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1、.目 錄內容摘要1前言1一、空乘人員職業(yè)素質概述11、職業(yè)素質的概念12、空乘人員職業(yè)素質的重要性1二、我國空乘人員素質與服務質量現狀分析21、我國空乘服務質量現狀分析22、我國空乘人員職業(yè)素質的現狀分析3(1)學歷水平較低3(2)現有空乘職業(yè)教學要求難以滿足實際服務需求3(3) 空乘人員職業(yè)生涯較短33、 影響空乘人員職業(yè)素質的原因3(1) 空乘人員的親和力觀念較弱,親和力較差3(2)空乘人員缺乏應有的心理素質4(3)空乘人員缺乏對乘務職業(yè)的堅持4三、提高空乘服務質量的建議51、提高空乘專業(yè)教學質量52、掌握溝通技巧,提高空乘服務質量53、航空公司要完善用人體制,提高服務質量54、充分發(fā)揮自

2、身優(yōu)勢,充分利用非語言因素6四、結論6參考文獻6Abstract7后 記8;淺析提升空乘人員素質改進服務質量內容摘要:隨著我國航空業(yè)市場的不斷發(fā)展以及各個航空公司之間的激烈競爭,旅客對空乘服務質量的要求也越來越高。因此,空乘服務質量很大程度上決定了一個航空公司能否爭取到更多的客源,進而在激烈的競爭中站穩(wěn)腳跟。文章就提高我國民航空乘人員素質與改進服務質量的方法展開研究,闡述了提高空乘服務質量的重要性。關鍵詞:空乘 素質 服務質量Analysis to enhance the quality of the flight attendants to improve quality of servic

3、eAbstract: With the fierce competition between the continuous development of the aviation industry in China market as well as airlines, passengers on the flight attendants quality of service requirements are also getting higher and higher. Therefore, an airline flight attendant service quality large

4、ly determines the ability to win more customers and thus gain a firm foothold in the fierce competition. The article on improving the quality of China's civil aviation flight attendants and improvement of the quality of service to commence a study of the importance of flight attendants to improv

5、e the quality of service.Keywords: flight attendants quality of service quality前言隨著我國經濟的不斷發(fā)展,服務業(yè)在整個國民經濟中的比重越來越大。民航空乘服務是民航運輸服務的重要組成部分,它直接反映了航空公司的服務質量。并且我國的民航事業(yè)已經進入到了高速發(fā)展的階段。現代的民航運輸不僅僅是運輸行業(yè)的窗口,也和人們的基本生活越來越緊密,并且?guī)恿嗣窈饺瞬判枨蟮募眲≡鲩L。在激烈的航空市場競爭中,直接為旅客服務的空乘人員的工作態(tài)度和服務質量,對航空公司占領市場、贏得更多的回頭客起著至關重要的作用。如何做好服務,如何讓旅客滿意

6、,一直是乘務員所奮斗的目標,也是航空公司是否能夠生存的關鍵所在。總之,航空公司要想在激烈的市場競爭中贏得更多的旅客,就必須提高服務理念和服務質量。因此,成功的企業(yè)無一不是在服務質量上大做文章、憑其優(yōu)良的服務質量取勝。一、空乘人員職業(yè)素質概述1、職業(yè)素質的概念職業(yè)素質是勞動者對社會職業(yè)了解與適應能力的一種綜合體現,其主要表現在職業(yè)興趣、職業(yè)能力、職業(yè)個性及職業(yè)情況等方面。影響和制約職業(yè)素質的因素很多,主要包括:受教育程度、實踐經驗、社會環(huán)境、工作經歷以及自身的一些基本情況(如身體狀況等)。2、空乘人員職業(yè)素質的重要性飛機客艙服務是民航運輸服務的重要組成部分,它直接反映了航空公司的服務質量。在激烈

7、的航空市場競爭中,直接為旅客服務的空乘人員的形象和工作態(tài)度,對航空公司占領市場,贏得更多的回頭客起著重要的作用。二、我國空乘人員素質與服務質量現狀分析20世紀90年代后期,國內各航空公司之間進行了激烈的價格戰(zhàn)。在企業(yè)利益嚴重受損后,市場競爭的關注點逐漸回歸于理性,開始把高質量的空乘服務作為企業(yè)取得競爭優(yōu)勢的法寶。但現有的空乘服務人才市場呈現出整體發(fā)展水平偏低的狀況,并且缺乏有效的溝通,缺乏市場的規(guī)范性和統(tǒng)一性,培養(yǎng)空乘人員的目標也不夠明確。人力資源作為民航發(fā)展的核心要素,已經成為進一步推動我國民航事業(yè)發(fā)展的關鍵。如何有效提高空乘服務質量,以及如何通過服務質量爭取更多旅客,從而取得更大的經濟效益

8、,必定越來越受到航空公司管理者的重視。1、我國空乘服務質量現狀分析我國民航業(yè)一直屬于國家所有,屬于國有壟斷行業(yè)。現有的國際航空、東方航空、西北航空、西南航空、北方航空等十幾家大型航空公司。長期的“閉關自守”、“養(yǎng)尊處優(yōu)”,使我國的航空公司相對于國外的波音、麥道等航空公司差距很大,如競爭意識淡薄、考核制度不健全,再加上資金缺乏導致的技術革新慢、飛機設備老化、人才流失嚴重等諸多問題都直接阻礙了我國民航業(yè)的發(fā)展。如果說技術、設備是航空部門的硬件,那么服務則是民航部門的軟件。尤其以其服務窗口乘務服務為甚。而我國空乘服務人員服務意識差、綜合素質偏低、年齡性別結構單一等問題已是不爭事實。影響空乘服務質量的

9、原因主要有以下幾點:(一)客艙環(huán)境較為復雜飛機的機艙雖然經過了專業(yè)設計,但是仍然避免不了較強的大氣輻射,同時氧氣含量低、噪音明顯、顛簸強烈。在這樣一個特殊的環(huán)境中工作,乘務員所受到的健康危害要比其他工作的環(huán)境惡劣得多。(二)服務對象的特殊性空乘人員在服務工作中會接觸到很多特殊的情景和各種心理狀態(tài)的旅客,他們在處理問題的過程中很容易遭受到不必要的委屈與指責,這必然會影響他們的工作效率與質量。(三)招聘空乘人員的標準不夠科學長期以來,航空公司招聘乘務員對學歷和工作經驗要求很低,甚至只要求中專文化程度,近幾年才改為大專學歷。招聘時也主要偏重于招聘人員的外貌,加之一些簡單的語言問答,沒有把乘務員的服務

10、意識和心理素質放為重點,而這兩項正是保證服務質量的關鍵因素所在。(四)空乘人員培訓的力度不夠空乘人員培訓內容較為單一,很難使員工獲得完整系統(tǒng)的知識結構和工作技能,并且大部分國內航空公司的帶飛過程較短。在此之后,實習乘務員只能憑借摸索著學習和自我學習來提高自身的服務技能。員工之間也缺乏良好的溝通交流,航空公司長期積累的實踐經驗不能得到良好的繼承和發(fā)揚。(五)薪酬分配不合理合理的薪酬分配可以不斷地激勵員工向更高的職位挑戰(zhàn)并且直接關系到員工的工作熱情。現在很多航空公司不能體現多勞多得的原則。占主要比例的是乘務員的飛行小時費不合理,以及國際和國內航線的過夜費遠遠高于飛行小時費。這些原因都導致乘務員對短

11、途航線飛行積極性不高,甚至消極怠工,嚴重影響服務質量。2、我國空乘人員職業(yè)素質的現狀分析(1)學歷水平較低根據有關資料顯示,空中乘務員在面試過程中,并沒有對學歷做具體要求,本科、??啤⒙殞?、職高都沒有界定,而且專業(yè)也沒有明確要求,其中??粕急壤^大,以貌取人的情況沒有在根本上杜絕。由此帶來的個人素質也是有高有低,難以確保航空服務行業(yè)的行業(yè)素質,尤其是最為關鍵的個人素質,在一定情況下決定了公司的形象,更成為影響一個航空公司成長壯大的限制性因素。(2)現有空乘職業(yè)教學要求難以滿足實際服務需求自90年代中期以來,我國航空運輸企業(yè)發(fā)展迅速。為了確保航線與航班的正常開通,民航職工人數也在短短的幾年內迅

12、速膨脹。與之相適應的是各種層次、各種規(guī)模的空乘院校的成立和空乘專業(yè)的設置。在中專這一學歷層次,此專業(yè)大都收費高、教學內容匱乏、師資力量薄弱、管理散漫,但這類學校的負責人大多與航空公司有或多或少的聯系,學生被選為空乘人員的可能性很大,所以教學環(huán)節(jié)一直未被重視。因此,很多空乘人員受到的專業(yè)教育欠缺,嚴重影響了空乘服務質量。(3) 空乘人員職業(yè)生涯較短據一份資料顯示:人才的成長要經歷基礎、成熟、發(fā)展和收獲四個階段,即人的最佳年齡在2425歲之間。而我國的空乘職業(yè)幾乎成為青春職業(yè),女性在25歲以后人生閱歷豐富、心理發(fā)展成熟、應變能力強時卻陸續(xù)由于各種原因失去了飛上藍天的機會??梢哉f,我國空乘人員職業(yè)壽

13、命短暫,現已形成了年齡偏低的怪圈??战愦筚愔心挲g最小的才18歲,平均年齡也不過22歲。這也是前幾年國內某航空公司招空嫂引起轟動的原因之一。3、 影響空乘人員職業(yè)素質的原因(1) 空乘人員的親和力觀念較弱,親和力較差親和力作為一種人與人交往、相處的親近動機、親近行為和親近能力,有其特定的涵義和構成因素。準確把握其涵義與構成因素,進而深入探析空乘服務親和力的基本要求以及制約空乘服務親和力得以提高和增強的基本因素。在我國航空服務工作中,許多乘務人員對服務親和力的認識有所提高,也在實踐中探索提高服務親和力的方法和途徑。但是,由于多種原因的影響,我們對航空服務親和力的重視和發(fā)揮還不夠,我國航空服務的親和

14、力還比較弱。這一問題的突出表現就是航空服務的針對性較弱、吸引力和感染力不夠強、實效性較差。隨著我國進入WTO,對外貿易的增加,以及國內經濟的快速發(fā)展,我國的航空業(yè)也迎來了新的發(fā)展機遇,客運航線的不斷開辟,增加了空中服務崗位的需求,從而帶動了國內航空乘務員培訓機構的迅速發(fā)展。航空培訓市場的不規(guī)范,帶來了各種培訓機構辦學質量的參差不齊現象。導致了乘務人員素質普遍比較低下,服務觀念不強,親和力觀念較弱。(2)空乘人員缺乏應有的心理素質隨著社會的飛速發(fā)展,人們的生活節(jié)奏正在日益加快,競爭越來越強烈,人們的觀念意識、情感態(tài)度復雜嬗變??粘巳藛T作為一個特殊的工作團體,對工作的適應問題,理想與現實的沖突問題

15、,人際關系的處理以及學習、戀愛中的矛盾問題等等。因此,空乘人員的心理素質較大的影響著服務質量。一個合格的空乘人員應具備以下心理素質:1.情緒控制能力:應含括兩個方面的內容。其一,準確認識和表達自身情緒的能力。其二,有效地調節(jié)和管理情緒的能力。當飛行延誤時,有的乘務人員不急不躁,沉穩(wěn)冷靜的心態(tài)去面對旅客的問題和不良情緒,才能保證有效且良好的溝通從而得到旅客的諒解,有效的控制客艙的安全。有的乘務人員心理承受能力弱,驚慌失措,思緒混亂,顧此失彼,語調失控,原本不是很不穩(wěn)定的旅客情緒被他糟糕的狀態(tài)影響的更加不穩(wěn)定,甚至引起旅客的情緒失控,從而引發(fā)不安全事件。情緒控制能力的不良表現還常常體現在以下幾個方

16、面: (1)將生活中的不利情緒帶到工作當中。(2)對機組的配合不滿意,產生敵對情緒。(3)對自身的工作能力過于自信,近乎狂妄。無論什么情況,乘務人員都要保持冷靜平和情緒,激動和消極都會直接影響飛行安全。從而影響空乘人員服務質量。 2.溝通協(xié)調能力:飛行乘務員和飛行員、本班組的其它成員、地面單位、旅客的交流水平。一個性格內向、孤僻、古怪、冷漠、敏感的人在這方面往往比開朗、無私、大度、坦誠、友善的人要差得多。一旦遭遇緊急情況,地面無法和機組有效溝通協(xié)調,機組無法和乘務組有效溝通協(xié)調,乘務組無法和旅客有效溝通協(xié)調,可以想象這個樣一種情況還怎么保證安全。3.應變創(chuàng)造能力:工作中隨時可能遇到突發(fā)性特殊情

17、況,如,飛機劫持,發(fā)動機停車,起落架卡阻,座艙失密,無線電失效等。能調節(jié)好自身沉著的情緒外,還得隨機應變既要組織正常飛行,又要有力妥善處置特情,不因循守舊,要具體情況具體對待,有變通性、創(chuàng)造性,能在短時間內建立立體思維。4.語言表達能力 :語言表達能力對于我們空乘人員來說是非常重要的,因為,我們和旅客更好的溝通關鍵就在與此,有了良好的溝通我們才能為旅客更好的服務。所以,好的語言表達能力是每位空乘人員必須做到的。因為,每個人的心情不同,對工作的態(tài)度就會不同,心情好時,人們會對工作充滿熱情,會積極上進,相反,當人們受到外界因素的影響,如家庭矛盾,工作中和同事的磨擦等等,而自己還不能快速的調節(jié)自己,

18、人們多多少少都會把這種情緒帶到工作中去,產生消極的影響。所以,心理素質不好的服務人員的服務質量也不會好。(3)空乘人員缺乏對乘務職業(yè)的堅持空中乘務人員對自己工作的定位不夠準確,大部分人認為空姐吃的是青春飯,一旦過了結婚生子的年齡,這項工作將不再適合自己,從而在心理上,就先打了退堂鼓,在工作過程中,一旦出現了坎坷、疲勞,就出現了放棄的念頭,這是對自己的不負責任,空中乘務專業(yè)本就就是一項責任心很強的專業(yè),當自己對自己都不負責的時候,更何況談對乘客、對公司的責任心。因此,如果一個空乘人員做不到堅持不懈的工作態(tài)度、持之以恒的工作心態(tài),便做不好自己的的本職工作,更談不上熱愛這份神圣而美麗的工作,微笑服務

19、更是空中樓閣,因而更不會有好的服務質量了。三、提高空乘服務質量的建議1、提高空乘專業(yè)教學質量隨著我國民航與國外民航業(yè)的接軌,我國民航業(yè)不僅需要專業(yè)教育培養(yǎng)出高水平的基礎研究型人才,而且需要大量動手能力、實踐能力都比較強的實用型人才。我國目前絕大多數的職業(yè)教育是由技校、職高等中等職業(yè)學校來承擔,這就在很大程度上制約了我國企業(yè)應用型人才的素質。因此開展豐富多彩的高等職業(yè)教育,是保障企業(yè)應用型人才質量的根本。在辦學方面,沈陽航空工業(yè)學院捷足先登,已于1999 年首家開設了公關(空乘方向)??茖I(yè),以適應國民經濟發(fā)展的需要。此外,哈爾濱等一些城市的地方大學也都先后開設空乘專業(yè),這是個很好的趨勢。但辦學

20、時既要有專業(yè)特色,同時還要注意拓寬專業(yè)口徑,本著厚基礎、寬口徑、強能力、高素質的發(fā)展模式培養(yǎng)人才,為學生將來就業(yè)廣開渠道。2、掌握溝通技巧,提高空乘服務質量溝通技巧要為語言技巧與非語言技巧溝通中“說”是最重要的因素,空乘人員在溝通之前一定要具備清晰、富有邏輯的思維,主動表達自己的溝通動機,理清自己的內心感受,理清對方的內心感受,沖突要先緩和,并且遵循多贊揚,少批評的原則,主要做到以下幾個方面:第一,記住旅客的姓或名,主動與其打招呼,稱呼要得當,根據馬斯洛的需要層次理論,使用稱呼時要遵循就高不就低的原則,讓旅客覺得備受重視。第二,以旅客為中心,尊重他人。在與旅客溝通的過程當中,務必要記住以旅客為

21、中心,放棄自我中心論。做到心平氣和、不亂發(fā)牢騷,這樣不僅自己快樂、涵養(yǎng)性高,旅客也會心情愉悅。第三,培養(yǎng)開朗活潑的個性,幽默風趣的言行,在一種愉快的氛圍當中,這種快樂的情緒不但會感染別人,也會使溝通變得更加容易。但需要注意的是幽默要不失分寸,風趣但不顯輕浮,否則會事與愿違。第四,對待旅客一定要真誠,旅客受傷時要發(fā)自內心真誠地安慰他,旅客有困難時要發(fā)自內心真誠地幫助他。第五,處事果斷、富有主見,充滿自信的人容易激發(fā)他人的溝通動機,博得旅客的信任,產生使人樂意交往的魅力。3、航空公司要完善用人體制,提高服務質量(1)透明招聘制度,廣開招聘渠道?,F在的空乘招聘在社會上基本上是秘而不宣的,老百姓知之甚

22、少。航空公司能仿效大學招生一樣廣而告之,離招聘制度法制化也就為期不遠了。(2) 放寬年齡界限,招收高學歷的人才。招收高學歷的人才一方面可解決我國空乘人員綜合素質偏低的弊病,另一方面又能充分打破空乘人員年齡偏低的格局。(3)調整性別結構,打破“重女輕”的傳統(tǒng)思想束縛長期以來“空姐”幾乎成了空乘人的代名詞,然而女性溫柔有余,剛性不足。而剛毅、果敢又恰恰是空中乘務人員必備的應變能力之一,關鍵時刻的千鈞一舉,也許可取得意想不到的效果。加大男性乘務人員的招聘比例可望緩解空中服務性別單一弊端。4、充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢,充分利用非語言因素   與旅客溝通時要注意與旅客保持最佳的談話

23、距離和身體姿勢。眼睛是心靈的窗戶,與旅客溝通時要注視著對方,以示尊重,但絕對不能死死地盯住旅客,并且注意聲音與視覺保持協(xié)調一致。悅耳的聲音會讓人產生如沐春風的感覺,與旅客溝通時一定要注意語音語調和語速。無論何時記住最重要的一點,微笑是人類最富魅力的語言,與旅客溝通的時候一定要注意保持真誠、開朗的笑容。四、結論作為空乘人員,就要敢于到實踐中去磨練自己的毅志,堅持實踐第一的觀點,讓自己在實踐中經風雨、見世面、長才干,不斷增強社會適應能力。在工作和學習中空乘人員要善于用辯證唯物主義的觀點看問題,全面的分析問題所在的原因,破除思想障礙,以平和的心態(tài),去待人接物,在條件艱苦和復雜的環(huán)境中空乘人員要增強自

24、己克服實際困難、解決復雜問題的能力,造就自己健康崇高的人格。作為空乘人員,還應該具有獨立、堅強、干練、果斷等基本素質,注意剛與柔的適度。要看到自己的長處,增強信心,要進一步解放思想,更新觀念,摒棄循規(guī)蹈矩的思想,牢固樹立開放意識,勇于接受新的事物,接受不同的意見,多方位提高自己,樹立發(fā)展意識。要不斷適應社會環(huán)境、工作環(huán)境、生活環(huán)境甚至人為環(huán)境增強社會責任感。參考文獻1王雙武.特制化營銷打造客艙服務持續(xù)性競爭優(yōu)勢J.空運商務.2009(04) 2林晨,王曉光.中國民航:沉重的起飛J.瞭望.1993(14) 3劉明會,李澍奇.提升航空客艙服務質量的措施J.經營與管理.2010(06)4高勇,陳君慧

25、.航空公司客艙文化研究-婉曲在服務言語中的運用J.中國民用航空. 2010(05) 5韓明亮,張娟,李琪.航空公司旅客服務質量實證研究J.中國民航學院學報. 2005(01) 6王云訪,李飛龍.客艙品牌服務-航空公司核心競爭力之一J.空運商務. 2007(07) 7劉明會,李澍奇.提升航空客艙服務質量的措施J.經營與管理.2010(06) 8謝春訊,陳力華.我國民航服務質量的調查與分析J.江蘇航空.2003(01) 9顧世敏.旅客的生存機會J.航空知識.1997(12) 10陳繼斌.淺談提升“兩艙”服務的有效途徑J.空運商務.2009(07)11王淼.做好服務就是營銷-對航空貨運服務的思考J.

26、空運商務.2010(04)12陳立.超越價格戰(zhàn)-淺談航空公司的服務營銷J.中國民用航空.2008(03)后 記畢業(yè)論文終于完成了,而我在寫論文的過程中,付出了很多辛苦,也學到了很多東西,在這期間也得到了很多老師同學的幫助。所以,我首先要感謝我的導師,不僅孜孜不倦的傳授知識、教導我,從不厭煩的指出我論文中的每個錯誤,當我在論文研究過程中遇到任何問題,導師都會幫助我一一解答,并教會我如何學習,您的聰明才智、嚴謹治學的態(tài)度我是一輩子都不會忘的,并指導我以后生活的道路。當然,我還要感謝幫助我的同學,在寫論文期間,我學會了如何與同學相互學習,在遇到困難是,給我提出了很多好的意見,你們讓我感受到了友情的可

27、貴。 還要感謝在研究過程中幫助的老師與師兄、師姐,雖然你們也有自己的課題、任務,但還是會給我莫大的鼓舞與支持,我衷心的向你們致敬。 本次論文只是我的一些淺陋的見解,如有錯誤和疏漏之處,希望各位老師、專家給與批評指導。為你提供優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)論文參考資料,請您刪除以下內容,O(_)O謝謝!2 Many people have the same mixed feelings when planning a trip during Golden Week. With heaps of time, the seven-day Chinese為你提供優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)論文設計參考資料,請您刪除一下內容,O(_)O謝謝

28、!National Day holiday could be the best occasion to enjoy a destination. However, it can also be the easiest way to ruin how you feel about a place and you may become more fatigued after the holiday, due to battling the large crowds. During peak season, a dream about a place can turn to nightmare wi

29、thout careful planning, especially if you travel with children and older people. As most Chinese people will take the holiday to visit domestic tourist destinations, crowds and busy traffic are inevitable at most places. Also to be expected are increasing transport and accommodation prices, with the

30、 possibility that there will be no rooms available. It is also common that you' ll wait in the line for one hour to get a ticket, and another two hours at the site, to only see a tiny bit of the place due to the crowds. Last year, 428 million tourists traveled in China over the week-lo

31、ng holiday in October. Traveling during this period is a matter that needs thorough preparation. If you are short on time to plan the upcoming "Golden Week" it may not be a bad idea to avoid some of the most crowded places for now. There is always a place so fascinating that everyone yearn

32、s for. Arxan is a place like this. The beauty of Arxan is everlasting regardless of the changing of four seasons. Bestowed by nature, its spectacular seasonal landscape and mountains are just beyond word. Arxan is a crucial destination for the recommended travelling route, "China Inner Mongolia

33、 Arxan Hailar Manzhouli". It is also the joint of the four prairies across the Sino-Mongolian border, where people gravitate towards the exotic atmosphere mixed with Chinese, Russian, and Mongolia elements. As a historic site for the Yitian Battle, Arxan still embodies the spirit of Genghis Kha

34、n. Walking into Arxan, you will be amazed by a kaleidoscope of gorgeous colors all the year round - the Spring azaleas blooming red in the snow, the Summer sea wavering blue in the breeze, the Autumn leaves painted in yellow covering volcanic traces, and the Winter woods shining white on the vast al

35、pine snowscape. Hinggan League Arxan city is situated in the far eastern area of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Its full name "Haren Arxan" means "hot holy water" in the Mongolian language. Arxan is a tourism city in the northern frontier with a blend of large forest, grand pr

36、airies, vast snowfield, heaven lake cluster, thermium, as well as volcanic cluster. It is a rare and unique ecotourism base filled with healthy sunshine, clean air and unspoiled green.  Nestled close to the country's largest virgin forest, and known for its spring and ecological environment

37、, Arxan is marveled at by many tourists as the purest land on earth.  You cannot miss out the Autumn of Arxan. It is definitely the best with brightly-colored scenery full of emotions.  Autumn in the northern part of the country comes earlier than the South. A September rain followed by th

38、e footprints of Autumn brings more colors to the once emerald green mountain and blooming grassland.  Shutterbugs flock to see for themselves the marvel of splendid colors around the mountains and waters, many of whom have travel a long distance and even camp here only to capture a moment of th

39、e nature wonder.  The silver birch turns golden, while the larch is still proudly green. You will find yourself drowned in the intoxicating red of the wild fruits as well as the glamour of flowers in full blown. And your heart will be lingering on the woods as it's time for the wild fruits

40、to ripe. The picturesque Arxan in Autumn is indeed a fairyland only exists in a dream that satisfies all your fantasies. If it rains heavily on Saturday night, some elderly Chinese will say it is because Zhinu, or the Weaving Maid, is crying on the day she met her husband Niulang, or the Cowher

41、d, on the Milky Way. Most Chinese remember being told this romantic tragedy when they were children on Qixi, or the Seventh Night Festival, which falls on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, which is usually in early August. This year it falls on Saturday, August 2. Folklore Story As the sto

42、ry goes, once there was a cowherd, Niulang, who lived with his elder brother and sister-in-law. But she disliked and abused him, and the boy was forced to leave home with only an old cow for company. The cow, however, was a former god who had violated imperial rules and was sent to earth in bovine f

43、orm. One day the cow led Niulang to a lake where fairies took a bath on earth. Among them was Zhinu, the most beautiful fairy and a skilled seamstress. The two fell in love at first sight and were soon married. They had a son and daughter and their happy life was held up as an example for hundreds o

44、f years in China. Yet in the eyes of the Jade Emperor, the Supreme Deity in Taoism, marriage between a mortal and fairy was strictly forbidden. He ordered the heaven troop to catch Zhinu back. Niulang grew desperate when he discovered Zhinu had been taken back to heaven. Driven by Niulang's mise

45、ry, the cow told him to turn its hide into a pair of shoes after it died. The magic shoes whisked Niulang, who carried his two children in baskets strung from a shoulder pole, off on a chase after the empress. The pursuit enraged the empress, who took her hairpin and slashed it across the sky creati

46、ng the Milky Way which separated husband from wife. But all was not lost as magpies, moved by their love and devotion, formed a bridge across the Milky Way to reunite the family. Even the Jade Emperor was touched, and allowed Niulang and Zhinu to meet once a year on the seventh night of the seventh

47、month. This is how Qixi came to be. The festival can be traced back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220). Traditionally, people would look up at the sky and find a bright star in the constellation Aquila as well as the star Vega, which are identified as Niulang and Zhinu. The two stars shine on opposi

48、te sides of the Milky Way. Customs In bygone days, Qixi was not only a special day for lovers, but also for girls. It is also known as the "Begging for Skills Festival" or "Daughters' Festival." In this day, girls will throw a sewing needle into a bowl full of water on the ni

49、ght of Qixi as a test of embroidery skills. If the needle floats on top of the water instead of sinking, it proves the girl is a skilled embroiders. Single women also pray for finding a good husband in the future. And the newly married women pray to become pregnant quickly. Tradition transformed The

50、 love story of Niulang and Zhinu, and the Qixi Festival have been handed down for generations. Yet these ancient traditions and customs are slowly dying out. Many modern Chinese, particularly youngsters, seem to know more about St Valentine's Day on February 14, characterized by bouquets of rose

51、s, chocolates and romantic candlelight dinners, than they do about their home-grown day for lovers. Even Qixi is nowadays referred to as the "Chinese Valentine's Day." More and more young Chinese people begin to celebrate this day in a very similar way as that in western countries. Few

52、er people than ever will gaze at the heavens on Saturday to pick out the two stars shining bright on either side of the Milky Way, that is, if people even know on which day Qixi falls. There are ready reminders dotted about, in the form of big ads saying "Sales on Chinese Valentine's Day!&q

53、uot; in shops, hotels and restaurants. But few young women will mark the festival with their boyfriends, or take part in traditional activities to pray for cleverness. A large-scale of exhibition on the Silk Road opened to the public in the National Museum on Thursday. The exhibition displays more t

54、han 400 treasures from Shaanxi province, Gansu province and 14 other regions. It is largest scale exhibition that shows the history of the Silk Road in recent years. As APEC is going on in Beijing, the exhibit aims to show the world this brilliant section of history. The Silk Road is a ser

55、ies of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent. It connected the West and East by linking traders, merchants, pilgrims, monks, soldiers, nomads, and urban dwellers from China and India to the Mediterranean Sea during var

56、ious periods of time. I met my dear hubby in 2009 the second year I was in my school and it was the first year when he came here. We became colleagues. And there was nothing special happening during that year. He was just a kind and humble brother graduated from the same college as me. But we did no

57、t know each other till he became my colleague and his office desk was just in front of me. There was only a glass between us. So actually we could see each other when we both look up. But it is not the main reason that really draws us close. How we become close to each other was something seems quit

58、e natural. We went out to play badminton with other colleagues and we sometimes chatted for a while. He is a man of few words but somehow sometimes will say something really humorous. Then one day, to my great surprise, I found a pot of beautiful flower on my desk. It was just the flower I had talke

59、d about with my colleague the other day, and I thought it was her who put the flower there. But the truth is not. It was the humble guy sitting in front of me. He just simply said ,”well, I caught sight of this flower and thought that its beautiful and you may like it”. I wonder why I was moved because of these simple words and present. Maybe it is the sincerity and the true self that impress me. I thanked him and some colleagues walked past my desk would appreciate the beauti

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