醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)詞匯表

1、Unit 1 The human body（插入部分）Medical TerminologyPrefixesMeaningExamplesa-, an-notwithoutasymptomatic 無(wú)癥狀的anemia 貧血de-reverseremove fromdefibrillator 除顫劑dehydration 脫水a(chǎn)b-away fromabductor 外展肌abnormality 異常ad-, ac-, af-, ag-towardadductor 內(nèi)收肌acceptor 受體afferent 傳入的，輸入的aggravate 加重，加?。ú∏榈龋゛nte-beforeforw

2、ardantenatal 產(chǎn)前的anteversion 前傾post-afterbehindpostpartal 產(chǎn)后的postdigestive 消化后的supra-abovebeyondsupracranial 顱上的supranasal 鼻上的infra-belowbeneathinfracostal 肋下的infrared 紅外線hyper-aboveexcessivebeyondhypertension 高血壓hyperglycemia 高血糖hypo-underdeficientbelowhypothalamus 下丘腦hypothyroidism 甲狀腺功能減退epi-above

3、overuponepithelial 上皮的epidermis 表皮sub-underbeneathsubcutaneous 皮下的subhepatic 肝下的intra-withinintravenous 靜脈內(nèi)的intramuscular 肌內(nèi)的extra-outsideextracellular 細(xì)胞外的extracranial 顱外的endo-insidewithinendocrine 內(nèi)分泌的endocarditis 心內(nèi)膜炎ex-, exo-outexocrine 外分泌的exotoxin 外毒素inter-betweenintercostal 肋間的interneuron 中間神

4、經(jīng)元circum-aroundcircumvascular 血管周的circumrenal 腎周的peri-aroundsurroundingpericardial 心包的periosteum骨膜ana-upbackwardagainstanabolism 合成代謝anatomy 解剖學(xué)cata-downundercatabolism 分解代謝catalysis 催化contra-againstoppositecontraindication 禁忌癥contraception 避孕anti-againstantibiotic 抗生素antiviral 抗病毒的；抗病毒藥dys-abnormal

5、difficultbadimpaireddyspepsia 消化不良dyspnea 呼吸困難eu-goodnormaleugenics 優(yōu)生學(xué)eupepsia 消化正常para-alongsidenearbeyondabnormalparasympathetic 副交感的parathyroid甲狀旁腺paralysis 癱瘓，麻痹dia-throughthroughoutdialysis 透析diagnosis 診斷bi-twobiceps 二頭肌bilateral 兩側(cè)的semi-halfsemipermeable 半透性的semilunar 半月形的meta-changemetabolis

6、m 新陳代謝metastasis 轉(zhuǎn)移trans-acrosstransplantation 移植術(shù)transaminase 轉(zhuǎn)氨酶ultra-beyondexcessultrasonography 超聲檢查法ultramicroscope 超顯微鏡Unit 2 Human diseases（插入部分）Medical TerminologySuffixesMeaningExamplesnominal ending-aactprocessconditionaerobia 需氧菌placenta 胎盤-elymphocyte 淋巴細(xì)胞isotope 同位素-iscutis 皮膚prognosis

7、預(yù)后-onneuron 神經(jīng)元colon 結(jié)腸-umcerebrum 大腦pericardium 心包-usstimulus 刺激物nucleus 核-ybiopsy 活組織檢查physiology 生理學(xué)adjectival ending-acpertaining tocardiac 心臟的；賁門的-aceoussebaceous 皮脂的-albuccal 頰的-armuscular 肌肉的-arybiliary 膽汁的-ealesophageal 食管的-icoptic 眼的；視力的-oryrespiratory 呼吸的-ousinfectious 傳染性的；感染性的mucous 粘液的d

8、iminutive suffixes-cul(e), -clesmalllittleventricular 心室的；腦室的corpuscle 小體，細(xì)胞vesicle 小水泡-ellorganelle 細(xì)胞器；小器官circellus 小環(huán)-ill(us, a, um)capillary 毛細(xì)血管bacillus 桿菌-olarteriole 小動(dòng)脈，微動(dòng)脈bronchiole 細(xì)支氣管-ul(e)venule 小靜脈，微靜脈lobule 小葉diseased condition-esisabnormal or pathological conditiondiauresis 利尿-ialeuk

9、emia 白血病-iasislithiasis 結(jié)石病-osisacidosis 酸中毒necrosis 壞死-aseenzymelipase 脂肪酶oxidase 氧化酶-osesugarfructose 果糖maltose 麥芽糖-in, -ineagentinsulin 胰島素epinephrine 腎上腺素immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白-itisinflammationarthritis 關(guān)節(jié)炎hepatitis 肝炎-omatumoradenoma 腺瘤hematoma 血腫-oidresemblingadenoid 腺樣的cystoid 囊樣的-icsname of a

10、sciencegenetics 遺傳學(xué)pediatrics 兒科學(xué)-icianan expert of a professionphysician 醫(yī)師，內(nèi)科醫(yī)師pediatrician 兒科醫(yī)師，兒科學(xué)家-istpractitioner of a professiondentist 口腔科醫(yī)師，牙醫(yī)physiologist 生理學(xué)家-ismactiona system of theory or practiceembolism 栓塞rheumatism 風(fēng)濕Unit 3 the skeletal system（插入部分）Medical TerminologyWord partsMeaning

11、 Examplesarthr(o)-jointarthritis 關(guān)節(jié)炎arthroplasty 關(guān)節(jié)造形術(shù)burs(o)-bursabursitis 滑液囊炎chondr(o)-cartilagechondritis 軟骨炎chondroma 軟骨瘤chondrocyte軟骨細(xì)胞coccy-coccyg(o)-coccyxsacrococcyx 骶尾骨coccygectomy 尾骨切除術(shù)cost(o)-ribintercostal 肋間的costochondralgia 肋軟骨痛crani(o)-craniumcraniomalacia 顱骨軟化craniostosis 顱縫先天骨化ili(

12、o)-iliumiliac 髂骨的iliopelvic 髂盆的myel(o)-bone marrowmyeloma 骨髓瘤ossi-boneossicle 聽(tīng)小骨ossification 骨化oste(o)-boneosteitis 骨炎o(hù)steoma 骨瘤osteocyte 骨細(xì)胞pelvi(o)-pelvispelvic 骨盆的pelvisection 骨盆切開(kāi)術(shù)rachi(o)-spinerachialgia 脊柱痛rachianesthesia 脊髓麻醉(法)sacr(o)-sacrumsacral 骶骨的sacrodynia 骶部痛spondyl(o)-vertebraspondyl

13、opathy 脊椎病cervicospondylopathy 頸椎病ten(o)-tend(o)-tendin(o)-tendontendonitis腱炎tenorrhaphy 腱縫合術(shù)tendinous 腱的tenalgia 腱痛vertebr(o)-vertebraintervertebral 椎骨間的vertebrectomy 椎骨切除術(shù)malac(o)-softeningosteomalacia 骨軟化chondromalacia 軟骨軟化-porosis porousosteoporosis 骨質(zhì)疏松癥-astheniaweaknessloss of strengthmyasthen

14、ia 肌無(wú)力neurasthenia 神經(jīng)衰弱troph(o)-developmentstimulationmaintenanceatrophy 萎縮hypertrophy 肥大malac(o)-softeningmalacosteon 骨軟化arteriomalacia 動(dòng)脈軟化alg(o)-alges(o)-painmyalgia 肌痛arthralgia 關(guān)節(jié)痛analgesia 痛覺(jué)缺失Unit 4 the muscular system（插入部分）Medical TerminologyWord PartsMeaning Examplespath(o)-diseasepathogene

15、sis 發(fā)病機(jī)制nephropathy 腎病morph(o)-formshapemorphology 形態(tài)學(xué)amorphous 無(wú)形態(tài)的morphometry 形態(tài)測(cè)量my(o)-musclemyocardial 心肌的myotonia 肌強(qiáng)直muscul(o)-musclemusculoskeletal 肌骨骼的musculin 肌球蛋白fibr(o)-fiberfibroma 纖維瘤fibrin 纖維蛋白fasci(o)-fasciafasciodesis 筋膜固定術(shù)fasciitis 筋膜炎fascioplasty 筋膜成形術(shù)ten(o)-tend(o)-tendin(o)-tendon

16、tenorrhaphy 腱縫合術(shù)tenostosis 腱骨化tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎ton(o)-tonecardiotonic 強(qiáng)心劑, 強(qiáng)心的tonofibril 張力原纖維kinesi(o)-kinet(o)-movementdyskinesia 運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙pharmacokinetics 藥動(dòng)學(xué)alg(o)-painmyalgia 肌痛cephalalgia 頭痛algesthesis 痛覺(jué)neuralgia 神經(jīng)痛-itisinflammation dermatomyositis 皮肌炎fasciitis 筋膜炎my(o)-musclemyocardium 心肌electro

17、myography 肌電圖myonecrosis 肌肉壞死poly-manypolymyositis 多肌炎polyadenitis 多腺炎theli(o)-skinendothelium 內(nèi)皮epithelial 上皮subendothelial 內(nèi)皮下spasm(o)-spasmmyospasmia 肌痙攣病bronchospasm 支氣管痙攣necr(o)-deathosteonecrosis 骨壞死necrotomy 尸體解剖tri-threetrimester 孕期的三個(gè)月tricycle 三輪車triangle 三角plas-growthdevelopmentaplasia 不發(fā)育

18、dysplasia 發(fā)育不良fibroplasia 纖維組織形成hyperplasia 增生Unit 5 the digestive systemMedical TerminologyWord PartsMeaningExamplesbucc(o)-cheekbucca臉頰buccopulpal頰與牙髓的dent(o)-odont(o)-toothlabiodental 唇齒的orthodontics 正牙學(xué)periodontium 牙周組織or(o)-mouthoral 口的oropharynx 口咽stom(o)-stomat(o)-mouthstomatitis 口腔炎stomatomy

19、cosis 口霉菌病peristomatous 口周的nas(o)-nosenasogastric 鼻飼的nasopalatine 鼻腭esophag(o)-esophagusesophagogastrostomy 食管胃吻合術(shù)pharyng(o)-pharynxpharyngitis 咽炎pharyngoxenosis 咽喉干燥sial(o)-salivasialorrhea 流涎siaolith 涎石lingu(o)-tonguesublingual 舌下的linguodental 舌齒的gloss(o)-tongueglossotomy 舌切開(kāi)術(shù)glossopharyngeal舌咽的gi

20、ngiv(o)-gumsgingivitis 牙齦炎gingivectomy 牙齦切除術(shù)gastr(o)-stomachgastroenteritis 胃腸炎gastrorrhagia 胃出血jejun(o)-jejunumjejunoileitis 空腸回腸炎jejunorrhaphy 空腸縫合術(shù)ile(o)-ileumileocolitis 回腸結(jié)腸炎ileectomy 回腸切除術(shù)append(o)-appendic(o)-appendixappendectomy 闌尾切除術(shù)appendicitis 闌尾炎bili-gallbilebilirubin膽紅素biliation 膽汁生成cho

21、le(o)-chol(o)-gallbilecholelithiasis 膽結(jié)石cholestasis 膽汁淤積cholecystitis 膽囊炎cec(o)-cecumcecorrhaphy 盲腸縫合術(shù)cecopexy 盲腸固定術(shù)col(o)-colon(o)-coloncolonoscope 結(jié)腸鏡colostomy 結(jié)腸造口術(shù)duoden(o)-duodenumgastroduodenal 胃十二指腸的duodenectomy 十二指腸切除術(shù)enter(o)-intestine, usually the small intestinegastroenterologist 胃腸道專家ent

22、eropathy 腸道疾病peritone(o)-peritoneumperitonealgia 腹膜痛peritoneocentesis 腹腔穿刺術(shù)peritoneography 腹膜造影術(shù)pancreat(o)-pancreaspancreatic 胰腺的pancreolysis 胰組織破壞proct(o)-rectumprotology 直腸科protopexy 直腸固定術(shù)rect(o)-rectumrectovesical 直腸膀胱的pararectal 直腸旁的an(o)-anusanoplasty 肛門成形術(shù)anoscope 肛門鏡sigmoid(o)-sigmoid colons

23、igmoiditis十二指腸炎sigmoidotomy 十二指腸切開(kāi)術(shù)splen(o)-spleensplenomegaly 脾腫大splenic 脾的hepat(o)-liverhepatatrophia 肝萎縮hepatomegaly 肝腫大hepatonecrosis 肝壞死lapar(o)-abdomenlaparocele 腹疝laparoscopy 腹腔鏡檢查abdomin(o)-abdomenabdominouterotomy 腹式子宮切開(kāi)術(shù)transabdominal 經(jīng)腹的aliment(o)-foodnutrientalimentary 營(yíng)養(yǎng)的hyperalimentati

24、on 營(yíng)養(yǎng)過(guò)度carb(o)-carbon(o)-carboncarbohydrate 碳水化合物carbonate 碳酸鹽pepsi(o)-digestionpepsin 胃蛋白酶dyspepsodynia 消化不良性痛-rrhexisrupturehepatorrhexis 肝破裂ophthalmorrhexis 眼球破裂-celeherniaprotrusioncecocele 盲腸突出colpocele 陰道疝，陰道脫垂lith(o)-stonelithodialysis 溶石術(shù)，碎石術(shù)cholelithiasis 膽結(jié)石-ptosisptosiscoloptosis 結(jié)腸下垂prop

25、tosis 前垂，突出Unit 6 the respiratory system（插入部分）Medical TerminologyWord PartsMeaningExamplesnas(o)-nosenasitis 鼻炎nasopharyngitis 鼻咽炎rhin(o)-noserhinallergosis 過(guò)敏性鼻炎rhinorrhagia 鼻出血pharyng(o)-pharynxpharyngitis 咽炎pharyngoscopy 鏡檢laryng(o)-larynxlaryngitis 喉炎laryngotracheobronchitis 喉氣管支氣管炎tracheo-trach

26、ea tracheitis氣管炎tracheolaryngotomy 氣管喉切開(kāi)術(shù)bronch(o)-bronchusbronchitis支氣管炎bronchoalveolitis 支氣管肺炎bronchoscopy 支氣管鏡檢查lob(o)-lobelobitis 葉炎pneum(o)-pneumon(o)-pneumat(o)-lungairpneumoenteritis 肺腸炎pneumolithiasis 肺石病pneumonia 肺炎pneumorrhagia 肺出血pulm(o)-pulmon(o)-lungpulmonitis 肺炎pulmogram 肺X線照片pulmonary

27、 肺的spir(o)-breathingspirometer 肺量計(jì)spiroscope 呼吸量檢測(cè)器pne(o)-breathingapnea 呼吸暫停bradypnea 呼吸緩慢alveol(o)-alveolusalveolitis 牙槽炎alveoloplasty 牙槽成形術(shù)thorac(o)-chestthoracostomy 胸廓造口術(shù)thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺pleur(o)-pleurapleurectomy 胸膜切除術(shù)pleuropneumonia 胸膜肺炎cyan(o)-bluecyanopsia 藍(lán)視癥cyanemia 青血癥，紺血癥orth(o)-stra

28、ightorthodontia 正牙學(xué)orthopnea 端坐呼吸ox(o)-oxi-oxy-oxygenoxide 氧化物antioxidant 抗氧化物phon(o)-voiceaphonia 失音phonophotography 聲波照相術(shù)phren(o)-diaphragm; phrenitis 膈炎paraphrenitis 膈周組織炎sin(o)-sinussinobronchitis 竇支氣管炎perisinuitis 竇周炎aer(o)-airaerobic 有氧的anaerobic 無(wú)氧的；厭氧的aerobe 需氧菌 allerg(o)- allergyallergen 過(guò)敏

29、原allergic過(guò)敏的 sten(o)-narrowingbronchostenosis 支氣管狹窄rectostenosis 直腸狹窄-ectasisdilatationbronchiectasia 支氣管擴(kuò)張corectasia 瞳孔擴(kuò)大venectasia 靜脈曲張Unit 7 cardiovascular system: blood and blood circulation（插入部分）Medical TerminologyWord PartsMeaningExampleserythr(o)-rederythrocyte 紅細(xì)胞cyt(o)-cellmegakaryocyte 巨核細(xì)

30、胞 hepatocyte 肝細(xì)胞cytopenia 細(xì)胞減少hemat(o)-bloodhematocrit 血細(xì)胞比容 hematology 血液病學(xué)hematuria 血尿micro-smalltinymicroscope 顯微鏡microorganism 微生物microbe 微生物a-/an-notwithoutanemia 貧血anucleate 無(wú)細(xì)胞核的asymptomatic 無(wú)癥狀的hem(o)-bloodhemoglobin 血紅蛋白hemolysis 溶血hemorrhage 出血leuk(o)-whiteleukocyte 白細(xì)胞leukemia 白血病endo-inn

31、erwithinendocardium 心內(nèi)膜endocrine 內(nèi)分泌endoscopy 內(nèi)窺鏡檢de-lack ofdownlossdeoxygenated 脫氧的dehydration 脫水degeneration 變性-emiablood conditionleukemia 白血病hypercalcemia 高鈣血癥anemia 貧血pen(o)-deficiencyerythrocytopenis 紅細(xì)胞減少calcipenia鈣缺乏，鈣質(zhì)減少rrhe(o)-flowhematorrhea 大出血seborrhea 皮脂溢antidiarrheal 止瀉藥rrhag(o)-exces

32、sive flowcholerrhagia 膽汁溢出rhinorrhagia 鼻出血megalo-enlargementmegalocardia 心肥大splenomegaly 脾臟腫大megaloblast 巨成紅細(xì)胞-lys(o)breakdownseparationhemolysis 溶血analysis 分析paralysis 癱瘓phil-lovehemophilia 血友病hydrophilia 親水性-omatumorlymphoma 淋巴瘤carcinoma 癌癥fibroma 纖維瘤-osesugarglucose 葡萄糖maltose 麥芽糖lactose 乳糖gen(o)-originationproductioncardiogenic 心源性的antigen 抗原glycogen 糖原-ol(e)-ul(e)smallvenule 小靜脈arteriole 小動(dòng)脈lobule 小葉tom(o)-cuttomography 體層斷層照影術(shù)bronchotomy 支氣管切開(kāi)術(shù)ga