GMAT考試閱讀試題(九)(1)

1、GMAT 考試閱讀試題 (九 )(1)Passage 55Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United states during the 1980's to increased participation in the workforce by certain groups ，such as first-time or 5 reentering workers ， who supposedly prefer such arra

2、ngements. However，statisticalanalyses reveal that demographic changes in the workforce did not correlate withvariations in the total number of temporary workers.Instead ， these analyses suggest that factors affecting.10 employers account for the rise in temporary employ-ment. One factor is product d

3、emand：temporaryemployment is favored by employers who are adaptingto fluctuating demand for products while at the sametime seeking to reduce overall labor costs. Another15 factor islabor's reduced bargaining strength， whichallows employersmore control over the terms ofemployment. Given the analy

4、ses ， which reveal thatgrowth in temporary employment now far exceeds thelevel explainable by recent workforce entry rates of (20) groups said to prefer temporary jobs , firms should bediscouraged from creati ng excessive nu mbers of tem-porary positi ons. Gover nment policymakers shouldc on siderma

5、n dati ng ben efit coverage for temporaryemployees,promoting pay equity between temporary(25) and permanentworkers , assisting labor unions in orga-nizing temporary workers , and encouraging firms toassign temporary jobs primarily to employees whoexplicitly in dicate that prefere nee.1. The primary

6、purpose of the passage is to(A) prese nt the results of statistical an alyses and propose further studies.(B) expla in a rece nt developme nt and predict itseve ntual con seque nces.(C) identify the reasons for a trend and recommend measures to address it.(D) outli ne several theories about a phe no

7、menon and advocate one of them(E) describe the pote ntial con seque nces of impleme nti ng a new policy and argue in favor of that policy.2. Accord ing to the passage , which of the followi ng is true of the "factors affect ing employers" that are men ti onedin lines 9-10 ?(A) Most experts

8、 cite them as hav ing in itiated the growth in temporary employme nt that occurred duri ng the 1980's.(B) They may acco unt for the in crease in the total nu mber of temporary workers duri ng the 1980's.(C) They were less importa nt tha n demographic cha nge in acco un ti ng for the in creas

9、e of temporary employme nt dur ing the 1980's.(D) They in cluded a sharp in crease in the cost of labor duri ng the 1980's.(E) They are more difficult to acco unt for tha n at other factors invo Ived in the growth of temporary employme nt during the 1980's.3. The passage suggests which o

10、f the followi ng about the use of temporary employme nt by firms duri ng the 1980's ?(A) It en abled firms to deal with fluctuati ng productdema nd far more efficie ntly tha n they before the1980's.(B) It in creased as a result of in creased participati on in the workforce by certa in demogr

11、ap groups.(C) It was discouraged by gover nmen t-ma ndated policies.(D) It was a resp onse to prefere nces in dicated by certa in employees for more flexible work ing arran geme nts.(E) It in creased partly as a result of workers' reduced ability to con trol the terms of their employme nt.4. The

12、 passage suggests which of the followi ng aboutthe workers who took temporary jobs duri ng the 1980's?(A) Their jobs freque ntly led to perma nent positi ons withi n firms.(B) They constituted a less demographically diverse group tha n has bee n suggested.(C) They were occasi on ally invo Ived i

13、n acti ons orga ni zed by labor unions.(D) Their pay decli ned duri ng the decade in comparis on with the pay of perma nent employees.(E) They did not n ecessarily prefer temporary employme nt to perma nent employme nt.5. The first sentence in the passage suggests that the observers men tio ned in l

14、ine 1 would be most likely to predict which of the followi ng ?(A) That the nu mber of new temporary positi ons would decli ne as fewer workers who preferred temporaryemployme nt en tered the workforce.(B) That the total nu mber of temporary positi ons would in crease as fewer workers were able to f

15、ind perma nent positi ons(C) That employers would have less con trol over the terms of workers' employme nt as workers in creased their barga ining stre ngth.(D) That more workers would be hired for temporary positi ons as product dema nd in creased.(E) That the nu mber of workers taki ng tempor

16、ary positi ons would in crease as more workers in any give n demographic group en tered the workforce.6.1 n the con text of the passage , the word "excessive"(line21 ) most closely corresponds to which of thefollowing phrases ?(A) Far more tha n can be justified by workerprefere nces(B) Fa

17、r more tha n can be expla ined by fluctuatio nsin product dema nd.(C) Far more tha n can be ben eficial to the success of the firms themselves.(D) Far more tha n can be acco un ted for by anexpa nding n ati onal economy.(E) Far more tha n can be attributed to in creases in the total nu mber of peopl

18、e in the workforce.7. The passage men tio ns each of the follow ing as an appropriate ki nd of gover nmen tal acti on EXCEPT(A) gett ing firms to offer temporary employme nt primarily to a certa in group of people.(B) en couragi ng equitable pay for temporary and perma nent employees(C) facilitati ng the orga ni zati on of temporary workers by labor unions.(D) establishi ng guideli