學(xué)案UnitOneFriendship

1、Unit One FriendshipTeaching Aims1. Help the students to find the words and phrases that they find most difficult and help them to understand.2. Get the students to think and talk about friends and friendship by using some phrases and structuresLanguage points1. Add up your score and see how many poi

2、nts you get. 將你所得的分?jǐn)?shù)加起來(lái)，看看能得多少分。add up “加起來(lái)” “合計(jì)” e.g：The waiter added up the food check. 侍者把飯菜的錢(qián)算了一下。add up是“動(dòng)詞副詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)是：賓語(yǔ)如果是名詞，可以放在副詞前，也可以放在副詞后；賓語(yǔ)如果是代詞，只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。She added the bill up. = She added up the bill.她把帳單算了算。add構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)1）add to增加 Her colleagues' laughter only added to (= incre

3、ased) her embarrassment.同事們的嘲笑使她更加窘迫。2）add to 加，往添加 She's added a Picasso to her collection. 她的收藏品中增加了一幅畢加索的畫(huà)。3）add up to總共有，總計(jì)達(dá)All the numbers add up to exactly 900. 所有的數(shù)字加起來(lái)是900。2. When he / she borrowed it last time, he / she broke it and you had to pay to get it repaired. 他 / 她上次借用時(shí)，把它弄壞了，你不

4、得不花錢(qián)把它修好。本句使用了get sth done結(jié)構(gòu)。get sth. done相當(dāng)于have sth. done，意思是“使（某事）被做；使某人遭遇(某事)”。在get sth done結(jié)構(gòu)中，get的意思是“使發(fā)生某種情況”，其賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故賓補(bǔ)用過(guò)去分詞。如： I'm trying to get this article finished for Thursday. 我將盡力在星期四完成這篇文章。3. Your friend comes to school very upset. 你的朋友來(lái)上學(xué)時(shí)心煩意亂。本句中的upset是形容詞用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，

5、說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)your friend來(lái)學(xué)校時(shí)的心情。形容詞可以用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。如：He returned home cold and hungry. 他又冷又餓地回到了家里。本句中，upset是形容詞，意思是“心煩意亂的”。upset用作形容詞時(shí)，還可以表示“不舒服的,不適的,難過(guò)的”。upset用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，是不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是upset。意思是“弄翻，使不安,使心煩,擾亂”。如：I will be really upset if you dont come. 如果你不來(lái)，我會(huì)很難過(guò)的。4. You will ignore the bell and go some

6、where quiet to calm your friend down. 你就不上課了，找個(gè)安靜的地方安慰你的朋友。 本句中 calm down是“動(dòng)詞副詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，意思“ (使)平靜下來(lái)”。5. You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him / her and you will meet after class and talk then. 你告訴你的朋友，你關(guān)心他 / 她，下課后與他面談。短語(yǔ)be concerned about接近于be worried about，意思是“關(guān)心；掛念”。如：2 / 8 Her

7、parents are rather concerned about her study. 父母親很關(guān)心她的學(xué)習(xí)。1) be concerned后還可以接that從句或動(dòng)詞不定式。 Aren't you concerned (that) she might tell someone? 你難道不擔(dān)心她會(huì)告訴別人嗎？2) be concerned with / in 與有關(guān)；涉及More than one person has been concerned with this matter. 不止一個(gè)人牽扯到這件事情中。6. You will tell him / her that he

8、/ she should have studied, so you dont let him / her look at your paper. 你告訴他 / 她，他 / 她以前應(yīng)該好好學(xué)習(xí)，你沒(méi)讓他 / 她看你的卷子。句中的should have studied的意思是“過(guò)去應(yīng)該好好學(xué)習(xí)”。should have done表示“過(guò)去本應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做”，含有責(zé)備或后悔的意味。 I should have written to her but I haven't had time. 我早就該給她寫(xiě)信，但是我沒(méi)有時(shí)間。 He also learns that he should

9、have cared more about his friends. 他還明白了他以前應(yīng)該多關(guān)心朋友。<Reading>7. Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? 你是不是擔(dān)心朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，會(huì)不理解你目前的處境？本句中，go through作“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受”講。go through還可以表示“仔細(xì)檢查；瀏覽，翻閱；做完”。如：The country has gone through too many wars.

10、 這個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。8. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. 她和她的家人躲藏了幾乎25個(gè)月之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。短語(yǔ)hide away的意思是“躲藏，隱匿；藏，藏蔽”。The thief hid away in a friends house for several weeks after the robbery. 那個(gè)竊賊行竊后在一個(gè)朋友家里躲藏了幾個(gè)星期。9. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a

11、 diary as most people do 我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬本句中，set down的意思是“寫(xiě)下；記下”。Please set it down to my account. 請(qǐng)把它記在我?guī)ど稀?a series of的意思是“一連串的，一系列的”?！癮 series of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。There has been a series of traffic accidents on this road. 這條路上發(fā)生了一連串交通事故。10. For example, one evening when it was so warm, I sta

12、yed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. 比如，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到11點(diǎn)半故意不睡覺(jué)，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮。 on purpose意思是“故意地；有意地”，其反義詞組為by chance或by accident“偶然”。如：My parents came to see me on purpose. 父母親特意來(lái)看我。 in order to的意思是“目的是；為的是”。否定結(jié)構(gòu)為：in order not to；帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：in

13、order for sb to do。 I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建議為的是不讓她難過(guò)。in order to, so as to意義相同，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，此時(shí)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致。in order to do可放在句首，也可以放在尾；而so as to do結(jié)構(gòu)不放在句首。11. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window. 但是因?yàn)樵鹿鈱?shí)在太亮了，我不敢開(kāi)窗戶。 本句中的too much修飾不

14、可數(shù)名詞light，意思是“太”、“過(guò)于”。far 常用在形容詞或副詞前加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。另外，too much也可以用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞。如：There is too much rain. 雨水太多了。Youre asking too much. 你要求太多。另外，much too 用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞。He drives much too fast. 他開(kāi)車(chē)開(kāi)得太快了。Hes much too young. 他太年輕了。 本句中，dare與open之間省略了不定式符號(hào)to。此句中dare是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意思是“敢；膽敢”。dare用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，但是在口語(yǔ)中，dare可以與不帶to的不

15、定式連用。 I dont dare to tell her the truth. = I dare not tell her the truth.我不敢告訴他真相。 He didnt dare (to) say what he thought. 他不敢說(shuō)出他的想法。12. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 還有一次，就在五個(gè)月前的一個(gè)晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開(kāi)著的。句中happen的意思是“碰巧”。happen 作“碰巧”解時(shí)，常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)為：1) h

16、appen to do something碰巧做；偶然做You dont happen to know his name, do you?你會(huì)不會(huì)碰巧知道他的名字？2) happen to be doing something 碰巧在做When I went to visit him, he happened to be going out.= When I went to visit him, it happened that he was going out.我們?nèi)タ此麜r(shí)，他碰巧正要出去。3) happen to have done碰巧做過(guò)She happened to have hear

17、d the news.(= It happened that she had heard the news.)她碰巧聽(tīng)到了這個(gè)消息。4) It (so) happens that碰巧It just so happens that I have her phone number right here.真是無(wú)巧不成書(shū), 我這里正好有她的電話號(hào)碼。13,it was the first time in a year and a half that I d seen the night face to face 這是我一年半以來(lái)第一目睹夜晚“It is / was the + first (secon

18、d, third, last) + time + that +主語(yǔ)+完成時(shí)”是固定句型，該句型表示“是第幾次做”，it也可以換成this或that。主句用現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，that從句中通常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；主句用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，that從句中多用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 This is the first time (that) I have been to Beijing.(= It is the first time (that) I am in Beijing.)這是我第一次來(lái)北京。 That was the third time that he had been to Canada. 那是他第三次去加

19、拿大。14. Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. 觀看這些已經(jīng)不再是樂(lè)趣，因?yàn)榇笞匀皇潜仨氂H身體驗(yàn)的。本句中，it是形式主語(yǔ)，looking through 是真正主語(yǔ)。類(lèi)似結(jié)構(gòu)：Its no use talking with him. He is too stubborn. 跟他談也沒(méi)用。他太固執(zhí)了。Its no good eating too much before going to bed. 睡覺(jué)前吃得太多

20、沒(méi)有好處。 練習(xí)題一、選擇填空1. The cost of the trip to Hong Kong _ no more than $1,000. A. adds to B. added to C. add up to D. added up to2. Because he didnt finish the work on time and was fired by the company, he was very _ about it. A. upset B. worried C. anxious D. nervous3. The meeting was concerned _ refor

21、ms and every one present was concerned _ his own interests. A. with; for B. with; with C. for; about D. about; with4 It is five years _ he returned. A. that B. when C. since D. before5. It was 1990 _ he returned. A. when B. before C. after D. that6. It was in 1990 _ he returned. A. when B. before C.

22、 after D. that7 . Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. A. much too heavy B. too much heavy C. heavy too much D. too heavy much8. Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. how can I get to C. where I can get to D. where can I get to9. _ catch t

23、he first bus, he got up very early. A. So that to B. So as to C. In order to D. So that he could 10. The little girl _ go downstairs alone at night. A. dares not to B. dares not C. dare not to D. dare not 二、從方框中選出合適的短語(yǔ)并用其適當(dāng)形式填入各題空白處。 add upcalm down be concerned aboutgo throughset downa series ofon purpose at duskface to face no longersuffer frompack upget along withfall in love with join in 1) He stared at th