人教版八下unit7知識點總結及單元測試卷(附答案)

1、人教版英語八年級下冊unit 7 what's the highest mountain in the world?知識點總結及單元測試卷（附答案）【教材內容解析】section a1. about 9,600,000 square kilometres in size (p. 49)square用作形容詞，表示“平方的”，用于數(shù)字后面表示面積。our new house is 95 square metres in size.2. 1,025 meters deep. (p. 49)英語中常見的長寬高的表達方式為：基數(shù)詞+單位詞+形容詞(long, wide, high, deep)

2、。the rope is two meters long.3. qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. (p. 49)any other意為“其他任何一個”，后接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，常用于比較級結構中，表示最高級含義，可與“the other+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)”或者the others互換。peter runs faster than any other student/the other students/the others in his class.4. china has the biggest population

3、in the world. (p. 50)population表示“人口”，是集合名詞，對人口數(shù)量提問時，用what而不用how many/much，population若作主語，強調整體概念時，謂語用單數(shù)形式，強調個體時，謂語用復數(shù)形式。whats the population in china now?the population of this small town is three thousand.more than one fifth of the population of the country are over 60 years old.5. the main reason

4、was to protect their part of the country. (p. 50)protect表示“保護”時，常用的結構為：protect.from.“保護免受”。humans should do something to protect the environment.the sunglasses will protect you from sunshine.6. as far as i know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this. (p. 50)as far as i know意為“就我所知、我認為”，

5、相當于as far as i am concerned。as far as i know, hell be away from three months.7. one of the worlds most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the himalayas. (p. 51)“one of+the+形容詞最高級+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”指在某一個范圍內“最之一”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。mary is one of the best students i

6、n our class.8. even more serious difficulties include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. (p. 51)include表示“包含、包括”，強調一個整體里面包含一些部分，including常用作介詞，表示“包括”。the book includes eight units.he has many friends, including tom.9. it is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. (p. 51)tak

7、e in意為“吸收”。do you know how plants take in water?10. the first chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was junko tabei from japan in 1975. (p. 51)succeed表示“成功”，常用的結構為：succeed to do sth.或者succeed in doing sth.“成功做成某事”。the climbers succeeded to get to the top of the mountain in th

8、e end.=the climbers succeeded in getting to the top of the mountain in the end.11. one of the main reasons is that people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. (p. 51)(1) challenge意為“挑戰(zhàn)、考驗”，challenge sb. to (do) sth.表示“向某人挑戰(zhàn)做某事”。he challenged me to play chess.(2) in the face意為“面對

9、（問題或者困難）”they showed courage in the face of danger.12. the spirit these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. (p. 51) achieve用作動詞，表示“達到、完成、成功”。i believe you will achieve your dream in the end.13. why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it i

10、s dangerous. (p. 51) even though意為“即使、雖然”，相當于even if，引導讓步狀語從句。even though frank left school at 16, he still became a successful writer.section b1. weighs 5,0000 kilos (p. 53) weigh此處作動詞，表示“有重”，名詞是weight。the baby weighed about 5 kilometres.what is his weight?2. this elephant weighs many times more th

11、an this panda. (p. 53) “倍數(shù)+比較級+than”表示“比大/多多少倍”。the room looks three times bigger than that one.3. at birth, a baby panda is about.(p. 53) at birth表示“出生時”。the baby weighed three kilometres at birth.4. a panda can live up to.(p. 53) up to表示“達到（某種數(shù)量或者程度）”the theatre can hold up to 500 people.【拓展】be up

12、 to sb.“由某人決定”you can leave today or tomorrow. it is up to you.5. panda keepers are preparing milk for the baby pandas breakfast. (p. 54) prepare for sth.“為做準備”they are preparing for the party tonight. prepare.for.“為準備”we should prepare some sweets for childrens day. be prepared for“為作準別”the players

13、 are well prepared for the match.6. at 9:00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. (p. 54) awake用作形容詞，表示“醒著的”，反義詞是asleep。is the baby asleep or awake?7. another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in china and other countries. (p. 54)or so意為“大約”，放在數(shù)量詞后面，表示大約的概念。t

14、here are 30 workers or so in the factory. 【重點短語和句型歸納】重點短語1. as big as 與一樣大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的國家之一3. feel free to do sth. 隨意地做某事4. as far as i know 據(jù)我所知5. man-made objects 人造物體6. part of 的組成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脈8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. of all the

15、salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越12. freezing weather 冰凍的天氣13. take in air 呼吸空氣14. take in 吸入；吞入（體內）15. in the face of difficulties 面對困難16. give up doing sth. 放棄做某事17. achieve one s dream 實現(xiàn)某人的夢想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到達頂峰20. even though 雖然；盡管21. at birth 出生時22. be awake

16、醒著23. run over with excitement 興奮地跑過去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. the first person to do sth. 第一個做某事的人27. every two years 每兩年28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 瀕危動物30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊貓越來越少31. be in danger 處于危險之中32. the importance of saving these animals 拯救這些動物

17、的重要性重點句型1. any other+名詞單數(shù) 其他任何一個.2. feel free to ask sb sth on . 就.隨意問某人某事3. one of the +形容詞最高級+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) 最.的.之一4. whats the+形容詞最高級+名詞 in the world?世界上最.的.是什么？5. protect.from/against.保護.使不受；防御6. succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事7. teach sb about sth 教某人有關.內容8. send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事9. there be sb/sth doin

18、g.有某人/物正在做某事【語法講解】（1） 基數(shù)詞i. 基數(shù)詞的構成?；鶖?shù)詞1-12是獨立的單詞。one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve基數(shù)詞13-19是在個位數(shù)后面加-teen構成，其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen是不規(guī)則變化。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen整十的基數(shù)詞20-90是在個位數(shù)詞后面加-ty構成，其中twenty, thirty, forty,

19、fifty, eighty是不規(guī)則變化。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety非整十基數(shù)詞21-99是在十位數(shù)后面加上個位數(shù)構成，中間加上連字符“-”。twenty-one, seventy-six, eighty-eight三位數(shù)以上的基數(shù)詞，百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間用and連接。two hundred and one, three thousand five hundred and fourteen英語中沒有“萬”和“億”這兩個單位，在表示“萬”和“億”時，把“萬”念成10個千，“十萬”念成100個千，“億”念成1

20、00個百萬以此類推。10,000：ten thousand100,000: a hundred thousand100,000,000: a hundred million35, 845: thirty-five thousand, eight hundred and forty-fiveii. hundred, thousand, million 和billion的用法。hundred, thousand, million和billion等表示確切數(shù)字時，只用其單數(shù)形式；但是在表示不確切數(shù)字時，要用其復數(shù)形式，并且與of連用，表示約數(shù)。e.g:1. there are more than t

21、hree hundred days in a year. 一年有三百多天。 2. thousands of visitors travel to the great wall every year. 每年有成千上萬的游客游玩長城。iii. 基數(shù)詞表示編號例如：lesson five (the fifth lesson) 第五課 room 306 306房間 page twelve (the twelfth page) 第十二頁 class one, grade six 六年級一班（2） 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 形容詞比較級的變化規(guī)則。i. 規(guī)則變化構成法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞+er/e

22、stshortshortershortestcoldcoldercoldest以不發(fā)音e結尾的詞+r/stwidewiderwidestlargelargerlargest單個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫末尾輔音字母+er/estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以輔音字母+y結尾的詞，變y為i+er/estheavyheavierheaviestbusybusierbusiest多音節(jié)詞在前面+more/mostimportantmore importantmost importantbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful

23、ii. 不規(guī)則變化原級比較級最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest 形容詞比較級用法。i. 比較級用于兩者進行比較，結構為“a is 比較級 than b”。e.g: 1. my bike is more beautiful than hers.我的自行車比她的漂亮。 2. he works harder than before. 他工作比以前努力。ii.

24、表示兩者之間選擇，用“which/who is 比較級，a or b？”表示“兩者之間較之一”時，用“the + 比較級”結構。e.g: 1. which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪個離太陽更近，月球還是地球？ 2. he is the thinner of the two. 他是兩人中較瘦的那個。iii.“越來越”用“比較級and 比較級”結構，多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞用“more and more 原級”。e.g: 1. the weather is becoming colder and colder. 天氣變得越來越冷了。

25、2. she is becoming more and more beautiful. 她變得越來越美了。iv. 表示“越越”時，用“the+比較級，the+比較級”結構。e.g: the more careful you are, the more points you will get. 你越細心，得分越多。 形容詞最高級用法。i. 表示三者及以上人或物進行比較時用最高級，結構為“the + 最高級+in/of + 范圍”。e.g: 1. the picture is the best of all. 這幅畫是所有畫中最好的。 2. she is the most beautiful gi

26、rl in the class. 她是班上最美的女孩。ii. 表示在三者及以上之間選擇，用“which/who is the+最高級，a, b or c？”。e.g: who is the tallest, tom, kate or bill? 湯姆、凱特、比爾，誰最高？iii. 表示“最之一”用“one of the最高級+可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)”。e.g: she is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我們學校最受歡迎的老師之一。iv. 形容詞最高級前面加序數(shù)詞，表示“第幾”。e.g: she is the second talle

27、st girl in our class. 她是我班上第二高的女孩。v. 比較級和最高級之間的互換。例如：he is taller than any other boy in our class.= he is taller than the other boys in our class.= he is the tallest boy in our class.注意比較以下兩個句子：shanghai is larger than any other city in china.（范圍之內）= shanghai is larger than any city in japan.（范圍之外）【單

28、元測試卷】單項選擇（每小題1分， 共15分）從a、b、c、d四個選項中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。(    ) 21. the apartment my parents live in is about 360 square feet _ size.a. for                 b. on c. in        &#

29、160;       d. at(    ) 22. during his second day edward looked _ more tired than on his first day.a. even              b. quite c. only         &

30、#160;  d. pretty(    ) 23. i can still remember this thing, _ it was so long ago.a. as long as      b. even though c. as soon as    d. so that(    ) 24. my father doesnt want to continue working in the factory becau

31、se of poor working _.a. experiences    b. opinions  c. conditions     d. relations(    ) 25. look! _ black clouds are covering the sky. its going to rain.  a. thick            

32、; b. thin c. dark             d. bright(    ) 26.linda, you look thinner. how much do you _ now?about 50 kilos.a. develop          b. rise  c. drop   

33、            d. weigh(    ) 27. after the haze (霧霾) weather, the pressure to _ the environment is strong and growing.a. control          b. create c. protect     

34、;       d. provide(    ) 28. she was trying to pass her driving test and she finally _.a. succeeded     b. fell c. understood       d. hurt(    ) 29. the bookcase _ when we tried to move it.

35、 luckily, it wasnt broken.a. lay down       b. fell over c. ran out             d. took off(    ) 30. she used to lie _ at night worrying about how to pay for the house.     &

36、#160;  a. weak            b. awake c. asleep               d. strong (    ) 31. the mountain is so high that its difficult for us to _ air on the

37、 top of it.a. take up       b. take down c. take in           d. take away(    ) 32. helen is the second _ girl in the talent show. i enjoy watching her dancing.a. popular     

38、0; b. more popular  c. most popular    d. the most popular (    ) 33. lake qinghai is larger than _ salt lake in china with an area of 4,583 km2.a. another       b. any other c. the other      &#

39、160;  d. others(    ) 34. tina gave up _ the violin last year because she became interested in the piano.a. playing       b. play c. to play            d. played(    ) 35. he

40、remembered our names from ten years ago._.a. oh, thats right b. wow, thats amazingc. well, its okd. hmm, its strange完形填空（每小題1分，共10分） 先通讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從a、b、c、d四個選項中選擇可以填入空白處的最佳答案。the andes mountains are the longest and one of the highest mountain ranges (山脈) in the world. they run through 7 countries

41、 in south america. although life is  36   easy there, the inca people lived in the andes mountains for hundreds of years. the old and famous inca empire began around 13th century (世紀) and didnt come to an end   37   the late 16th century.corn was the inca peoples &

42、#160; 38   food because it could grow very well in the high mountains. tomatoes, potatoes and another grain (谷物) called quinoa were also popular. when the inca people   39   peppers with quinoa, they could make a kind of delicious soup.the llama, a kind of animal,

43、is another   40   why the inca people could live in such a terrible environment. it   41   the inca people with milk and meat. at the same time, it   42   be used to carry lots of heavy things.most inca people were farmers   43

44、60;  the villages they lived in were very small. even cuzco, the capital (首都), was not a large city. in cuzco, the inca people   44   walls with huge stones. some of the walls were more than 7 meters   45  . even today, centuries later, the stones fit together

45、 so well that you cant even put a ruler between them. (    ) 36. a. too              b. already  c. never                  d.

46、 still(    ) 37. a. until        b. after    c. from              d. past(    ) 38. a. only        b. main    c. cheap             d. h

47、ealthy(    ) 39. a. mixed         b. added   c. put               d. cut(    ) 40. a. fact         b. answer c. way              

48、 d. reason(    ) 41. a. fed          b. found   c. protected          d. provided  (    ) 42. a. could          b. should c. must       

49、0;       d. need(    ) 43. a. and         b. or       c. so                  d. but (    ) 44. a. touched    b. used     c. built

50、               d. bought(    ) 45. a. big          b. high c. old                        d. deep情景交際（每小題1

51、分，共5分）根據(jù)對話內容，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)倪x項補全對話，其中有兩項多余。a: hi, megan. how are you today?b: im fine. (46) _a: youre right. but its not just cold. everything is frozen!b: it snowed a lot last night. a: (47) _b: thats a good idea. we can ask our friends to come.a: what activity do you think we should do?b: (48) _ skiing

52、is a lot of fun!a: ok. i can learn to ski from you. where can we go skiing? (49) _b: thats true. what about eagle mountain?   a: oh, yeah. mark went skiing there last year.b: right. and he had a really good time.  a: (50) _ do you think its ok for beginners?b: i think so.  a: ok.

53、 lets meet at the store on our way to eagle mountain.a. what hot weather it is!b. i think we should go skiing.c. i am good at skiing.d. but the weather is really cold outside.e. eagle mountain sounds pretty scary.f. there arent too many hills around here.g. maybe we can plan an outside activity to e

54、njoy the snow.閱讀理解（每小題2分，共20分） acristina is a portuguese student. she decided to improve her english during the summer holiday. so she took a two weeks summer course (課程) in the embassy school, oxford. now lets read about her experience.it was a wonderful experience. the school was on one of the cit

55、ys most famous streets. the teachers were very nice and the classrooms were modern. the embassy school wasnt a boarding school (寄宿學校), so i stayed with an english family during those two weeks. it was an excellent opportunity to practice my english. they couldnt speak portuguese, so i tried my best

56、to communicate with them in english. they lived in a beautiful house. i loved staying with them because they were very friendly. every morning, i took the bus to school. classes started at 9 a.m. and finished at 4 p.m. we had three classes in the morning and two classes in the afternoon. i learned a

57、 lot and met classmates from all over the world. we also visited the most famous places of the country.it was the best summer holiday ive ever had. my english got much better and i made a lot of new friends.根據(jù)材料內容選擇最佳答案。(    ) 51. how long was cristinas summer course?a. one week. 

58、;      b. two weeks.     c. one month.      d. two months.   (    ) 52. the underlined word “opportunity” in paragraph 3 means “_” in chinese. a. 習慣 b. 靈感 c. 機會 d. 儀式(    ) 53

59、. how did cristina go to school every morning?a. by bus.       b. by bike.  c. by car.     d. on foot.(    ) 54. how many classes did cristina have every day?a. two. b. three. c. four. d. five.(    ) 55. what can we

60、 learn about cristina? a. she lived in an old house.b. she spoke portuguese with her classmates.c. she didnt visit any famous places in england.d. she thought her summer holiday was wonderful.bhi, my name is joseph and theres something id like to share with you .my 16-year-old son, dylan, told every

61、one that one of the most amazing experiences of his life was the trip to south africa last summer. most people would think that he was on a vacation there. but dylan spent almost the whole ten days of his trip building houses for people there. it was hard and dirty work. i never thought that he woul

62、d enjoy it, but he loved every minute of it. encouraging (鼓勵) teenagers to do volunteer work is one of the most important things you can do for them as a parent. and the amazing thing is, once they get a taste of it, teenagers will love to volunteer. and students who do volunteer work do better in s

63、chool than those who dont volunteer. in fact, volunteering provides many things for teenagers, including a wonderful experience and a good chance (機會) to meet new people.  its not difficult to find volunteer jobs for teenagers. they can find them in hospitals, libraries, childrens museums and s

64、o on. 根據(jù)材料內容簡要回答下列問題。56. what did dylan think of his trip to south africa?_57. what did dylan do in south africa?_58. does the writer think parents should encourage their children to do volunteer work?_59. what can teenagers get from volunteering? _60. where can teenagers find volunteer jobs?_詞匯運用（每小題1分，共10分）a) 根據(jù)句意及所給漢語提示，寫出句中所缺單詞。61. the country ha