2012年江蘇高考英語試卷及答案解析

1、2012年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試（江蘇卷）英語試題第一部分:聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分20 分)做題時,先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5 小題;每小題1 分,滿分5分)聽下面5 段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的a、b、c 三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例: how much is the shirt?a. 19. 15. b. 9. 15. c. 9. 18. 答案是b。1. where does this conversa

2、tion probably take place?a. in a bookstore. b. in a classroom. c. in a library.2. at what time will the film begin?a. 7:20. b. 7:15. c. 7:00.3. what are the two speakers mainly talking about?a. their friend jane. b. a weekend trip. c. a radio programme.4. what will the woman probably do?a. catch a t

3、rain. b. see the man off. c. go shopping.5. why did the woman apologize?a. she made a late delivery. b. she went to the wrong place.c. she couldnt take the cake back. 第二節(jié) (共15 小題;每小題1 分,滿分15 分)聽下面5 段對話。每段對話后有幾個小題,從題中所給的a、b、c 三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5 秒鐘;聽完后,各小題給出5 秒鐘的做答時間。每段對話讀兩

4、遍。聽第6 段材料,回答第6、7 題。6. whose cd is broken?a. kathys. b. mums. c. jacks.7. what does the boy promise to do for the girl?a. buy her a new cd. b. do some cleaning. c. give her 10 dollars. 聽第7 段材料,回答第8、9 題。8. what did the man think of the meal?a. just so so. b. quite satisfactory. c. a bit disappointing.

5、9. what was the 15% on the bill paid for?a. the food. b. the drinks. c. the service. 聽第8 段材料,回答第10 至12 題。10. why is the man at the shop?a. to order a camera for his wife b. to have a camera repaired.c. to get a camera changed.11. what colour does the man want?a. pink. b. black. c. orange.12. what wi

6、ll the man do afterwards?a. make a phone call. b. wait until further notice. c. come again the next day. 聽第9 段材料,回答第13 至16 題。13. what would joe probably do during the thanksgiving holiday?a. go to a play. b. stay at home. c. visit kingston.14. what is ariel going to do in toronto?a. attend a party.

7、b. meet her aunt. c. see a car show.15. why is ariel in a hurry to leave?a. to call up betty. b. to buy some dvds. c. to pick up daniel.16. what might be the relationship between the speakers?a. classmates. b. fellow workers. c. guide and tourist. 聽第10 段材料,回答第17 至20 題。17. where does thomas manning w

8、ork?a. in the guinness company. b. at a radio station. c. in a museum.18. where did the idea of a book of records come from?a. a bird-shooting trip. b. a visit to europe. c. a television talk show.19. when did sir hughs first book of records appear?a. in 1875. b. in 1950. c. in 1955.20. what are the

9、 two speakers going to talk about next?a. more records of unusual facts. b. the founder of the company.c. the oldest person in the world. 第二部分: 英語知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié), 滿分35 分)第一節(jié): 單項(xiàng)填空 (共15小題; 每小題1分,滿分15分) 請認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題, 從題中所給的a、b、c、d 四個選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例: it is generally considered unwise to give a child _

10、 he or she wants.a. however b. whatever c. whichever d. whenever 答案是b。21. can i help you with it? i appreciate your _, but i can manage it myself.a. advice b. question c. offer d. idea22. after the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to sur

11、vive.a. which b. who c. where d. what23. sophia waited for a reply, but _came.a. either b. another c. neither d. none24. dont worry, mum. the doctor said it was only the flu._! ill tell dad theres nothing serious.a. what a relief b. congratulations c. how surprising d. im so sorry25. there is little

12、 doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _?a. is there b. isnt there c. is he d. isnt he26. ok, ive had enough of it. i give up. you cant _your responsibilities.a. run off with b. run up against c. run out of d. run away from27. the notice came around two in the afternoon_ the meeting would be postp

13、oned.a. when b. that c. whether d. how28. days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _say where he was.a. mustnt b. shouldnt c. wouldnt d. mightnt29. thank god youre safe! i stepped back, just _ to avoid the racing car.a. in time b. in case c. in need d. in vain30. ones life has valu

14、e _ one brings value to the life of others.a. so that b. no matter how c. as long as d. except that31. _an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.a. based b. basing c. base d. to base32. the manager is said to have arrived back from paris where he _ som

15、e european business partners.a. would meet b. is meeting c. meets d. had met33. honey, the cats stuck in the tree. can you turn off the tv and get a ladder. . . ? oh, it jumped off. _.a. never mind b. all right c. no problem d. take care34. the president hopes that the people will be better off when

16、 he quits than when he_.a. has started b. starts c. started d. will start35. happy birthday! thank you! its the best present i _ for.a. should have wished b. must have wished c. may have wished d. could have wished 第二節(jié): 完形填空(共20 小題; 每小題1 分, 滿分20 分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文, 從短文后各題所給的a、b、c、d 四個選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)

17、涂黑。the concept of solitude (獨(dú)處) in the digital world is almost non-existent. in the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be_36_. solitude can be hard to discover _37_it has been given up. in this respect, newtechnologies have _38_our

18、culture.the desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) _39_as weve known it. people have become so _40_in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted _41_theyd rather not be. today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (寫博客), not only from our _42_, but from our

19、 mobile phones as well.most developed nations have become _43_on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not _44_it would make them an outsider. _45_, many jobs and careers require people to be _46_. from this point of view, technology has changed the cultu

20、re of work. being reachable might feel like a _47_to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.i suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who _48_wants it. computers can be shut _49_and mobile phones can be turned off. the ability to be “connected”

21、and “ on”has many _50_, as well as disadvantages. travelers have ended up _51_on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. they can also make people feel _52_and forced to answer unwanted calls or_53_to unwanted texts.attitudes towards our connectedness as a society _54_ across genera

22、tions. some find todays technology a gift. others consider it a curse. regardless of anyones view on the subject, its hard to imagine what life would be like _55_daily advancements in technology.36. a. updated b. received c. shared d. collected37. a. though b. until c. once d. before38. a. respected

23、 b. shaped c. ignored d. preserved39. a. edge b. stage c. end d. balance40. a. sensitive b. intelligent c. considerate d. reachable41. a. even if b. only if c. as if d. if only42. a. media b. computers c. databases d. monitors43. a. bent b. hard c. keen d. dependent44. a. finding b. using c. protect

24、ing d. changing45. a. also b. instead c. otherwise d. somehow46. a. connected b. trained c. recommended d. interested47. a. pleasure b. benefit c. burden d. disappointment48. a. slightly b. hardly c. merely d. really49. a. out b. down c. up d. in50. a. aspects b. weaknesses c. advantages d. exceptio

25、ns51. a. hidden b. lost c. relaxed d. deserted52. a. trapped b. excited c. confused d. amused53. a. turn b. submit c. object d. reply54. a. vary b. arise c. spread d. exist55. a. beyond b. within c. despite d. without 第三部分: 閱讀理解(共15 小題; 每小題2 分, 滿分30 分)請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文, 從短文后各題所給的a、b、c、d 四個選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng), 并在答題卡

26、上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。a56. according to the survey, people left alone on a desert island would most want their_.a. mp3 player b. dog c. spouse/ partner d. celebrity57. which of the following is true about george clooney?a. he has been trained in wilderness survival. b. he may not be able to help you survive.c. he

27、does not think roseane is beautiful. d. he is the choice of most south african women.58. the survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents _.a. sex, age and nationality b. race, nationality and sexc. marriage, age and race d. age, sex and marriage bdeputy agriculture secretary kathleen mer

28、rigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping acrossamericas farmland. it has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel pricesand crop-eating insects. the countrys farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. national agricultural censu

29、s (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of farmers is the part over 65. merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more stude

30、nts to think about careers in agriculture. aside from trying to stop the graying of americas farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at no. 1 on a list of “useless” college degrees. top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has th

31、e attention of agricultural organizations across the country.“there couldnt be anything thats more incorrect,” merrigan said. “we know that there arent enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in american agriculture.”in addition, a growing world population that some experts pr

32、edict will require 70% more foodproduction by 2050, she said.“i truly believe were at a golden age of agriculture. global demand is at an all-time recordhigh, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,” said matt rush, director of the texas farmbureau. “production costs are going to be valuabl

33、e enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture.”the department of agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. the national young farmers coalition has also been pushing for state and federal

34、 policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.ryan best, president of future farmers of america, has been living out of a suitcase, travelingthe country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. the 21-year-old besthopes his messagethat this is a new time in agricultur

35、ewill motivate the next generation to turnaround the statistics. “never before have we had the innovations (創(chuàng)新) in technology which haveled to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said. “theres really a place for everybody to fit in.”59. what is the new challeng

36、e to american agriculture?a. fewer and older farmers. b. higher fuel prices.c. more natural disasters. d. lower agricultural output.60. why is merrigan visiting universities across the country?a. to draw federal agriculture officials attention.b. to select qualified agriculture graduates.c. to clari

37、fy a recent blog posting.d. to talk more students into farming careers.61. according to matt rush, american agriculture will provide opportunities for younger peoplebecause_.a. the government will cover production costsb. global food supplies will be even lowerc. investment in agriculture will be pr

38、ofitabled. america will increase its food export62. what do the underlined words “to turn around the statistics” in the last paragraph mean?a. to re-analyze the result of the national census.b. to increase agricultural production.c. to bring down the average age of farmers.d. to invest more in agric

39、ulture. cmedical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. one solution to this problem is toput the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the bodyand the body from themuntil theycan be released at just the right spot. there are lots of ways to trigger (引發(fā)) this release, including cha

40、nging temperature, acidity, and so on. but triggers can come with their own risksburns, for example. now, researchers in california have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (nir, 近紅外線) on the drug in the capsule.the idea of using light to liberate the drug

41、in the capsule isnt new. researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when theyabsorb either ultraviolet (uv, 紫外線) or visible light. but tissues also readily absorb uv andvisible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near

42、 the skin, where the light canreach the capsule. nir light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as atrigger. but few compounds (化合物) absorb nir well and go through chemical changes.that changed last year when adah almutairi, a chemist at the university of california, s

43、andiego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when itabsorbs nir light. their polymer used a commercially available nir-absorbing group calledo-nitrobenzyl (onb). when they catch the light, onb groups fall off the polymer, leading to itsbreakdown. but onb is o

44、nly a so-so nir absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when itseparates from the polymer.so almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules thats even better.this one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. cresol contains reac

45、tive(易反應(yīng)的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. after polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called bhc. when the bhcs absorb nir light, the reactive groups ar

46、e exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. whats more, almutairi says, bhc is 10 times better at absorbing nir than is onb and is not poisonous to cells.63. according to the passage, w

47、hich of the following could be the best trigger?a. temperature change. b. nir light. c. acidity change. d. uv light.64. why is onb unsatisfactory?a. it breaks down when it absorbs nir light.b. it falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.c. it has not come onto the market up till now.d. it is

48、not effective enough and could be poisonous.65. which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?a. protected b. formed c. exposed d. combined dfranz kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. ”i onceshared this sentence with a class of seventh grad

49、ers, and it didnt seem to require any explanation.wed just finished john steinbecks novel of mice and men. when we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did i. “are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a

50、closer look. “i am,” i told her, “andthe funny thing is ive read it many times.”but they understood. when george shoots lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was alwaysgoing to happen. in my 14 years of teaching in a new york city public middle school, ive taughtkids with imprisoned parents, abu

51、sive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parentsthemselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. they understand,more than i ever will, the novels terrible logicthe giving way of dreams to fate (命運(yùn)).for the last seven years, i have worked as a reading enrichment

52、 teacher, reading classic worksof literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. i originally proposed this idea tomy headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high schoolone that often attracts the literary-minded childr

53、en of manhattans upper classesinto a less competitive setting. the daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps feltuncomfortable with her new classmates. i thought additional “cultural capital” could help studentslike her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the firsttime, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned ph. d.s.along with of mice and men, my groups read: sounder, the red pony, lord of the flies, romeo and juliet and macbeth. the students didnt always read from the expected point of view.