2019學年北京市朝陽區(qū)高三一模英語試卷及答案

1、2019北京市朝陽區(qū)高三一模7 / 162019.3英語（考試時間100 分鐘 滿分 120 分 ）本試卷共10 頁?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢复鹪诖痤}卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45 分）第一節(jié) 語法填空（共10 小題；每小題1.5 分 , 共 15 分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1 個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。John Carter was rescued from the sea near his holiday home yesterday. The accident happened while he _

2、1_ (walk)along a steep cliff at the edge of the sea. He was blown off by a strong wind and _2_ (fall) into the sea, 30 meters below.Luckily, a woman saw him in the sea soon afterwards and she called the police rescue service. Mr. Carter was taken tohospital with a _3_ (break) arm.“ I m very lucky to

3、 be alive,” he said. “ I can t thank the womaMany elephants can paint. In fact, elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground _4_ a stick. Seeing this, some trainers teach the elephants _5_ they can hold paintbrushes, and encourage them to choose colors and paint. Of course, not every painting is g

4、ood. Just like humans, only some elephants are very creative. Now, an online gallery sells paintings by these elephant artists. By doing this, the gallery hopes to earn money _6_ (protect) elephants.CGolden Gate Park is in San Francisco, California. It is one of the largest urban _7_ (park) in the U

5、nited States. Over one million colorful flowers, trees and other plants grow in the park. But originally most of the park _8_ (cover) in sand.After a lot of work, it was finally built in 1870. Today, there are many people _9_ (visit) the park every day. They play basketball, soccer, golf and many ot

6、her sports there. The park is closed in many places to traffic so people can walk, cycle, or skate _10_ (free).第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20 小題；每小題1.5 分，共 30 分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、 B、 C、 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂A Game of Light and ShadeIt was a sunny day. I had gone up and down the tower when, outside the door at

7、the foot, a blind man came towardme. In a moment, he disappeared up the stairs. I looked at the sign that saidTo the Tower, and decideI caught up with him in the ticket office. There I was _12_ to see the attendant （ 工作人員） selling him a ticket as ifhe were any other visitor. Then, with the ticket in

8、 one hand and _13_ the wall with the fingers of the other, the blind man reached the stairs _14_ to the hallway.“ That man is blind. What would a blind man climb up the tower for?” I said to the attendant, expecting hisome _15_, but he didn t answer.“ Not the _16_ certainly, ” I said. “ Perhaps he w

9、ants to _17_.”I bought a ticket and _18_ up the stairs. The man hadn t gone as far as I _19_. A third of the way up theheard his _20_. I slowed down and followed him at a little _21_. He stopped from time to time. When he got to the balcony （陽臺 ）, I was a dozen steps _22_. As I reached it, I saw him

10、 at the corner of the tower.At last, after ten minutes, I _23_ him.“ Excuse me, ” I said as uptoIliatemly causriIocuosutlod,know _24_“b_ _ ”you came up. ”He smiled. “ Coming up the stairs, you will notice how not just light but sun _25_ into the tower through the narrow windows here and there, so th

11、at you can feel the _26_ the cool stairs suddenly become quite warm and how up here behind the wall there is _27_, but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun. There is no _28_ so good as this for feeling the difference between light and shade. It is not the first time I ve comThe bl

12、ind man seemed quite _29_, just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games. He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life _30_ they cannot enjoy the sights of the world.11. A. acceptB. followC. controlD. visit12. A. frightenedB. disappointedC. surprisedD. embarrassed13.

13、A. touchingB. climbingC. hittingD. covering14. A. pointingB. attachingC. contributingD. leading15. A. respectB. doubtC. concernD. sympathy16. A. viewB. testC. prizeD. trick17. A. kickB. jumpC. relaxD. escape18. A. struggledB. exploredC. wanderedD. hurried19. A. promisedB. examinedC. imaginedD. confi

14、rmed20. A. stepsB. wordsC. secretsD. cheers21. A. standardB. distanceC. expenseD. intention22. A. aheadB. aroundC. outsideD. behindB. surroundedD. witnessed24. A. whyB. howC. whenD. whether25. A. knocksB. poursC. slidesD. bursts26. A. trendB. reactionC. changeD. honor27. A. lightB. spaceC. messD. sh

15、ade28. A. placeB. signalC. objectD. period29. A. nervousB. contentC. curiousD. patient30. A. unlessB. becauseC. onceD. although23. A. recognizedC. approached第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、日C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Get Involved! Make a Donation!So what is rewilding?Imagine o

16、ur natural homes growing instead of shrinking. Imagine species1rewilding %britain *>instead of declining. That's rewilding. Rewilding is ecological restoration.（物種）diversifyingRewilding offers hopefor wildlife, humans and the planet.Why is rewilding important and necessary? Our natural ecolog

17、y is broken. The places where you would expect wildlife to exist have been reduced to wet deserts. The seabed has been destroyed and there have been no living creatures any more.ve lost mOur wildlife is disappearing. Many wonderful species have declined over the past century. We our large animals th

18、an any European country.We need keystone species. These vital species, including top predators （ 食肉動物），drive ecological processes. Their loss has worsened our living systems.Nature looks after us. Good natural ecology can provide us with clean air and water, prevent flooding and store carbon. Rewild

19、ing can leave the world in a better state than it is today.What are challenges?As a long-term project, our “ rewilding britainhas its challenges. Many people are not interested, because we have got used to the lack of native forests. Many farmers oppose the idea. They thought it a crazy idea to brin

20、g back predators because they would start killing farm animals. It takes time to educate them. Above all, we need money! So we need your help!Make a donation.Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature!With your help we can. Open up new chances for rewilding and push for change.Develop

21、 tools to educate, influence and spread the word.Thanks for your support.31. Which of the following is the result of rewilding?A. Species become various.B. A lot of animals disappear.C. Environments are destroyed.D. Natural disasters happen regularly.32. According to the passage, one of the challeng

22、es at present is.A. people ' doubtsB. a lack of volunteersC. a shortage of timeD. farmers disagreement33. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a new project.B. To call on people to give money.C. To warn people of the natural ecology.D. To convince people to change their mind.B

23、Flying HighBarrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization. His message for kids:" The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination, hard work and a strong liking for what you wantto achieve. " The secret, he believes,

24、is having a dreathenfirst place, and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.bookstore. One customer,The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his parentspilot, asked Irving if he d thought about becoming a pilot.“ I told him I didn t think I was

25、smart enotook me to the cockpit （ 駕駛艙 ） of the commercial airplane he flew, and just like that I was hooked.”To follow his dream, Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practisin

26、g at home on a $40 flight simulator （ 模擬 ） video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world. He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components. He took off with no weather radar, no de-icing system, and just $30 in

27、his pocket.“ I like to do things people say I can t do. ”After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens o f thunderstorms, he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami.“ It wso many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.has been doing it ever since.

28、 He set up his non-profit-making organization, Experience Aviation （ 航空 ）, aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and science-related careers. Kids attend programmes dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“ We want to create chances for students to accom

29、plish something amazing,” he notes. Perhaps Irvingpowerful educational tool is the example his own life provides. After landing his record-breaking flight at age 23, he said, “ Everyone told me I was too young, that I didn xptehraievnece,nsoturegnhgeth, or knowledge. They told me it wouldtake foreve

30、r and I d never come home. Well . guess what?”34. According to Irving, what is the most important in achieving success?A. Meeting people who provide unexpected help.B. Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.C. Having something specific that you want to accomplish.D. Developing communication w

31、ith different organizations.35. What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that .A. he felt embarrassed to refuse the offerB. he was doubtful about his own abilitiesC. he knew his efforts would be rewardedD. he realized immediately how lucky he was36. What can we learn about Irving

32、in Paragraph 3?A. He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.B. He was finally given enough money to keep going.C. He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.D. He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.37. Irving set up his non-profit-making organization because.A. h

33、e hoped to become a public figureB. he expected to start a business in other fieldsC. he saw there was great interest in what he was doingD. he thought he could teach more than flight schools couldCTraining the BrainPeople who can accomplish unbelievable tasks, such as memorizing thousands of random

34、 numbers in under an hour, state that they just have normal brains. Some memory superstars compete in Olympic-like World Memory Championships. These mental athletes, or MAs for short, can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them. Ed Cooke, a 24-year-old MA, expl

35、ains they see themselves as participants rescuing the long-lost art of memory training. These techniques existed not to recall useless information, but to cut into the brain basic text and ideas.A study in the journal Nature examined eight people who finished near the top of the World Memory Champio

36、nships.The scientists examined whether their brains were fundamentally different from everyone else' s or wlsimply making better use of memorizing abilities we all possess. They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them memorize numbers and photographs. The result surpris

37、ed everyone. The brains of the MAs and those of the control subjects were indistinguishable. On every test, the MAs scored in the normal range. However, when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity, they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain

38、 involved in spatial memory.MAs offer an explanation: anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in order by constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled. Dating back to the fifth century, the building is called a memory palace. Even as l

39、ate as the fourteenth century, when there were copies of any text, scholars needed to remember what was read to them. Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading. If something is made memorable, it has to be repeated. Until relatively recently, people read only a few books

40、intensively （ 名田致地） again and again, usually aloud. Today we read extensively, usually only once and without continuous focus.So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly. Using memory palaces, MAs create memorized pictures. For example, recombine

41、 the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town. One competitor used his own body parts to help him memorize a 57,000-word dictionary.Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination. Then they should cut each building into c

42、ubbyholes for memories. In a short amount of time, they will notice improvement withremembering things. To keep the skill sharp, MAs deliberately empty their palaces after competitions, so they can reuse them and they recommend that beginners do the same.38. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that a ment

43、al athlete .A. owns a brain that is larger in sizeB. shows a gift in mental ability testsC. uses the memorizing technique betterD. depends less on the areas that control spatial memory39. Why does the author mention“ speed reading ” in Paragraph 3?A. To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth

44、century.B. To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully.C. To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember.D. To compare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times.40. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?A. There is a variety of unforgettable scenes.B.

45、 Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten.C. Impressive pictures are in actual buildings.D. One person probably has 57,000 body parts.41. What does the underlined word“ cubbyholleasst p” araingrtahpeh probably mean?A. Small spaces.B. Blacks holes.C. Technical skills.D. Different numbers.DEarly or Lat

46、er Day CareMany young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject.The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitiveperiod from birth to three may scar a child s

47、 personality and lead to psychological problems in lapteeorplilfee.hSavoemedrawn the conclusion from Bowlby s work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of theparental separation it causes, and many people do believe this.7 / 16According to Bowlby, a great deal of ps

48、ychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level.Parents influence on their childrenwell-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, whena child s brain is developr

49、ianpgidly and whennearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment.However, there are critics. Some anthropologists （ 人類學家） point out that the love affair between children andparents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. There

50、 has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone. Plato, around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are more evenly distri

51、buted among a broader group of people.Besides, studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on children They learn the benefits of being socially smart, understanding the concept of sharing and caring. They promote concentration skills, which is very important

52、in their learning. There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples.Common sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it. But Bowlby analysis raises the possibility that it has dela

53、yed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents an

54、d show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The matter, then, is far from being clearly known, though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children.42. The passage mainly argues whether .A. children

55、over three will accept school educationB. children under three should be sent to nursery schoolsC. the family relationship is different in traditional societiesD. early day care should be totally replaced in modern societies43. Which of the following supports Bowlby s theory?A. Early day care wouldn

56、 t bseo popular if it had negative effects.B. Separation from parents for young children is common in history.C. Parents find the immediate effects of early day care difficult to deal with.D. Studies show early day care has a positive effect on children ds evelopment.44. The author s attitude toward

57、s early day care is that .A. children under three should stay with their parentsB. it has potential benefits for both children and parentsC. the bad effect of it on children will disappear as they grow upD. it is controversial and the settlement calls for the use of statistics45. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?A.B.C.D.I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point （次要點）C: Conclusion19 / 16第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating?Are you fighting an urge to reac