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1、| 專題 22 短文改錯(cuò)2018 年高考題【2018全國i 】短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(),并在其下面寫出該加的次。刪除:把多余的用斜線()劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: (1). 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;(2). 只允許修改10 處,多者(從第l1 處起)不計(jì)分。71. during my last winter holiday, i went to countryside with m
2、y father to visit my grandparents. i find a change there. the first time i went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. last winter when i went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. they also iwent here again,they had a big sepa
3、rnte house to raise dozens of chicken.they also had a small pond,which they raised fish. my grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. i felt happily that their life had improved. at the end of our trip, i told my father that i planned to return for every two years, but he ag
4、reed. 【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在去年寒假期間和父親去鄉(xiāng)下拜訪爺爺奶奶過程中的所見所聞,由此講述了鄉(xiāng)下的巨大變化。3. another改成 other 考查形容詞的用法。他們住在一個(gè)小房子里,院子里有狗、鴨子和其他牲畜。根據(jù)句意可知,將another改成 other 。4. here改成 there 考查副詞及語意理解。去年冬天我又一次去了那里。故將here 改成 there 。5. chicken改成 chickens 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。他們擁有一個(gè)大的獨(dú)立住宅,還養(yǎng)了許多只雞。根據(jù)前文的 dozens of可知,其后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。| 7. sell改成 selling
5、 考查動(dòng)名詞。去年夏天他們通過賣魚掙了一大筆錢。此處介詞by 后用動(dòng)名詞,故用 selling。8. happily改成 happy 考查形容詞作表語。他們的生活有了很大提高,我感到很高興。此處形容詞作表語,故將happily改成 happy。9. 刪除 for 考查介詞的用法。時(shí)間名詞有every ,each, last等詞修飾時(shí),其前不用介詞。故刪除 for 。10. but改成 and 考查并列連詞的用法。我計(jì)劃每兩年回來一次,他同意了。此處是并列關(guān)系,故將 but 改成 and。點(diǎn)睛:本文中第9 處改錯(cuò)是學(xué)生容易忽視的考點(diǎn)。時(shí)間名詞有every ,each,last ,this ,th
6、at等詞修飾時(shí),其前不用介詞。例: we are going to fish this morning. i finished the course last winter holiday. 【2018全國 ii 】短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文,文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處,每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪改或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: ( 1). 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;(2). 只允許修改10 處
7、,多者(從第11 處起)不計(jì)分。71. when i was little, friday s night was our family game night. after supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room. as the kid, i loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times i asked to watching them, my parents would not to let me. they would say to us
8、that playing card games would help my brain. still i unwilling to play the games for them sometimes. i didn t realize how right my parents are until i entered high school. the games my parents taught me where i was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. 【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷。小時(shí)候周五
9、夜晚家長不允許作者看卡通片,| 而是讓他和他們一塊兒玩撲克牌游戲。長大后作者才明白,這些紙牌游戲在后來的生活中很有用。第一處:考查名詞。名詞作定語,往往表明被修飾名詞的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、類別、目的或用途、材料或來源等。名詞所有格作定語則強(qiáng)調(diào)與被修飾的詞的所有關(guān)系或表示邏輯上的謂語關(guān)系。此處表示“星期五晚上”,并不是所有關(guān)系,故把friday s 改為 friday 。第二處:考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。all表示三者或三者以上,后用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故把sort改為 sorts 。第三處:考查冠詞。這里表示“作為一個(gè)孩子”,a 用在表示泛指的單數(shù)名詞前,the 表示特指。故把the改為 a。第四處:考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意
10、:無論我要求多少次要去看(卡通片)。用不定式表示目的。故把watching改為 watch。第五處:考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。would 后跟動(dòng)詞原形,故把to 刪除。第十處:考查賓語從句的連接詞。句意:當(dāng)我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候我父母教給我的紙牌游戲在我日后的生活中證明非常有用。賓語從句連接詞并不是表示地點(diǎn)狀語,而是時(shí)間狀語。故把where 改為 when。點(diǎn)晴:名詞作定語與名詞所有格作定語的區(qū)別。一般來說,名詞作定語通常說明被修飾的詞的性質(zhì),而名詞所有格作定語則強(qiáng)調(diào)對被修飾的詞的所有(權(quán)) 關(guān)系或表示邏輯上的謂語關(guān)系?!皌he party members (黨員)”中,名詞定語表示members的性質(zhì);“ t
11、he party s calls (黨的號召)”中,party 具有動(dòng)作發(fā)出者的作用, calls雖然是名詞,卻具有動(dòng)作的含義。a student teacher實(shí)習(xí)教師, a student s teacher一位學(xué)生的老師?!?018全國 iii】假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文,文中共有 10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處,每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪改或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.
12、 只允許修改10 處,多者(從第11 處起)不計(jì)分。| it was monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. i had done mys
13、elf homework but i was shy. i was afraid that to speak in front of a larger group of people. at that moment, i remembered that my father once said, the classroom is a place for learning and that include leaning from textbooks, and mistake as well. immediate, i raised my hand. 【解析】本文為記敘文。文章主要介紹了寫作課上作
14、者克服恐懼心理主動(dòng)回答問題的故事。第一處: 考查時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成。 根據(jù)語境可知, 句子用過去完成時(shí),過去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成是had done,所以 begin要改為 begun。第二處:考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子成分分析,本句有謂語為was,而且沒有連詞,與主語是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以 wait 要用非謂語waiting,表伴隨。第三處:考查連詞。句意: 每個(gè)人都沉默了,等著看誰會(huì)被要求朗讀他或她的段落。一次只能叫一個(gè)人,男女兩者是選擇關(guān)系,故把a(bǔ)nd 改為 or。第九處:考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。錯(cuò)誤不是一個(gè),所以要用復(fù)數(shù)。第十處:考查副詞。此處要用副詞在句中做狀語修飾整個(gè)句子,故把immediate 改為 immedia
15、tely。【點(diǎn)睛】此題中的難點(diǎn)為非謂語動(dòng)詞的考查,如第二處錯(cuò)誤,第五處錯(cuò)誤,第二處解答時(shí)要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)句中是否有謂語,連詞來判斷使用謂語還是非謂語,再根據(jù)句子主語everyone ,與wait 之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞。而第五處則主要考查be afraid to do 這一短語。2017 年高考題短文改錯(cuò)記敘文2017全國卷假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號( ) ,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。| 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線() 劃掉。修改
16、:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2只允許修改10 處,多者 ( 從第 11 處起 ) 不計(jì)分。in the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, i took driving lessons. i still remember how hard first day was. before getting into the car, i thought i had learned the instructors orders, so once i started the car,
17、my mind goes blank. i forgot what he had said to me altogether. the instructor kept repeating the word, “speed up!” “slow down!” “turning left!” i was so much nervous that i could hardly tell which direction was left. a few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. it was a relief and i
18、 came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road. 答案 in the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, i took driving lessons. i still eighteenth remember how hard first day was. before getting into the car, i thought i had learned the the/my instructors orders, so once i started the car,
19、 my mind goes blank. i forgot what he had said to me but/yet went altogether. the instructor kept repeating the word, “speed up!” “slow down!”“turning words turn left!” i was so much nervous that i could hardly tell which direction was left. a few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the ca
20、r. it was a relief and i came to a suddenly stop just in the later sudden middle on the road. of 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在暑假期間考駕照第一天發(fā)生的故事。| 3. so改為 but 或 yet 考查連詞。根據(jù)句意可知作者本以為自己已經(jīng)掌握了教練說的話,結(jié)果一發(fā)動(dòng)車,腦中一片空白。前后文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故將so 改為 but 或 yet 。4. goes改為 went 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前文中的started可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí),故將goes 改為 went 。5. word改為 w
21、ords 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。教練一直喊“加速”“減速”“左轉(zhuǎn)”。 word 表示某人說的話時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,故將word 改為 words。6. turning改為 turn 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析語境可知教練的話“加速”“減速”“左轉(zhuǎn)”都是祈使句,根據(jù)前文“ speed up!” “slow down!”也可以看得出來。祈使句應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形開頭,故將turning改為 turn。9. suddenly改為 sudden 考查形容詞。“我”緊急剎車。suddenly是副詞,表示“意外地,忽然地”。sudden 為形容詞, 表示“突然的, 迅速的”, 修飾名詞 stop 。 a sudden stop 表
22、示“急剎車”。 故將 suddenly改為 sudden。10. on 改為 of 考查介詞。 分析語境可知作者表示“在路中間急剎車”。on the road 表示“在路上”, the middle of the road表示“路的中央”,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“the middle ”。故將on 改為 of ?!久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】1. 謂語動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn),常見動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)錯(cuò)用;and 前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;主謂不一致;缺少動(dòng)詞,特別是be 動(dòng)詞;第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)錯(cuò)用。2. 名詞的常見錯(cuò)誤:單復(fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用,可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。例如第 75 題將
23、word 改為 words。word 的意思主要是“單詞,消息”,words 可以表示為word 的復(fù)數(shù),| 也表示某人說的話。這里指教練說的那些話,故將word 改為 words。3. 冠詞錯(cuò)誤:誤用a 和 an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來判定);誤用 a/an 和 the (固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)例如第 72 題 first前加 the 或 my 。句中特指開始學(xué)駕照的第一天,所以在first前加上 the 。也可以加上 my,my first day表示“我(學(xué)駕照)的第一天”。故在 first前加 the 或 my 。4. 形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤:系動(dòng)詞(am/is/are/w
24、as/were/become/go)和感官性動(dòng)詞(smell/feel)后用形容詞;詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞)。例如第 79 題將 suddenly 改為 sudden。suddenly 是副詞, 表示“意外地, 忽然地”。 sudden 為形容詞,表示“突然的;迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急剎車” 。故將 suddenly 改為 sudden。5. 代詞錯(cuò)誤:代詞的主格和賓格(i/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)錯(cuò)誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves
25、/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;多代詞或少代詞。6. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的常見錯(cuò)誤:不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語、賓語時(shí);and 連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致;介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語;某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。例如第76 題將 turning改為 turn。分析語境可知教練的話“加速”, “減速”, “左轉(zhuǎn)”都是祈使句,根據(jù)前文 “speed up! ” “slow down!”也可以看得出來。祈使句應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形,故將 turning改為 turn。7. 介詞錯(cuò)誤:詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用。例如第 80 題將 on 改為 of 。
26、分析語境可知作者表示“在路中間急剎車”,on the road 表示“在路上” , the middle of the road表示“路的中央” ,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“ the middle” 。故將 on 改為 of 。2017全國卷假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號( ) ,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線() 劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2只允許修改10 處,多者
27、 ( 從第 11 處起 ) 不計(jì)分。mr and mrs zhang all work in our school. they live far from the school,and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. in their spare time,they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden,that is on the rooftop of their house. they often get up earlier
28、 and | water the vegetables together.they have also bought for some gardening tools. beside ,they often get some useful informations from the internet. when summer came , they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables! 答案 mr and mrs zhang all work in our school. they live far from the sch
29、ool,and it takes them both 或allabout a hour and a half to go to work every day. in their spare time,they are interesting in an/one interested planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. they often get up which earlier and water the vegetables together. they have also
30、bought for some gardening tools. early beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. when summer came, besides information comes they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables! to 解析 考查記敘文,本文主要講了張先生和張?zhí)娜粘9ぷ骱蜕睢?. beside改為 besides 考查副詞的用法。besides 在此表示“除了還”。8. informat
31、ions改為 information 考查不可數(shù)名詞。information為不可數(shù)名詞。9. came 改為 comes 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。此處指“當(dāng)夏天來臨時(shí)”,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。10. students后加 to 考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。invite sb to do sth邀請某人做某事?!久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】| 高考短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)層次一般而言可依次分為詞法的測試、句法的測試和語篇的測試三個(gè)層面。考點(diǎn)層次越高,就越能測試出考生運(yùn)用語言的能力。低層次的考點(diǎn)往往側(cè)重于語法方面的考查,而高層次的考點(diǎn)往往側(cè)重于考生對文章意義方面的理解。一、詞法改錯(cuò)詞法的測試包括:定冠詞和不定冠詞的用法;名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和名詞的所有格;動(dòng)詞的時(shí)
32、態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞等;人稱代詞、人稱代詞的格、物主代詞、指示代詞、連接代詞、不定代詞等的用法;介詞的搭配;并列連詞、從屬連詞的用法;形容詞、副詞的區(qū)別以及比較級和最高級的用法;固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法。例如:本題中的8.informations改為 information 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)二、句法改錯(cuò)句法的測試包括:主謂語在數(shù)上的一致性;名詞性從句、定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句;句子結(jié)構(gòu)的連貫性、完整性、對等性和邏輯性。例如:4.that改為 which 考查非限制性定語從句。三、語篇改錯(cuò)語篇的測試包括:上下文的時(shí)態(tài)是否一致;上下文中的代詞指代是否一致;上下文中的邏輯關(guān)系是否一致。例如:9.ca
33、me 改為 comes 考查時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn):考查短文改錯(cuò)2017全國卷假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號( ) ,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線() 劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2只允許修改10 處,多者 ( 從第 11 處起 ) 不計(jì)分。when i look at this picture of myself, i realize of how fast ti
34、me flies. i had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. about one month after this photo was took, | i entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that t
35、ime: car magazines and musical instruments. i enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes,playing pop music,and collecting the late music albums. this picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. 答案 when i look at this picture of myself, i realize of how fas
36、t time flies. i had grown not only have physically, and also mentally in the past few years. about one month after this photo was took, i but taken entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. became around me in picture are the things they were very import
37、ant in my life at that time: car this/the that/which magazines and musical instruments. i enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes,different playing pop music,and collecting the late music albums. this picture often brings back to me latest many happy memories of your high school days. m
38、y 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,回憶了作者以前的故事。6. picture前加 this/the 考查限定詞。根據(jù)語境可知這張照片是上文提到的照片,是特指,故需要用限定詞 this/the修飾。| 7. they that/which考查定語從句。分析句子可知,前面的倒裝句“around me i n the picture are the things ”是一個(gè)單句,而后面的“they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.”也是一個(gè)單句,在這種情況下,要么在兩個(gè)
39、單句之間用并列連詞連接,要么把后面這個(gè)單句變?yōu)閺木?。從句意上看,這里變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句更為合理,故把they 改為 that/which。8. differencedifferent考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾名詞kinds 用形容詞。9. latelatest考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意“收集最新的唱片”可知需要用最高級。10yourmy考查代詞。整篇文章都是在說“我”的事情,而且根據(jù)前面me可知此處還是指“我的”高中生活。2016 年高考題1. 【2016全國新課標(biāo)i 】短文改錯(cuò)( 10 分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每
40、處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號() ,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2. 只允許修改10 處,多者(從第11 處起)不計(jì)分。my uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live .though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area .it is always crowded with customer
41、s at meal times .some people even had to wait outside my uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. my uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. instead, he hopes that
42、 our business will grow steady. 【答案】1. that where 2. but去掉 3. had have 4. honest honesty 5. or and 6. using used 7. becoming前加 of 8. the a 9. our his 10. stead steadily | 【歸納總結(jié)】 在英語中though 、 although 、 while或者 as 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句不和but 連用;連詞 because不和 so 連用;此外, return不和 back 連用。3. h ad have 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。文章是介紹現(xiàn)在的
43、情況,應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。4. honest honesty 考查名詞。此處是指誠實(shí)是他成功的秘訣,用名詞形式。而形容詞honest意思是“誠實(shí)的”,是指人的性格特點(diǎn)。5. or and 考查連詞。根據(jù)句意判斷此處是表示并列關(guān)系,故把or 改為 and。6. using used 考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示被動(dòng)含義,be used for“被用來去做”。7. becoming前加 of 考查介詞。固定短語 : dream of 夢想做某事。78. the a 考查冠詞。固定短語: in a short time在短時(shí)間內(nèi)。9. our his 考查代詞。根據(jù)句意可知此處是指叔叔的生意,用
44、his 指代。10. stead steadily 考查副詞。根據(jù)句意可知此處grow 是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞,意思是“增長”,不是系動(dòng)詞,故用副詞修飾。考點(diǎn):考查短文改錯(cuò)2. 【2016全國新課標(biāo)ii 】短文改錯(cuò)(共10 小題,每小題1 分,滿分10 分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。刪除:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: 1每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2只允許修改10
45、 處,多者(從第11 處起)不計(jì)分。the summer holiday is coming. my classmates and i are talking about how to do during the holiday. we can chose between staying at home and take a trip. if we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. but in that case, we will learn little about world. if
46、we go | on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. i thought that it is a good idea. it does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. 【答案】1.how 改為 what 2.chose改為 choose 3.take改為 taking 4.
47、but改為 and 5.about后加 the 6.your改為 our 7.knowledges改為 knowledge 8.刪除 can 或 can 改為 should 9.thought改為 think 10.many改為 much 【解析】3.take改為 taking 考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)。本句中動(dòng)名詞短語staying at home與 taking a trip構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系,都作為介詞between 的賓語。4.but改為and 考查連詞。句意:如果我們待在家里,很舒服也沒有必要花錢。上下文之間是并列關(guān)系,而不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以使用and 連接上下文。5.about后加 the 考查定冠詞
48、。在英語中定冠詞the 通常表示特指,本句中the 修飾 world表示特指這個(gè)世界。6.your改為 our 考查代詞。應(yīng)該使用our 與本句的主語we 保持一致。句意:如果我們出國旅游,我們就拓寬視野并學(xué)到書本上學(xué)不到的知識。7.knowledges改為 knowledge 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。本句中名詞knowledge 是不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式?!久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】| 高考短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)層次一般而言可依次分為詞法的測試、句法的測試和語篇的測試三個(gè)層面??键c(diǎn)層次越高,就越能測試出考生運(yùn)用語言的能力。低層次的考點(diǎn)往往側(cè)重于語法方面的考查,而高層次的考點(diǎn)往往側(cè)重于考生對文章意義方面的理解。一、詞法改錯(cuò)詞
49、法的測試包括:定冠詞和不定冠詞的用法;名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和名詞的所有格;動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞等;人稱代詞、人稱代詞的格、物主代詞、指示代詞、連接代詞、不定代詞等的用法;介詞的搭配;并列連詞、從屬連詞的用法;形容詞、副詞的區(qū)別以及比較級和最高級的用法;固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法。例如:本題中的5.about后加 the 考查定冠詞7.knowledges改為 knowledge 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)10.many 改為 much 考查代詞二、句法改錯(cuò)句法的測試包括:主謂語在數(shù)上的一致性;名詞性從句、定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句;句子結(jié)構(gòu)的連貫性、完整性、對等性和邏輯性。例如:1.how 改為 what
50、考查特殊結(jié)構(gòu)。2.chose改為 choose 考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)3.take改為 taking 考查并列結(jié)構(gòu)8. 刪除 can 或 can 改為 should 考查虛擬語氣三、語篇改錯(cuò)語篇的測試包括:上下文的時(shí)態(tài)是否一致;上下文中的代詞指代是否一致;上下文中的邏輯關(guān)系是否一致。4.but改為 and 考查連詞6.your改為 our 考查代詞和邏輯關(guān)系9.thought改為 think 考查時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn):考查短文改錯(cuò)3. 【2016全國新課標(biāo)iii】短文改錯(cuò)(共10 小題;每小題1 分,滿分10 分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10 處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中
51、最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號( ) ,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。| 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線( ) 劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意: 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞; 2. 只允許修改10 處,多者 ( 從第 11 處起 ) 不計(jì)分。 the teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . they were also the best and worse years in my life . at the first, i t
52、hought i knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. however, my parents didnt seem to think such. they always tell me what to do and how to do it. at one time , i even felt my parents couldnt understand me so i hoped i could be freely from them. i showed them i was independent by wear str
53、ange clothes. now i am leaving home to college. at last, i will be on my own, but i still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help. 【答案】51. yearyears 52. worse worst 53. the去掉54. yourself myself 55. such so 56. telltold 57. freelyfree 58. wear wearing 59. tofor 60. i need 【解析】試題分析:題目主要考
54、查學(xué)生對詞法的掌握情況,測試學(xué)生能否在具體的語境中靈活運(yùn)用。51. yearyears 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。13-19 年是復(fù)數(shù)概念,year 是可數(shù)名詞,故把year 改為 years 。| 55. such so 考查 so/such 的用法。 my parents didnt seem to think so我的父母似乎不這樣認(rèn)為,so 指代上一句的內(nèi)容,故把such 改為 so。56. telltold考查時(shí)態(tài)。通篇回憶過去的事情,使用的一般過去時(shí),故把tell改為 told 。57. freelyfree考查形容詞副詞 。be 后跟形容詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),be free from.擺脫 .,
55、不受 .的影響,故把freely改為 free 。58.wear wearing考查固定搭配。by 是介詞,意為“通過”,后跟名詞代詞或動(dòng)名詞,故把wear 改為 wearing 。59. tofor考查介詞。 leave sp for sp離開某地前往另一地,college是目的地,故把to 改為 for 。60. i need 考查狀語從句。whenever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,意為“無論何時(shí),隨時(shí)”,從句缺少主語,根據(jù)句意可知,這里指“我”需要父母的幫助,故在whenever 后加 i ??键c(diǎn):名詞;形容詞;代詞;介詞;最高級;固定搭配;時(shí)態(tài)【名師點(diǎn)睛】改錯(cuò)中動(dòng)詞、連詞以及上下文語境也是出
56、題者經(jīng)常會(huì)考慮的出題知識點(diǎn),其解題方法如下:1. 動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決英語中有許多的短語動(dòng)詞,是很難從字面上判斷其意義的。其中與介詞構(gòu)成短語的動(dòng)詞是最常見的。我們在分析題目的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)有動(dòng)賓搭配的時(shí)候,應(yīng)該考慮該動(dòng)詞是否是一個(gè)短語動(dòng)詞,并進(jìn)而分析構(gòu)成該短語動(dòng)詞的介詞有無遺漏。對于短語動(dòng)詞的熟悉是一個(gè)長期積累的過程,需要隨時(shí)總結(jié)與記憶。以下是考試中常見到的短語動(dòng)詞:account for ; add up to ; back up; break down; break away from ; bleak out ; break up; break in ; break off ; bring a
57、bout ; bring up; bring out ; bring down; build up; call off ; call for ; call on; carry out; check in; clear up; come off ; come around ; count on; cut down; cut off ; do away with ; dwell on; fall back on; fall out ; get over; get out of; get at; give out; give up; give off ; hang on; hold back; ke
58、ep back from; keep up with ; lay off ; lay down ; live up to; look into ; look | forward to; look over; make up; make out; pass away ; put up with ; role out; run out of; set about; take over; take up; take in; take off; turn up; turn out ; work out 等。還有一種常考的動(dòng)詞的用法就是語態(tài)。在所分析的文字中包含謂語動(dòng)詞,那么應(yīng)該分析是否是這方面的問題。
59、其中應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)分析主語與謂語動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)。2連接詞錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決例: however, a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good manners本題所考查的就是比較連接詞的用法。從前文的more 我們就可以看出,下文的as 是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?,正確的答案應(yīng)是比較連接詞than 。一般來說,比較連接詞所考查的重點(diǎn)集中在as 與 than 的用法上。句意中是否還有比較意義是很容易辨別的,我們一旦覺察到句子有比較的意思,就應(yīng)考慮是否是as 與 than 的用法混淆。此外定
60、語從句的連接詞也是要特別注意的。我們看 2000 年 6月的第 74 題 :instead ,this other person told us a story,it he said was quite well known在這里,句子的后半段很明顯是一個(gè)非限制性的定語從句,所以應(yīng)將it改為 which. 非限制性的定語從句的連接詞在近幾年的考試中反復(fù)出現(xiàn),應(yīng)該引起我們的重視。解決此類問題的方法是,凡是發(fā)現(xiàn)有復(fù)合句的分析對象,首先就要考慮從句的連接詞。首先看是否有連接詞,其次看連接詞是否正確,尤其是which 與 that的不同應(yīng)用。3語言環(huán)境類錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)現(xiàn)與解決從歷年的考題來看,語言環(huán)境類的錯(cuò)
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