28、loudspeakers39. what would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement? a. include more information in the essay.b. remove the references.c. provide a cover for the essay.d. explain the details with illustrations.40. what will the committee of teachers do o

29、n february 19? a. preview performances and documentaries.b. make comments on the materials.c. improve the participant's first draft.d. collect a second proposal from the participant.bi must have always known reading was very important because the first memories i have as a child deal with books.

30、 there was not one night that i dont remember mom reading me a storybook by my bedside. i was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.i always wanted to know what my mom was reading. hearing mom say, “i cant believe whats printed in the newspaper this morning,” made me want to grab i

31、t out of her hands and read it myself. i wanted to be like my mom and know all of the things she knew. so i carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, i would pretend to be reading.this is how everyone learned to read. we would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then sto

32、ries. it seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl i realized that knowing how to read could open many doors. when mom said, “the c-a-n-d-y is hidden on the top shelf,” i knew where the candy was. my progress in reading raised my curiosity, and i wanted to know everything. i often

33、found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly, so that i could read all of the road signs we passed.most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. i read for knowledge, and to make as on my tests. occasionally, i would read a novel that was assigned, but i didnt e

34、njoy this type of reading. i liked facts, things that are concrete. i thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.yet, now that im growing and the world i once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, i find myself needing a way to escape. by opening a novel, i can leave behin

35、d my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where i am now a new character. in these worlds i can become anyone. i dont have to write down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. i just read to relax.were taught to read because its necessary f

36、or much of human understanding. reading is a vital part of my life. reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. and ive found that the possibilities that lie within books are limitless.41. why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of moms hands?a. she wanted mom to read the news to her.b.

37、she was anxious to know what had happened.c. she couldnt wait to tear the newspaper apart.d. she couldnt help but stop mom from reading.42. according to paragraph 3, the authors reading of road signs indicates _.a. her unique way to locate herself.b. her eagerness to develop her reading ability.c. h

38、er effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules.d. her growing desire to know the world around her.43. what was the authors view on factual reading?a. it would help her update test-taking skills.b. it would allow much room for free thinking.c. it would provide true and objective information.d. it woul

39、d help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.44. the author takes novel reading as a way to _.a. explore a fantasy land.b. develop a passion for learning.c. learn about the adult community.d. get away from a confusing world.45. what could be the best title for the passage?a. the magic of re

40、adingb. the pleasure of reading.c. growing up with reading.d. reading makes a full man.chow does an ecosystem （生態(tài)系統(tǒng)） work? what makes the population of different species the way they are? why are there so many flies and so few wolves? to find an answer, scientists have built mathematical, models of

41、food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.with such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. when a predator（掠食動(dòng)物） always eats huge numbers of a single prey（獵

42、物）, the two species are strongly linked；when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. if a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(滅絕)of one of them.

43、and if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows to original prey to recover. the weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable,

44、where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. in the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species-including species they did not directly attack.and unp

45、lanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. in the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. these actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.scientis

46、ts have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. prevention is key, scientists say, because once

47、ecosystems pass their tipping point（臨界點(diǎn)）, it is remarkably difficult for them to return.46. what have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical of food webs?a. the living habits of species in food webs.b. the rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.c. the approaches to studying the spe

48、cies in the ecosystems.d. the differences between weak and strong links in food webs.47. a strong link is found between two species when a predator_.a. has a wide food choice.b. can easily find new prey.c. sticks to one prey speciesd. can quickly move to another place48. what will happen if the popu

49、lations of top predators in a food web greatly decline?a. the prey species they directly attack will die out.b. the species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.c. the living environment of other species will remain unchanged.d. the population of other species will experience unexpect

50、ed changes.49. what conclusion can be drawn from the examples in paragraph 4?a. uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems.b. rapid economic development threatens animal habitats.c. species of commercial value dominate other species.d. industrial activities help keep food webs stable.50.

51、 how does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance?a. by getting illegal practices under control.b. by stopping us from killing large predators.c. by bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.d. by signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action.dwould you bet

52、on the future of this man? he is 53 years old. most of his adult life has been losing struggle against debt and misfortune. a war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.the books turns out to

53、 be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. that former prisoner was cervantes, and the book was don quixote（堂吉訶德）. and the story poses an interesting question： why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before?w

54、eve all known people who run out of steam before they reach lifes halfway mark. im not talking about those who fail to get to the top. we cant all get there. im talking about people who have stopped learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often com

55、e with passing years.most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. we succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. nothing surprises us. we lose our sense of wonder. but, if we are willing to learn, the opportunities are everywhere.the things we learn i

56、n maturity seldom involve information and skills. we learn to bear with the things we cant change. we learn to avoid self-pity. we learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love usan idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.with high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep o learning. then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. however, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our own little egos,whether to loved ones, to fel