小升初語法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)

1、實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔小升初語法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的定義般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用行為動(dòng)詞的原形，但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的詞尾要加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)在以連系動(dòng)詞be和行為動(dòng)詞read為例，對(duì)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的.肯定 句、否定句、疑問句及其簡(jiǎn)略答語的構(gòu)成以表格形式加以說明：動(dòng)詞冃疋句否定句beI amI am not You/We/They are You/We/They are not He/She/lt is .He/She/It is notreadI/We/You/They read I/We/You/They/ do n

2、ot readHe/She/It reads He/She/It does not read動(dòng)詞疑問句簡(jiǎn)略答語（肯定）簡(jiǎn)略答語（否定）beAm I ?Yes , you are.No, you are not.Are you ?Yes, I am/we are.No, I am/we are not.Are we ?Yes, we/you are.No, we/ you are not.Are they ?Yes, they are.No, they are not.Is he ?Yes, he is.No, he is not.Is she ?Yes, she is.No, she is n

3、ot.Is it ?Yes, it is.No, it is not.readDo I / we / they read ?Yes, you / we / they do.No, you / we / they do not.Does he / she / it read ?Yes, he / she / it does.No, he / she / it does not.連系動(dòng)詞be的各種形式常與代詞或not縮寫成一個(gè)詞。助動(dòng)詞do, does 般只有與not縮寫。聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞be縮寫形式如下r H. 冃疋縮寫否定縮寫I amI ' mI am notI ' m notYou

4、areYou' reYou are notYou' re not /You aren ' tHe isHe' sHe is notHe' s not /He isn ' tShe isShe' sShe is notShe' s not /She isn ' tIt isIt ' sIt is notIt ' s not / It isn' tWe arewe reWe are notWe re not / We aren ' tThey areThey' reThey are no

5、tThey' re not / They aren ' t動(dòng)詞do not的縮寫形式為don' t, does not的縮寫形式為does n't動(dòng)詞加-s或-es （動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)）當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞需加-s或-es1. 一般在詞尾加 -s例： workworks leave - leaves swim - swims2. 以字母s, x, ch, sh或o結(jié)尾的詞加-es例: pass- passes fix -fixes teach - teaches dodoes3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，先變y為i再加-es例: study - st

6、udies carry - carries fly - flies cry -cries一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1 .表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。常與often （經(jīng)常），always（總是），sometimes （有時(shí)）,every day（每天）,on Sundays/Mondays 等表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有：today, often, sometimes, always, usually, every day （ week, mon th, year, ）,this year, once a week （ mon th, year,）一周（月，年）一次例句：I get up

7、at 6 o ' clock every day.He often goes to school by bike.2表示客觀事實(shí)，普遍真理。例句： Two and two is four. 二加二等于四。The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式postlikeridestudyeatvisithavewatchstoppassgiveflyjumprisewriteteachgoreadswimdo、單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. you have a book ?A Do B. AreC. Is D. H

8、ave( )2.Does Li Lei like to watch TV?A. Yes, he like. B. No, he doesn ' t.C. Yes, he' d like.D. No, he likes.( )3.She doesn ' t her homework in the afternoon.A. doing B. to do C. does D. do( )4.How Mr. Smith to England?A. do, go B. is , go C. does, go D. does , goes( )5. she home at six

9、every day?A. Is , leave B.Does , leave C. Is , leaves D.三、用下列動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I ( get ) up at 6 o'clock every day.2. My father (have) a lovely dog.3. He (go ) to school on foot.4.She (do ) not like watching TV.5.They (play) football every Sunday afternoon.四、按要求完成下列各題1. Tomorrow is Saturday.( 變成一般疑問句 )

10、 Saturday ?2. Does he play basketball every weekend? ( 肯定回答 ) Yes, .3.She looks like her sister.(變一般疑問句 ) she like her sister ?4. Peter and Sam look the same.( 一般疑問句 ) they the same ?5. Do they always go to the movie ( 電影院 ) on Sundays ? ( No, .五、英漢互譯1. Tom經(jīng)常放學(xué)后(after school )踢足球。Does , left否定回答 )2.

11、 我喜歡唱歌。3. He often goes to school on foot.4. Children like to play this game.5. _今_天_是_星_期_日_。能力測(cè)試卷 （一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式gostopwritebuyhavedoflygiveswimrideplaywatchstudycryreadworkrisegocomecarry、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He (go) to school on foot.2.She _ not like watching TV. (do)3.My father _ (have) a lovely

12、 dog.4.I often _ ( get ) up at six every morning5.My mother _ ( work) in a school.三、英漢互譯1. 他經(jīng)常在周六的時(shí)候讀英語。 2. Peter 每天都幫助媽媽做家務(wù)。 3. Tom always plays football after school.4I get up at six o'clock every day.5. The coat fits ( 適 合 ) me very well.小升初語法現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的定義現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是表示在現(xiàn)在某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行

13、時(shí)的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“系動(dòng)詞(am is , are ) + 現(xiàn)在分詞(動(dòng)詞加-ing 形式)” 構(gòu)成?，F(xiàn)在以動(dòng)詞 work為例，對(duì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的 肯定句、否定句、疑問句及 簡(jiǎn)略答語列表說明：1 i冃疋句否定句I am work ing.I am not work ing.You are worki ng.You are not work ing.He/She/lt is working.He/She/It is not worki ng.We/You/They are worki ng.We/You/They are not worki ng.疑問句簡(jiǎn)略答語Am I worki ng?Yes,

14、 you are.No, you are not.Are we worki ng?Yes, we/ you are.No, we/ you aren ' t.Are you work ing?Yes, I am.No, I am not.Yes, we are.No, we are not.Is he/she it work ing ?Yes, he/she/it is.No, he/she/it is not.Are they work ing?Yes, they are.No, they are not.三、 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成1. 一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加 -ing 。stay - st

15、aying do - doing listen - listening2. 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加-ing。make - making ride - riding give - giving3. 以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ing。put - putting sit - sitting run - running4. 以ie為重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，先去掉 e,把i變?yōu)閥,再加-ing。lie - lying die - dying四、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1. 表示現(xiàn)在或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常和下列時(shí)間狀語連用： now, atthis mome

16、nt, at present, these days (years), this term 有時(shí)也與 look , listen 等連用。例句： Look, what are the monkeys eating?看,那些猴子在吃什么？2. 表示當(dāng)前一直或反復(fù)在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或難以終止的動(dòng)作。例句： They are running and jumping all the time. 他們一直在跑啊跳啊?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式stay _work _take _do _spend _give _listenlook _ride _make _pleasesufferpu

17、t _ win _sit _ beginrefuserun _ opentie _ lie _closeoperatedie 二、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Mary and Lucy are (dance) now.2. Listen! Someone is (play) the piano in the next room.3. He is (sweep) the floor at the moment.4. Look ! The cat (eat) the fish on the table.5. A: you (study) French ?B: Yes , I am.6. She

18、often (dance) after school.7. My father and mother (swim) in the pond.8. My sister is (fly) a kite in the garden.9. We are (watch) TV now.10. Be quiet ! The baby (sleep) now.三、改錯(cuò)1.Weare cleanning our classroom. _2.She is sing inthenextroom.3.What am you doing? 4.Mary is comeing back from Beijing._5.

19、He often flyingkitesonSundays.6.They is reading books now. 7.My brother is playstheguitarnow8.Sally is danceingintheroom.9. I watching TV at home now. now?10. Doyouliste ningtheradio四、英漢互譯1. 他正在教室里做作業(yè)。2. We are reading English now.3. Peter 和 Billy正在操場(chǎng)上(in the playground)打籃球。4. Look ! A bird is flyin

20、g in the sky.5. 公共汽車來了。6. 劉先生經(jīng)常在周日的時(shí)候(on Sundays)看英語書。7. He isn ' t playing games. He is studying.8. 孩子們?cè)谡?pick)蘋果。9. That son of yours is always makin 搗舌L).10.你們正在做什么?能力測(cè)試卷（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式及現(xiàn)在分詞形式playsitdostopputswimskatedanceflylie用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.1 am(watch) TV now.2. He(play) in the classr

21、oom now.3. She often(da nee) after school.4. My sister is(fly) a kite in the park.5. My parents( 父母)(swim) in the pond.三、改錯(cuò)1.1 watchi ng TV at home now. 2. My father is plays the piano. 3. He ofte n flying kites on Sun days. 時(shí)態(tài)具體句型句子構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞做謂語主語+be (am/is / are )+not+其他 +.實(shí)意動(dòng)詞做謂語主語 +don' t/doe

22、sn ' t + 其他 +.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not +動(dòng)詞原形+其他+.4. They is reading books. 5. She is dancing in the room. 四、英漢互譯1. Billy 正在教室里做作業(yè)。2. My mother always cleans the house on Saturdays.3. 你正在做什么？ 4. 他們沒有踢足球，他們?cè)诖蚧@球。5. The bus is coming.小升初語法句型之肯定句和否定句一、陳述句定義：凡是說明一件事情，提出一個(gè)看法，或是表達(dá)一種心情的句子都是陳述 句。大多數(shù)的句子都是陳述句，陳

23、述句可以用肯定式和否定式?？隙ň渥兎穸ň淇隙ň渥兎穸ň渚褪羌觧ot no或表示否定的詞英語的句子重要取決于動(dòng)詞而動(dòng)詞又有時(shí)態(tài)的變化因此在不同的時(shí)態(tài)的句子中 的位置不同?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)詞做謂語主語+be動(dòng)詞(am /is /are)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他+.陳述句練習(xí)把下列陳述句變成否定句。1. My father watches TV every day . My fatherTV every day .2. Kate ofte n does her homework at six .Kate _ ofte nher homeworkat six.3.1 go to school at seve n

24、. Ito school at seve n .4.She usually goes home by bus .Sheusuallyhome by bus .5. They are good stude nts .Theygood stude nts .6. He is clever .Heclever .7. He has some bread for breakfast every morni ng .Hebread for breakfast every morni ng .8.1 ofte n drink some tea in the after noon .1ofte ntea i

25、n the after noon .9. He has some eggs .Heeg10. Kim likes his new bike .Kim his new bike小升初語法之疑問句疑問句是用來提出問題的，疑問句又包括：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、反義疑 問句和選擇疑問句。一、一般疑問句：1. 一般疑問句又可以叫做 yes/no句型，需要用yes或no來回答。 ?. 一般疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be 動(dòng)詞(am, is, are ) +主語+表語？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, may, must)+主語+行為動(dòng)詞(或be) ? 助動(dòng)詞(do, does)+主語+行為動(dòng)詞？助動(dòng)詞(shall, will,

26、 have, has )+主語+行為動(dòng)詞(或 be) ?3. 變一般疑問句的方法：(一調(diào)，二變，三問號(hào))Be 動(dòng)詞型一般疑問句：原句問句回答I am a girl.Are you a girl ?Yes,I am / No, I' m notShe is my friend.Is she your frie nd ?Yes, she is / No, she isn ' tHe is a stude nt.Is he a stude nt ?Yes, he is / No, he isn'tWe are home.Are you home ?Yes, we are /

27、No, we aren ' tThis is my book.Is this your book ?Yes, it is / No, it isn'tTheyaregoodfrien ds.Are they your good frie nds ?Yes, they are / No, they aren t情態(tài)動(dòng)詞型一般疑問句：原句問句回答I can draw.Can you draw ?Yes,I can / No, I can't.She can swim.Can she swim ?Yes, she can / No, she can tHe can ride

28、a bike.Can he ride a bike ?Yes, he can / No, he can' tWe will get there.Will you get here ?Yes, we will / No, we won' tIt can talk.Can it talk ?Yes, it can / No , it can' t助動(dòng)詞型一般疑問句：原句問句回答I like swimmi ng.Doyou like swimming ?Yes,I do / No, I don' tShe dan ces well.Does she dance Yes

29、,she does/No,shewell ?does n' tHe has a sister.Does he have a sister ?Yes, he does / No, he doesn' tWe cook dinner.Do you cook dinner?Yes, we do / No, we don ' tIt works well.Does it work ?Yes, it does / No, it doesn' tThey become good friendsDo they become good frien ds?Yes, they do

30、 / No, they don' t其它在句中要變換的詞有 some any, am are二、特殊疑問句： 以疑問代詞 what, who（whom）, whose, which 或疑問畐寸詞 when, where, how, why 放在句首提問的句子叫做特殊疑問句，答語只要針對(duì)問句中的疑問代詞或疑問 副詞來回答，不用yes或no。1. 疑問詞+ 一般疑問句（疑問詞作賓語、表語、狀語或定語）。What do you want? 你要什么？When do you have En glish class?你們什么時(shí)候有英語課?Whose coat is this?這是誰的大衣？How

31、 did he know it?他是怎么知道它的？Why did you say this?你為什么要這么說？Which is your umbrella?'哪個(gè)是你的雨傘？Where were these buses made? 這些巴士是哪兒制造的？2.疑問代詞作主語或作主語的定語時(shí)，詞序與陳述句相同：疑問代詞（+名詞）+謂語。Who teaches your brother Japa nese?誰教你弟弟日語？What is in the box on the table?桌上那個(gè)盒子里裝的是什么?Whose han dwriti ng is the best in your c

32、lass?你們班里誰的書法最好?*疑問代詞：who:主語、賓語、表語、用來提問表示“人”的各種成分。whose:用來提問“誰的”。which:用來提問“哪一個(gè)/位”。what:提冋表示“干什么”等意思*疑問副詞：when:提問在何時(shí)。where:提問在何地why:提問表示原因的短語或句子how:提問表示程度或方式的副詞或短語*由疑問詞how構(gòu)成的短語引導(dǎo)的問句how old （表示年齡）多大了 , how long （表示時(shí)間或物體的長(zhǎng)短）有多長(zhǎng) ，howmany +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 表示多少，how much + 不可數(shù)名詞 表示多少，how far（表示距離）多遠(yuǎn)疑問句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)按要求改寫句子，每空

33、格限填一詞。1. It ' s a large room.（改為復(fù)數(shù)形式）large rooms.2. He has to buy a dictionary for his daughter.（改為否定句）Heto buy a dicti onary for his daughter.3. Uncle Wang likes making things.（改為否定句）Un cle Wangmak ing thin gs.4. Ann returned the book to the library yesterday.（改寫為一般疑問句）Annthe book to the librar

34、y yesterday?.5. The hospital is about 300 meters away.（就劃線部分提問）is the hospital ?6. There are fifty-two students in our class.（就劃線部分提問）stude nts are there in your class?7.1 write to my mother once a week.（就戈U線部分提問）do you write to your mother ?8. He has three pens.（就劃線部分提問）pens does he have ?9.She is

35、ten years old.（ 就劃線部分提問）is she?10. They have a class meeting every other week.（改為否定句）Theya class meet ing every other week.11.She has dinner with her gran dpare nts once a week.（改為一般疑問句）shedinner with her gran dpare nts once a week?12. This ki nd of cold comes and goes very quickly.（改為一般疑問句）this kin

36、d of coldandvery quickly?13. He spe nt a whole morni ng clea ning the room.（就戈 U線部分提問）heclea ning the room.14. My brother has lunch at the school every day.（改為一般疑問句）your brotherlunch at the school every day?15. Put the book on the desk.（否定句）the book on the desk.16. His bike was bought yesterday.（就劃線

37、部分提問）was bought yesterday?17.She does morning exercises every day.（ 否定句）Shemorni ng exercises every day.18.My mother is very well.（就劃線部分提問）is your mother?19.She has to stay at home.（改為一般疑問句）sheto stay at home.20.Tom has lunch at school every day.（改為一般疑問句）小升初語法句型之祈使句一、祈使句：用來表示下達(dá)命令、提出要求、建議和勸告的句子。說話的對(duì)象

38、 通常是第二人稱you ,習(xí)慣上常省略。祈使句的肯定句謂語動(dòng)詞用原形，否 定句一般用don' t, never 開始。1 肯定祈使句句型1 :動(dòng)詞let + 第一、三人稱賓格代詞+ V.例句：Let' s go to school. 讓我們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)吧。Let me try.讓我試一試。Let him come upstairs.讓他上樓吧。句型2 :動(dòng)詞+其他部分請(qǐng)開門Turn to page two.Liste n to me.請(qǐng)將書翻到第二頁 請(qǐng)聽我講。Stop talki ng.別說話二、 否定祈使句（一般在句首加Don'1. Climb the tree ,ple

39、ase.Don ' t climb the tree!2. Open the door.Don ' t open the door.三、陳述句變祈使句請(qǐng)爬樹。 不要爬樹 打開門。不要開門t.）（肯定句）（否定句）（肯定句）（否定句）例句：Please open the door .文案大全你不能在課堂上做鬼臉。不要在課堂上做鬼臉。 你不要在床上看書。不要在床上看書。1. You can ' t make faces in class.Don ' t make faces in class.2. You can ' t read in bed.Don &#

40、39; t read in bed.祈使句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練、連詞成句并改寫成否定句。1. on walk the grass實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔2. ride a here bike二、 按要求改寫下列句子1She likes playing basketball after school. (否定句）2. He did his homework yesterday evening. (一般疑問句 ）3.Tom wrote a letter to his mother yesterday. (否定句）4.My mother can make kites. (一般疑問句 )5. There are some d

41、ictionaries on the desk. (否定句）小升初語法句型 there be 與 havehas 句型“There be ” 句型“There be + 某 （些）人或物 + 某地（或某時(shí)）”是指“某地（時(shí)）存在某人 （或某物）”。謂語 be 必須在數(shù)上和主語保持一致。 如果主語中既有單數(shù)又有復(fù) 數(shù)， be 的形式變化與它最近的主語相一致。（一）結(jié)構(gòu)There be （is are ） + 某1）There is + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 不可數(shù)名詞2）There are + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（二）用法文案大全實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔1. 肯定句： There is are +.2. 否定句： There is are + not3. 一般疑問句：lsAre + there ? Yes, there is are. No, th