[動詞非謂語形式]非謂語動詞的用法總結

1、動詞非謂語形式非謂語動詞的用法總結 動詞不定式 (一) 時態(tài) 1. 一般式 動詞不定式的一般式表示與謂語動詞同時或之后的行為。如： i want to have a rest i plan to attend the meeting 2. 完成式 不定式的完成式表示不定式的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前的行為。如： i m sorry to have kept you waiting. 3進行式 不定式的動作如果同謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生那么使用不定式的進行式。如： they seemed to be talking about something important. 4. 完成進行

2、式 不定式的完成進行式表示在謂語動詞之前已經發(fā)生，并且一直進行著的動作。如： he is said to have been working in that factory for twelve years. （二）動詞不定式用法： 1. 作主語 to master english gives us much help in the study of science 2. 作賓語 i want to leave here soon. he pretended to be a doctor. 3. 作表語 the most important thing is to study hard. 4.

3、 作賓語補足語 不定式作定語必須放在被修飾的名詞或代詞的后面。 i have no time to talk with her. 6. 作狀語 不定式作狀語時可以表示目的、原因、結果或條件。 i came here to learn from you ( 目的) i m very glad to heard the news。（原因） he is old enough to go to school.(結果) to look at him ,you cant help laughing. notes: 7. 不定式的復合結構。如：i found it hard for them to fini

4、sh the work in such a short time. it was clever of him to find his way here. 分詞 （一） 閑著分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別： 1. 現在分詞表主動；過去分詞表被動：burning forest; burned skin 2. 現在分詞表示動作正在進行；而過去分詞表示的動作已完成：eg: developing country; developed country 分詞擔當的成分 （1）定語 eg: they decided to change the material used (2)狀語 分詞常用來作狀語，表示時間、原因、方

5、式、結果、條件、讓步和伴隨情況。分詞作狀語，它的邏輯主語應與句子的主語保持一致。 relying on our own efforts , we can overe all the difficulties( 表原因) hearing the news, they all jumped with joy (表 時間) the teacher walked about the classroom, using his hands to help him in his explanation(表方式) the child fell, striking his head against the do

6、or and cutting it (結果) the students went out of the school, laughing and talking (表方式或伴隨情況) given better attention, the trees could grow better. 為了表示明確的時間或條件，有時刻在分詞前加上when;while;if 等連詞 when leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. while waiting for the train, i had a long talk with her.

7、 if translated word by word, the sentence will be meaningless. 分詞有時也可以有自己獨立的邏輯主語，分詞獨立主格結構，在很多情況下，表示時間、原因、條件或伴隨情況 weather permitting, the football match will be played on wednesday (條件) we went far into the forest, her father acting as guide.( 伴隨情況) so many people being absent, we decided to put the

8、meeting off.（原因） 3. 表語 the news is exciting ; she looked disappointed 4. 賓語補足語 don t you see him ing towards us 現在分詞的完成形式主要用在狀語中，表示的動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生。 having finished his homework, the boy began to watch tv (2)被動式 現在分詞的被動形式不僅表示被動的動作，而且表示這個動作正在進行；或這個動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。現在分詞的被動形式主要作定語、狀語和賓語補足語。 the pidge being b

9、uilt there will be one of the longest in china being surrounded ,the enemy were forced to put down their guns (3)完成被動式 having been given such a good chance, how could she give it up. 動名詞 用法： 1. 主語：reading aloud is very important in learning a foreign language. 2. 表語 their job is building houses 3. 賓

10、語 i enjoy seeing you and talking about old times need, want 后面的動名詞具有被動意義。 eg: your suit needs ironing 4. 定語 動名詞表示的多是被修飾的名詞的功能、用途。 eg: walking stick; walking tractor. children enjoy reading picture-story books (一般式) i apologize for not having kept my promise. (完成式) she didnt mind being left alone at home 動名詞的邏輯主語： 動名詞可以用物主代詞或名詞所有格來修飾，表示動名詞邏輯上的主語。do you mind my making