第三講翻譯癥(1)

1、第三講第三講 翻譯癥（翻譯癥（1）Translationses / translatorese翻譯癥翻譯癥/翻譯體翻譯體/翻譯腔翻譯腔v翻譯癥的表現(xiàn)是譯筆拙劣(clumsy)，譯者過分受原文的語言形式束縛，結(jié)果是，輕則譯文不自然、不流暢、生硬(stiff; inflexible)，讀者要花費(fèi)較多的時(shí)間才能理解；重則以文晦澀難懂、讀者不知所云(inscrutable)。v造成的原因：1、沒有理解原文；2、死譯，對(duì)號(hào)入座；3、表述不符合譯入語的習(xí)慣。v下面我們來具體分析。1、句子過長（特別是定語過長）vI surprised the company by refusing to drink the

2、 dark red beverage poured out of a fat bellied bottled neatly dressed in a tight-fitting straw jacket.v(討論譯文)當(dāng)我拒絕喝從一個(gè)密封草套精致地裝飾的大肚子瓶子里倒出來的深紅色飲料時(shí)，大家吃了一驚。v改譯：這大肚子瓶子是用密封草套精致地裝飾著的。當(dāng)深紅色飲料從里面倒出來時(shí)，我拒絕喝它，這讓大家著實(shí)吃了一驚。vTheir speeches were dressed up with as much care as though they were parliamentary harangues

3、fashioned to the columns of the daily press.v(討論譯文)他們的演說被那么小心翼翼地裝扮得像是適合于每日?qǐng)?bào)刊專欄新聞上刊登的議會(huì)高談闊論似的。v改譯：他們的演說被小心翼翼地裝扮，就像是議會(huì)里的高談闊論，適合于刊登在每日?qǐng)?bào)刊專欄新聞上似的。vThose who judged of his ultimate success by the failure of his first attempt were agreeably disappointed.v(討論譯文)那些從他初次嘗試遭到失敗便斷定他的最后結(jié)局的人，高興地失望了。v改譯：他初次嘗試失敗了。但是

4、那些人卻據(jù)此判斷，他最終會(huì)取得勝利。因此他們雖然失望，卻也有幾分高興。vThe study found that non-smoking wives of men who smoke cigarettes face a much greater than normal danger of developing lung cancer. The more cigarettes smoked by the husband, the greater threat faced by his non-smoking wife.v(討論譯文)這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)抽煙男子的不抽煙妻子患肺癌的危險(xiǎn)比一般人大的多，丈夫

5、抽煙越多，其不抽煙妻子面臨的威脅越大。v修改：這項(xiàng)研究表明，妻子不抽煙丈夫抽煙，妻子得肺癌的危險(xiǎn)性比一般人大的多。丈夫抽的煙越多，妻子受到的威脅也就越大。vThe report noted proposals that eating less fat and more food with whole grains and other fibers can protect against cancer. v譯文：這份報(bào)告特別提到了少食脂肪，多吃含全面粉和其他纖維素的食物能預(yù)防癌癥的那些建議。v修改：該報(bào)告提到一些建議，主張人們少吃脂肪，多吃全糧食品和其他含纖維素的食物，能預(yù)防癌癥。2.過多地使用

6、介詞、連詞等功能詞（漢語中能省就?。﹙Return if Undelivered. v無法投遞請(qǐng)退回原處。vBecause it is late, I must go now.vIf you go to my home tomorrow, I will give you a surprise.vThe inside is so dark that we have to open our eyes wider.v我們過了江，進(jìn)了車站。我買票，他忙著照看行李。（朱自清背影）vWe entered the railway station after crossing the River. While

7、 I was at the booking office buying a ticket, father saw to my luggage. （張培基）vWe crossed the Yangtze and arrived at the station, where I bought a ticket while he saw to my luggage. （楊憲益）v少壯離家老大回，鄉(xiāng)音無改鬢毛衰vWhen I was young, I left my hometown, now Im old, I return.vMy accent is unchanged while my hair

8、turns grey.vYou clean the window, while I sweep the floor.v(討論譯文)當(dāng)我掃地時(shí)，你擦窗戶。3.譯文的隱含信息沒有外化而導(dǎo)致欠額翻譯vThey parted enemies.v(討論譯文)他們與敵人分手了。v改譯：他們分手了，成為了敵人。vWe bombed the Axis Europe.v(討論譯文)我們轟炸了軸心國的歐洲。v改譯：我們轟炸了軸心國在歐洲的占領(lǐng)區(qū)。vThe European Empires in Africa have disappeared.v(討論譯文)在非洲的歐洲帝國已經(jīng)消失了。v改譯：歐洲在非洲建立的帝國消

9、失了。vThis is the official kind of strike.v譯文：這是一種官方的罷工。v修改：這是工會(huì)組織的罷工。vThis is a dangerous and violent city. In some parts of it, the only law is the law of the jungle.v譯文：這是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的充滿暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的原則就是森林法則。v修改：這是一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的充滿暴力的城市。在有些地方，唯一的法則就是弱肉強(qiáng)食。4.過度發(fā)揮而導(dǎo)致超額翻譯vSome men have been virtuous blindly , others h

10、ave speculated fantastically , and others have been shrewed to bad purposes.v討論譯文：有些人非常正直，但卻瞎做事情，敗事有余；有些人考慮周到，但卻充滿幻想，處處染指；還有些人非常狡猾，時(shí)時(shí)想著坑害別人，達(dá)到不可告人的目的。v參考譯文：有些人品行端正，但對(duì)周遭不聞不問；有些人深思熟慮，但卻流于脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)；有些人非常精明，但卻把精明用到邪道上去。5.搭配不當(dāng)vThe fierce light of the burning house lighted Kinos face.v(討論譯文)燃燒中的房子的熊熊火光強(qiáng)烈地照亮了基諾

11、的臉。v改譯：房子燃燒的熊熊火光將基諾的臉照得通亮。vDespite being in an initially unfavorable position as regards availability of capital, cheap and skilled labor ，sails and iron fittings, the American shipbuilding industry forged ahead.v(討論譯文)盡管對(duì)于可用資本、廉價(jià)的技術(shù)工人、船員和鐵制零件處于初期的不利地位，美國造船鍛造工業(yè)在向前進(jìn)。v改譯：盡管在美國造船業(yè)初期可用資本捉襟見肘、廉價(jià)的技術(shù)工人短缺、船

12、帆和鐵制零件數(shù)量不足，美國造船業(yè)（它）仍在向前發(fā)展。vThats why I did it, for good, cold, pragmatic reasons. I want our employees and suppliers to be thinking: I can follow a guy who sets that kind of examples.v(討論譯文)我之所以這樣做是因?yàn)橛姓?dāng)?shù)?、冷酷的和?shí)用主義的理由的。我想要是我們的職工和我們的供應(yīng)商認(rèn)為：“我們可以追隨一個(gè)樹立了這樣的榜樣的人?！眝改譯：我之所以這樣做，是出于正當(dāng)?shù)?、冷靜的、實(shí)際的理由。vWhen I told

13、him what I had just done and why, his weathered face slowly changed.v(討論譯文)我把剛才做的事情高告訴他并解釋原因，他那飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的臉可慢慢地變了。v修改：我把剛才做的事情告訴他并作了解釋，他飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的臉上，臉色慢慢地變了。vImprove Your Study Habits (title)v譯文：改進(jìn)你的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。v修改：改進(jìn)你的學(xué)習(xí)方法。v修改：養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。vI am sure that it would change the situation if you are kind enough to lend sup

14、port to me.我相信如果你有足夠的好心支持我的話，它將會(huì)改變形勢?！咀g文】 我相信如果你非常好心能撐我一把的話，情況就不一樣了。練習(xí)v1.Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.2.She couldnt have come at a better time.3.But the next century well be able to alter our DNA radically, encoding our visions and vanities

15、while concocting new life-forms.v1.（討論譯文）職業(yè)和工作能提供必我們大多數(shù)人認(rèn)識(shí)多得多的幸福和滿足。v改譯：工作能給與人們很大的幸福和滿足，大多數(shù)人對(duì)此認(rèn)識(shí)不足。v2.來得正是時(shí)候。v但下個(gè)世紀(jì)我們將能很大程度上改變DNA，能在構(gòu)建新的生命時(shí)把我們的種種想象、種種出于虛榮的要求，都編入遺傳密碼。v4.This was one of the secrets of his great popularity, but it was a popularity which was as unsettled as the waves. It swelled, and bubbled, and foamed for a while, only to recede, and be lost to its former possessor.5.I walked to the ticket counter. When the ticket-seller saw me, her otherwise attractive face turned sour, violently so.v6.The expectation of collision informed British f