化學(xué)工藝學(xué)小組作業(yè) 三菱化工生產(chǎn)工藝及流程

1、生產(chǎn)工藝及流程11033304韓明鼎 目錄 1、導(dǎo)電塑料的分類及介紹 2、導(dǎo)電塑料的工藝流程 3、國內(nèi)導(dǎo)電塑料發(fā)展中存在的問題主要產(chǎn)品：功能材料和塑料產(chǎn)品功能塑料是一種具有可塑性的人造高分子有機(jī)化合物樹脂，功能性很廣泛。functional plastics is a kind of resilient synthetic polymer organic compound resin, functionality is very broad.功能功能材料材料導(dǎo)電導(dǎo)電塑料塑料磁性磁性塑料塑料吸水吸水性樹性樹抗菌抗菌塑料塑料緩釋緩釋塑料塑料導(dǎo)電塑料是將樹脂和導(dǎo)電物質(zhì)混合，用塑料的加工方式進(jìn)行加工的

2、功能型高分子材料。主要應(yīng)用于電子、集成電路包裝、電磁波屏蔽等領(lǐng)域。conductive plastics is a mixture of resin and conductive material, plastic processing way to carry on the processing of functional polymer materials. mainly used in electronics, integrated circuit packaging, electromagnetic shielding, etc.磁性塑料是七十年代發(fā)展起來的一種新型高分子功能材料，是現(xiàn)

3、代科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的重要基礎(chǔ)材料之一。磁性塑料按組成可分為結(jié)構(gòu)型和復(fù)合型兩種，結(jié)構(gòu)型磁性塑料是指聚合物本身具有強(qiáng)磁性的磁體；復(fù)合型磁性塑料是指以塑料或橡膠為粘合劑與磁性粉末混合粘接加工而制成的磁體。magnetic plastics are developed in the seventy s, a new kind of functional materials, polymer is one of the important basic materials in the field of modern science and technology. magnetic plastic accor

4、ding to the composition can be divided into structural and compound two kinds, structured magnetic plastic refers to the polymer itself has strong magnetic magnet; composite magnetic plastic refers to plastic or rubber for adhesive glue mixed with magnetic powder processing made of the magnets.復(fù)合型磁性

5、塑料主要由樹脂及磁粉構(gòu)成，樹脂起粘接作用，磁粉是磁性的來源。用于填充的磁粉主要是鐵氧體磁粉和稀土永磁粉。composite magnetic plastics is made up of resin and magnetic powder, resin adhesive effect, magnetic powder is the source of magnetism. used to populate the magnetic powder is mainly ferrite powder and rare earth permanent magnet powder復(fù)合型磁性塑料按照磁特性

6、又可分為兩大類：一類是磁性粒子的易磁化方向是雜亂無章排列的，稱為各向同性磁性塑料，性能較低，通常由鋇鐵氧體作為磁性材料。另一類是在加工過程中通過外加磁場或機(jī)械力，使磁粉的易磁化方向順序排列，稱作各向異性磁性塑料，使用較多的是鍶鐵氧體磁性塑料。composite magnetic plastic according to the magnetic properties and can be divided into two categories: one kind is easy magnetization direction of the magnetic particles is desul

7、torily, called isotropic magnetic plastics, performance is low, usually by barium ferrite as magnetic materials. another kind is in the process of processing through additional magnetic field and mechanical force, make the easy magnetization direction of the magnetic powder order, called anisotropic

8、 magnetic plastic, use more strontium ferrite magnetic plastics.磁性塑料的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：密度小、耐沖擊強(qiáng)度大，可進(jìn)行切割、切削、鉆孔、焊接、層壓和壓花紋等加工，使用時不會發(fā)生碎裂，它可采用一般塑料通用的加工方法（如注射、模壓、擠出等）進(jìn)行加工，可加工成尺寸精度高、薄壁、復(fù)雜形狀的制品，可成型帶嵌件制品，實(shí)現(xiàn)電磁設(shè)備的小型化、輕量化、精密化和高性能化。磁性塑料的用途：音像器材，家用電器，計算機(jī)及辦公用品，機(jī)械行業(yè)用品，汽車工業(yè)用品。按照電性能分類，可分為：絕緣體、防靜電體、導(dǎo)電體、高導(dǎo)體。according to the electr

9、ical classification, can be divided into: insulation, anti-static, conductive, high conductor.按導(dǎo)電塑料的制作方法分類，可分為結(jié)構(gòu)型導(dǎo)電塑料和復(fù)合型導(dǎo)電塑料。according to the classification of methods of producing conductive plastic, conductive can be divided into structural conductive plastics and plastic.結(jié)構(gòu)型導(dǎo)電塑料又稱本征型導(dǎo)電塑料，是指本身具有導(dǎo)

10、電性或經(jīng)化學(xué)改性后具有導(dǎo)電性的塑料。structural eigen type conductive plastic, conductive plastic, also known as refers to itself has conductivity or after chemical modification with conductive plastic.復(fù)合型導(dǎo)電塑料是指在塑料基體中加入導(dǎo)電材料，通過分散復(fù)合，層積復(fù)合等不同的方式加工而成的一種復(fù)合材料。conductive plastics is to point to add conductive material in the

11、plastic substrate, by dispersing compound, laminated composite and other different ways of processing and become a kind of composite material主要填充材料：金屬分散系 炭黑系有機(jī)絡(luò)合物分散系 目前碳黑復(fù)合型導(dǎo)電塑料是最常見、應(yīng)用最廣泛的一種導(dǎo)電塑料。其導(dǎo)電性能與所用碳黑的粒度、結(jié)構(gòu)、品種、吸油值、孔隙率，及填充量的諸多因素有關(guān)。 the conductive carbon black plastic is one of the most common an

12、d most widely used conductive plastics. its electric conductivity and the particle size of carbon black used, structure, varieties, oil absorption value, porosity and the higher the conductivity. 導(dǎo)電碳黑的品種主要有乙炔碳黑、導(dǎo)電碳黑、超導(dǎo)碳黑及特導(dǎo)碳黑等。除了乙炔碳黑是以乙炔氣體為原料外，其他的都是以油為原料.導(dǎo)電碳黑的共同特點(diǎn)是：表面積大、表面粗糙度大、粒度小、碳成分和揮發(fā)份較低，并且具有很高的導(dǎo)

13、電率。varieties are mainly of conductive carbon black acetylene carbon black, conductive carbon black, superconductive carbon black and carbon black, etc. in addition to acetylene carbon black is the acetylene gas as raw material, the other is based on oil as a raw material金屬填充型導(dǎo)電塑料是以塑料為基體，將金屬粉末、金屬纖維、金

14、屬箔等導(dǎo)電填料，通過密煉機(jī)或雙螺桿擠出機(jī)混煉后得到的一種導(dǎo)電塑料.特點(diǎn)：性能穩(wěn)定、加工工藝簡單可控、安全性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn)metal filled conductive plastics based on plastic substrate, the metal powder, metal fiber, metal foil, such as conductive fillers, through mixer or twin screw extruder mixed after a conductive plastic.features: stable performance, simple proc

15、essing advantages of controllable and high security 導(dǎo)電塑料的應(yīng)用防靜電、電磁屏蔽、配線材料塑料芯片顯示設(shè)備便攜電源納米電纜機(jī)器人、生命科學(xué)領(lǐng)域 復(fù)合型導(dǎo)電塑料的生產(chǎn)工藝流程 pvc: 聚氯乙烯是一種使用一個氯原子取代聚乙烯中的一個氫原子的高分子材料pvc, polyvinyl chloride is a kind of the use of a chlorine atom instead of a hydrogen atom in polyethylene polymer materials穩(wěn)定劑：能增加溶液、膠體、固體、混合物的穩(wěn)定性能化

16、學(xué)物都叫穩(wěn)定劑。它可以減慢反應(yīng)，保持化學(xué)平衡，降低表面張力,防止光、熱分解或氧化分解等作用stabilizer: can increase the mixture solution, colloid, solid, stable performance chemicals called stabilizers. it can slow reaction, chemical balance, reduce the surface tension, prevent light, thermal decomposition and oxidation decomposition effect塑化劑（

17、英語：plasticizer），或稱增塑劑、可塑劑，是一種增加材料的柔軟性或是材料液化的添加劑。其添加對象包含了塑膠、混凝土、干壁材料、水泥與石膏等等。plasticizer , or the plasticizer, plasticizer, is a kind of softness or increase material liquid additives. add object contains a plastic, concrete, dry wall material, cement and plaster, and so on.cpe：氯化聚乙烯（cpe）為飽和高分子材料，外觀為

18、白色粉末，無毒無味，具有優(yōu)良的耐侯性、耐臭氧、耐化學(xué)藥品及耐老化性能，具有良好的耐油性、阻燃性及著色性能。cpe, chlorinated polyethylene (cpe) as the saturated polymer material, appearance is white powder, non-toxic tasteless, has excellent weathering resistance, ozone resistance, chemical resistance and aging resistance, good oil resistance, flame retardancy and shading performan