高考英語名詞性從句復習

1、瀏陽市職業(yè)中專瀏陽市職業(yè)中專 劉亮汝劉亮汝一、相關概念二、種類三、常見引導詞四、七大?？伎键c1.thatwhatwhich 2.it形式主語、賓語的用法3.語序問題 4.同位語從句和定從的區(qū)別5.whatwhatever6.ifwhether 7.虛擬語氣問題五、高考定語從句和名詞性從句考題. 什么叫什么叫“名詞性從句名詞性從句”？v名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞名詞性從句在功能上相當于名詞主語主語 His job is important.What he does is important.表語表語This is his job.This is what he does every day.

2、賓語賓語 I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.同位語同位語 I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher.相關概念1.名詞名詞：表示人或事物的名稱的詞：表示人或事物的名稱的詞2.名詞的句法作用名詞的句法作用：名詞在句中主要作：名詞在句中主要作主語主語,賓語賓語,表語和同位語表語和同位語。另外還可以作。另外還可以作定語定語,狀語狀語。3.名詞性從句名詞性從句： 在英語的句子結構中，本來該由名詞在英語的

3、句子結構中，本來該由名詞充當?shù)某洚數(shù)闹髦?語語、賓語賓語、表語表語和和同位語同位語，由，由一個句子來充當一個句子來充當,這個句子就叫這個句子就叫:名詞性從句。名詞性從句。1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3. My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句二、二、

4、名詞性從句的種類名詞性從句的種類（動詞、介詞、形容詞之后的賓從）（動詞、介詞、形容詞之后的賓從）1）從屬連詞）從屬連詞that只引導，本身無意義，僅起只引導，本身無意義，僅起引導作用。（引導賓語從句時引導作用。（引導賓語從句時省，但是如省，但是如果是并列的多個賓語從句，只能省第一個）果是并列的多個賓語從句，只能省第一個）2）連接代詞）連接代詞who,whom,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等，有意義，作成分等，有意義，作成分3）連接副詞）連接副詞where,when,how,why等，有意義，等，有意義，在句中作狀語在句中作狀語4）從屬連詞）從屬連詞

5、if,whether（是否）（是否）(if 只能引導動只能引導動詞、形容詞之后的賓語從句詞、形容詞之后的賓語從句) 1._he said has nothing to do with you.2. _well start tomorrow will be told soon.3. _he did such a thing satisfied me.4_ we can protect cultural relics needs to be discussed.whatwhenThatHow1.誰會去不重要。誰會去不重要。2.上周他突然生病讓我們都驚訝。上周他突然生病讓我們都驚訝。3.問題是誰能去

6、那。問題是誰能去那。4.我對你說的感興趣。我對你說的感興趣。5.我希望一切都好。我希望一切都好。6.他得了那個獎的消息讓我們都高興。他得了那個獎的消息讓我們都高興。 1. _ he said it made us angry . _ he said at the meeting made us angry. 2. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. whereThatWhatA考點考點1：連接詞：連接詞： that 與與 what 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別

7、 That (a new teacher will come to our school ) is true . What we cant get seems better than what we have .that 只起連接作用，無意義，在從句中不只起連接作用，無意義，在從句中不 充當任何成分充當任何成分 what 既有連接作用，既有連接作用， 又要在從句中作成分又要在從句中作成分（ 主語，賓語，主語，賓語， 表語）表語）( 的東西的東西;物物;話話;時間時間;地點地點;人物人物;數(shù)目等不同概念數(shù)目等不同概念) 1.After five hours drive, they reached

8、 was the place theyd been dreaming of. 2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at was a dangerous speed. 3. The way he did it was different from we were used to. 4._ the earth is round is known to us all.5. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a comp

9、uter.whatwhat whatThatthatp We hope, on the contrary, _ he can go climbing with us. A. that B. / C. whether D. when 如果賓語從句前有插入語，如果賓語從句前有插入語，thatthat不能省略不能省略p Having checked the air-conditioner was closed, and _ all the lights were off, we left the office. A. after B. that C. when D. whereB : what (什

10、么什么) / which ( 表選擇表選擇, 哪一個哪一個) 1. -Do you know_Mr Blacks address is ? -He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of _. 2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? whatwhichwhich1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

11、高考題選萃高考題選萃2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter3) Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is - not ever. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 1.他犯了那樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。他犯了那樣一個錯誤真是遺憾。_ is a pity .2.他來不來不重要。他來不來不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt

12、matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that考點考點 2 ：it作形式主語作形式主語,形式賓語的用法形式賓語的用法 it 作形式主語作形式主語Whether he will come or notIt is well known/reported/thought/ said thatIt is clear/necessary/certain/true thatIt is a pity/a shame/an honor thatIt doesnt matter whetherIt seems that It happens

13、that 1. _is known to all, Taiwan is only part of China. A. As B. That C. Which D.What 2. It is known to all_ Taiwan is only part of China.A. as B. that C. if D. for 3. It was on Sunday _ I met him. A. that B.when C. what D.which （非限制性定語從句）（非限制性定語從句）（強調句）（強調句）主語從句主語從句 (2) it 指代后面從句所敘述的內容指代后面從句所敘述的內容,

14、常用常用于這些動詞后于這些動詞后, like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make + it 后常跟后常跟if 或或when從句從句 . it 作形式賓語作形式賓語 (1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to doI hate it when people laugh at the disabled .*(3) depend on it that 1. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A.

15、 this B. that C. it D. one2.You may depend on _ that you parents will help you whenever you need it. A. them B. yourself C. it D. me 1.The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like v2.

16、You can hardly imagine _when he heard the news .vA. how he was excitedvB. how was he excitedvC. how excited he wasvD. he was how excited3.He asked_for a violinA. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 4.What time do you think _?A.will Besty come here B.Besty w

17、ill come hereC.is Besty coming hereD.can Besty get here考點考點4 4 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句一般跟在名詞同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面后面, 用以說用以說明或解釋前面的名詞的內容明或解釋前面的名詞的內容.定語從句：對先行詞起修飾限制作用定語從句：對先行詞起

18、修飾限制作用The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .The news that we know from her excited all of us .解釋說明；解釋說明；that在從句中不充當成分在從句中不充當成分但是不能省。但是不能省。修飾限定；修飾限定；that在從句中充當成分、在從句中充當成分、作賓語時可以省。作賓語時可以省。同位語從句同位語從句定語從定語從句句1.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value.2. The suggestio

19、n that he made is of great value.3.The fact that he won the first place cant be denied.4.The fact that he told me excited me.同位語從句同位語從句同位語從句同位語從句定語從定語從句句定語從定語從句句注注: 1. 1. 同位語從句多用同位語從句多用that 引導引導2. 在在have no idea 之后常用之后常用wh-引導同位語從句引導同位語從句. I have no idea where he has gone.I have no idea when he did i

20、t.I have no idea what he did.考點考點5.選擇填空選擇填空（what,whatever,who,whoever)v1._ was said here must be kept secret.v2. _we need is more time.v3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.v4._ breaks the law will be punished. WhateverWhatWhoWhoeverv _等引導的等引導的名詞性從句名詞性從句不含有疑問意義不含有疑問意義，相，相當于名詞后加一個定

21、語從句，而當于名詞后加一個定語從句，而v_等引導的等引導的名詞性從句都名詞性從句都含有疑問意義含有疑問意義。whoever, whateverWho, what 請你歸納請你歸納who,whoever/what,whatever ?1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A.Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever高考題選萃高考題選萃2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A.anyone B. whom

22、ever C.whoever D.no matter who 注：注：wh-ever 既可引導名詞性從句既可引導名詞性從句又可引導讓步狀語從句又可引導讓步狀語從句no matter wh- 只引導讓步狀語從句只引導讓步狀語從句 3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 考點考點6.用用if 或或whether 填空填空v1. I dont know _Ill be free tomorrow.v2.

23、 It seemed as if he was indifferent(漠漠然然)_ he could get into a lifeboat.v3. The question is _ this vbook is worth writing.whether /ifwhetherifv4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.v5. _ they can do it matters little to us.a.主語從句、表語從句、同位語從主語從句、表語從句、同位語從 句、句、 介詞后面的賓語從句只能用介詞后面的賓語從句只能用whether， 不

24、能用不能用if ；b.后面緊跟后面緊跟 or not 時時, 用用whetherc.賓語從句是否定結構時只用賓語從句是否定結構時只用ifwhetherWhether 1._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where1.在在order，demand，request，advise，等所接的等所接的賓賓語從句語從句中用中用should 型虛擬語氣。型虛擬語氣。should 常省略常省略。 2.在在order，suggestion等名詞后等名詞后同位語從句，表同位語從句，表語從句

25、語從句中用中用should 型虛擬語氣，可省略型虛擬語氣，可省略should3.在在as if，as though引導的引導的表語從句表語從句中，在必要中，在必要的情況下應用過去式虛擬語氣。的情況下應用過去式虛擬語氣。4.在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、 理應如此等理應如此等,謂語動詞用虛擬語氣謂語動詞用虛擬語氣“(should) +do”,常用的句型有常用的句型有：（1）It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that. （2） It is a pity(a shame, no w

26、onder, etc.) that. （3） It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that.如如: It is strange that she (should) think so. 2.His suggestion was that we_another meeting to discuss the question. A. hold B. would hold C. held D. holding 1.It is necessary that a college student _ at least a foreign

27、language. A. masters B. should master C. mastered D. will master 5. wish后，從句中的時態(tài)在原本的時態(tài)上退一步，后，從句中的時態(tài)在原本的時態(tài)上退一步，即即 wish that did/were(跟現(xiàn)在相反跟現(xiàn)在相反)would +do (跟將來相反跟將來相反)had done (跟過去相反跟過去相反)I wish that I _that film star yesterday.A saw B. had seen C would see D has seen would rather that sb did sth sb h

28、ad done 補充：名詞性從句中的時態(tài)問題補充：名詞性從句中的時態(tài)問題1. Scientists think that the continents _ always where they _ today. A. arent; are B. arent; were C. werent; are D. werent; were 當主句的動詞為現(xiàn)在和將來時態(tài)時，名詞性從當主句的動詞為現(xiàn)在和將來時態(tài)時，名詞性從句中的動作根據(jù)所發(fā)生的時間來定，可以有各句中的動作根據(jù)所發(fā)生的時間來定，可以有各種時態(tài)；當主句的動詞為過去時態(tài)時，從句中種時態(tài)；當主句的動詞為過去時態(tài)時，從句中的動作一般都要使用相應的過去時

29、，除非表示的動作一般都要使用相應的過去時，除非表示客觀真理。又如：客觀真理。又如：C2. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. A. went B. are going C. have gone D. had goneD1.她肯定會在考試中考得好。她肯定會在考試中考得好。2.已經(jīng)決定把會議推遲到下周一了。已經(jīng)決定把會議推遲到下周一了。3.他應當改進他的發(fā)音，我們認為這是必要的。他應當改進他的發(fā)音，我們認為這是必要的。4.你要相信我會一直幫助你的。（你要相信我會一直幫助你的。（depend on）5.是否開會還是個問題。是否開會還是個問題。6.我不關心他是否回來。我不關心他是否回來。7.他們需要的是一本好課本。他們需要的是一本好課本。8.這就是我們的問題所在。這就是我們的問題所在。9.這正是我從里面找到答案的那本書。這正是我從里面找到答案的那本書。10.這正是我丟失的那本書。這正是我丟失的那本書。 做題三步曲：做題三步曲： 步驟一：首先把主句和從句區(qū)分步驟一：首先把主句和從句區(qū)分開來。開來。步驟二：分析從句缺何種成分。步驟二：