新世紀(jì)英語學(xué)案-B2U1-Travelling-Aroung-China---Notes

1、Unit OneTravelling Around ChinaTextIntroduction:1. tiring but fun 中文：_Ø tiring a. 令人疲勞的，使人疲倦的tired a. 感到疲勞的，感到疲倦的 = _ tire vt. 使疲勞，使疲倦 tire sb. out 累人；使極度勞累be tired of sth. / doing sth. 對厭煩Ø fun n. 樂趣for fun 為了消遣make fun of 開玩笑 Practice: 1) The long talk wasB _ and all of us were _ of it.

2、A. tired; tiringB. tiring; tiredC. tiring; tiringD. tired; tired2) 你對于整個上午彈鋼琴感到厭煩嗎？ (tired)English: _3）這個短途旅行如此累人, 我再也走不動了。(sothat)English: _4） Jack是唯一一個會取笑她英語口語的人。(fun)English: _5）據(jù)報道，這個課程（course）枯燥但有用。(but)English: _2. How you travel often determines whether you travel will be a success or a failu

3、re.中文：_Ø determine v. 決定 = _determine to do sth. / that 決定做某事Ø determined a. 堅決的，下定決心的be determined to do sth. / that 決心做某事Ø success n. _ 成功做到某事 _Ø failure n. _ 未能做成某事 _Practice: 1）We areB _ to dedicate ourselves to our motherland. A. decidedB. determinedC. scheduledD. hurried2）

4、我們決定立刻采取行動來改善英語。(determine)English: _3） 明天是否下雨決定了我們是否能按時完成任務(wù)。(determine)推薦精選English: _Part 1: By Train = _3. generally speaking 一般而言，一般說來frankly speaking _ relatively speaking _ _ speaking嚴(yán)格來說_ speaking粗略地說Practice: 1A） _ speaking, the prices of most products were higher in 2008 than in 2006. A. Gen

5、erallyB. ProperlyC. FreelyD. Really2） 一般而言，人們習(xí)慣Generally speaking, people are used to putting the alarm clocks within arms reach.于把鬧鐘放在他們伸手可及的地方。(within arms reach)English: _3）相對來說，這個結(jié)果并不重要。(matter)English: _4. efficient a. (sb)能干的，勝任的；(sth) 高效率的 _ n. 效率Practice: 1） 一位能干的秘書 _2） There is nothing asC

6、_ as a bunch of facts to spoil a good rumor (謠言). A. sufficientB. efficientC. effectiveD. motive3） In order to become a fast andA _ surfer on the Internet, one has to learn something about “Netspeak” or “Webspeak” language. A. efficientB. effectiveC. effortD. affect4）他是個動作很快的、能干的辦事人員，老板對他很滿意。（so tha

7、t）English: _5. depend on1) 取決于 = be decided by2) 依據(jù)，依靠 = rely ondepend on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事Ø be dependent on依賴，依靠 _be independent of不依靠別人的；（經(jīng)濟上）獨立的；有獨立見解的 _Practice: 1） It _ onA how you deal with the question. A. dependsB. reliesC. countsD. trusts2）一切都取決于她一切都取決于她喜歡不喜歡這個老板。喜歡不喜歡It all depen

8、ds on whether she likes the boss or not. 這個老板。English: _3）你別指望他You can never depend on his arriving on time. 準(zhǔn)時到達。English: _4）萬物生長靠All living things depend on the sun for their growth.太陽。(depend)推薦精選English: _6. journey n. （長途的）旅行cf. travel 旅行（總稱） trip （短途）旅行，旅程 tour 旅行，觀光，巡回演出或比賽 voyage 航行，遠航Practi

9、ce: 1）The palace was rebuilt1. A 2. C and looked beautiful. Some people asked for a _ of the inside. A. tourB. travelC. journeyD. trip2）Have a good . A. tripB. tourC. journeyD. voyage3）那條船在首次航行The ship went under on its first voyage. 時就沉沒了。English: _4）他出差He has gone on a business trip.了。English: _5）

10、We went on a guided tour round我們跟著導(dǎo)游參觀了城堡。 the castle. 中文：_Part 2: By Ship = _7. A number of sea routes exist that can take you from one seaport to another along the coast of China.中文：_Ø exist vi. 存在Ø existence n. 存在，生存 come into existence = come into being 開始產(chǎn)生，問世；成立，建立Practice: 1）Few ani

11、mals1. A 2. When did the Earth come into existence? can _ in the frozen waters of the Arctic. A. existB. keepC. travelD. limit2）地球是什么時候開始形成的？(existence)English: _3）沒有空氣人就不能Man cannot exist without air.生存。English: _8. pass through 1）經(jīng)過，通過 2）經(jīng)歷，遭受Practice: 1） The proverb1. C 2. The waterway is wide en

12、ough for several ships to pass through at the same time. was _ from generation to generation. A. passed overB. passed throughC. passed downD. passed away2） 這條河很寬, 足以使幾條船同時通過。（pass）English: _推薦精選3） It's amazing鑒于他經(jīng)歷過的種種遭遇，他的樂觀令人驚嘆。 that he is still optimistic considering all that he's been pa

13、ssing through.中文：_ 9. historic sites 歷史古跡Ø historic a. 具有歷史意義的；歷史上著名的（重要的）Ø historical a. 歷史上的，與歷史有關(guān)的 _歷史小說a historical novela historical figurea historic victorya historic momenta historical backgrounda historical significancea history book_歷史人物_ 歷史性的勝利_歷史時刻_歷史背景_歷史意義_歷史書Practice: 1) In _

14、 Chinese1. A 3. The book is based on historical events. culture, marriage decisions were often made by parents for their children. A. traditionalB. historicC. remoteD. initial2) May 4, 1919 is a historic1919 年5月4日是有重大歷史意義的一天。 day.中文：_3) 這本書是根據(jù)歷史事件寫成的。(based)English: _ Part 3： By Air10. limited a. 有限

15、的；不多的Ø limit n. 限度；極限Practice: 1) 會員只限Key: 1. Membership is limited to women. 2. How can we make best use of our limited natural resources? 3. 我會盡力幫忙, 但我所能做的也是有限度的。于女性。(limited)English: _ 2) 我們怎么才能最好地利用我們有限的自然資源呢？(make use of)English: _ 3) I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to

16、 what I can do. 中文：_11. pay for: (1) 為某事吃苦頭或受罰，付出代價pay paid paid (2) 付款，償還 Practice: 1) After working hard for ten years, she finally _ all her debts. A. paid forB. paid toC. paid backD. paid off2) 你得為你的罪行付出代價。 (pay)English: _ 3) Just to satisfy my curiosity, how much did you pay for your car? Engli

17、sh: _ 推薦精選Key: 1. D 2. You'll have to pay for your crime. 3. 我只是出于好奇想問一下你買這輛車花了多少錢？4) This time-saving advantage has to be paid for.中文：_12. available a.（1） (sth)可得到的；可使用的 sth be available to sb（2） (sb)有空的PracticeKey: 1. A 2. All types of computers are available to you in this shop. Air tickets a

18、re available to people through the Internet. : 1) Most of the staff is away today so youll have to see whoever is _. A. availableB. accessibleC. obtainableD. advisable2) 這個商店里你可以買到所有款式的電腦。English: _ 3) 如今，人們可以通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)買到飛機票。English: _ Part 4：By Bus13. on schedule 按期，按時cf. ahead of schedule 提前 behind sche

19、dule 晚點，落后于預(yù)定計劃Ø be scheduled to do 計劃做某事 PracticeKey: 1. C 2. Because of the heavy fog, we arrived at school behind schedule. 3. 他原本能按預(yù)定進度做完這件事的，但不知怎的卻落后了。4. In spite of all the difficulties, we fulfilled our task ahead of schedule.: 1） As they had everything they needed, they were able to fin

20、ish the task _. A. behind scheduleB. before scheduleC. ahead of scheduleD. in schedule2） 由于大霧，我們沒能按時到校。(behind)English: _ 3）He could have finished it on schedule, but somehow he fell behind.中文：_4） 盡管有許多困難，我們還是提前完成了任務(wù)。(in spite of)English: _ 5)這本歷史小說計劃在下周二發(fā)布。English: _ Part 5: By Bicycle14. mentionKe

21、y: 1. As is mentioned above, the result of the experiment is wrong.2. Although he is the witness of the traffic accident, he didnt mention it to the police.3. Every time/ Whenever I mention playing football, he says hes too busy. v. 說起，提到Practice: 1) 正如之前提到的那樣，這個實驗結(jié)果是錯誤的。(As)推薦精選English: _2) 雖然他是這起交

22、通事故的目擊者，但他沒有向警察提及過這點。(mention)English: _3) 每次我一提踢足球的事，他就說他太忙了。English: _² Dont mention it. 不用謝，沒關(guān)系 15. fill up sth. / fill sth. up 裝滿（填寫，填充，填塞，堵塞）Key: 1. His office began to be filled up with people.2. After the heavy rain, the storage tanks were filled up again. PracticeKey: 1. C 2. Because of

23、 the heavy fog, we arrived at school behind schedule. 3. 他原本能按預(yù)定進度做完這件事的，但不知怎的卻落后了。4. In spite of all the difficulties, we fulfilled our task ahead of schedule.: 1) 他的辦公室里擠滿了人。(fill)English: _ 2) 那場暴雨過后，蓄水池(the storage tanks)又滿了。(fill)English: _ 16. native n. 本地人，本國人a. 本地的，本國的，出生地的 a native of Shang

24、haithe natives = the localsnative land / country = _母語使用者Ø be native to這種花原產(chǎn)于巴西。English: _Ø locala.地方的a local newspaper (not national or worldwide)Vocabulary IIVocabulary for Listening and Speaking1. sort outv. 挑選出，（從中）區(qū)分出來，解決e.g. Climbing that mountain will certainly sort out the men from

25、 the boys. 爬一下那座山就知道誰行誰不行了。Have you sorted out how to get there yet? 你解決了怎么到達那里的問題了嗎?推薦精選PracticeKey: 1. We must sort out the good apples from the bad. 2.We have got to sort out our working relationship.: 1) 咱們得把好蘋果揀出來，同壞的分開。 (sort out)English: _ 2) 我們要理順我們的工作關(guān)系。(sort out)English: _ Additional Readi

26、ng1. rate vt./ vi. 估價，認(rèn)為，被認(rèn)為n. 比率；（運動、變化等的）速度；進度費用，價格Ø at any rate 無論如何 Practice: 1）We droveKey: 我們以平穩(wěn)的速度開車。At any rate the task must be fulfilled. I would rate this wine as the finest I have ever tasted. at a steady rate.中文：_2) 無論如何，任務(wù)必須完成。English: _ 3) 我認(rèn)為這種酒是我所品嘗過的最好的酒。(rate)English: _

27、2. sight n. 視力，視覺；眼界，視域；觀看；瞥見；奇觀，常用復(fù)名勝 ² have long far sight 遠視；遠見² have short near sight 近視，缺乏遠見Ø in sight 看得見 Ø out of sight看不見，在視線之外 vt. （初次）看見，發(fā)現(xiàn) vi. （用儀器）瞄準(zhǔn)；察看3. Not only is it the largest in Asia, but it is also rated as one of the most spectacular oceanariums in the world.

28、中文：_Ø not only. but (also). 連接兩個分句，當(dāng)not only位于句首，前一個分句常用倒裝來表示強調(diào)，而but (also)后的分句仍用陳述語序。1) Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat. 中文：_2) 李小姐不但喜歡音樂，而且還喜歡Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports.Not only did he speak English correctly， but also he speaks

29、 it fluently.體育。推薦精選English: _3) 他不但英語說得正確，還說得很流利。English: _Structures:The Passive Voice of Phrasal VerbsA. 被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)1一般現(xiàn)在時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： am is are done.2一般過去時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： was were done. 3含情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： canmaymustought to/need/should be done. 4一般將來時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to will be done。 5現(xiàn)在進行時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： be being done. 6現(xiàn)在完成時的被動結(jié)

30、構(gòu)： havehas been done. 7. 過去完成時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： had been done8.一般過去時的被動結(jié)構(gòu)： would be doneB. 被動語態(tài)的用法1雙賓語的被動語態(tài)1)show, give sb.sth.=show, give sth. to sb.2)buy, get, sb. sth.=buy, get, sth. for sb.2復(fù)合賓語的被動語態(tài) make/see/hear/watch sb. do sth. =sb. be made/seen/heard/watched to do sth.3特殊疑問句的被動語態(tài)Who destroyed my bicyc

31、le？- Who was my bicycle destroyed by?- By whom was my bicycle destroyed?4. 動詞短語的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)主動形式被動形式動詞+副詞fill upbe filled up動詞+副詞+介詞look forward to be looked forward to動詞+介詞pay forbe paid for動詞+名詞+介詞pay attention tobe paid attention to一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個整體，而不能遺漏其中的介詞、名詞或副詞。ExerciseHe will be operated on

32、by the best surgeon. 他將由最好的外科醫(yī)生給他動手術(shù)。This matter has been carefully looked into. 此事已經(jīng)得到仔細地調(diào)查。These problems have been seriously thought over. 這些問題已得到認(rèn)真考慮。The lights are turned off at 11 p.m. every day. 每天晚上11點鐘關(guān)燈。The fire was soon put out.那場大火很快被撲滅。Women were looked down upon in the past. 婦女過去受到歧視。T

33、he lost time must be made up for.失去的時間必須補回來。The children have been taken good care of. 這些孩子得到了很好地照顧。What they did have been paid great attention to. 他們所做的一切已受到極大的關(guān)注。Time is precious and should be made full use of. 時間寶貴，應(yīng)該充分利用。 1: Complete the sentences.推薦精選1. 他將由最好的外科醫(yī)生給他動手術(shù)。 He will _ by the best s

34、urgeon. 2. 此事已經(jīng)得到仔細地調(diào)查。(look into) This matter _. 3. 這些問題已得到認(rèn)真考慮。(think over)These problems _.4. 每天晚上11點鐘關(guān)燈。The lights _.5. 那場大火很快被撲滅。(put out)The fire _.6. 婦女過去受到歧視。 (look down upon)Women _ in the past. 7. 失去的時間必須補回來。(make up for)The lost time _.8. 自從那時起，這些孩子得到了很好地照顧。The children_.9. 他們所做的一切已受到極大的關(guān)

35、注。What they did _.10. 時間寶貴，應(yīng)該充分利用。Time is precious and _.C.不能用被動語態(tài)的情況：1. 所有的不及物動詞或不及物動詞詞組(rise, fall, go, come, sit, stand)；2. 表示狀態(tài)的謂語動詞詞組，如last、hold、benefit、contain、equal、fit、join、mean、look like、consist of等；3. 表示歸屬的動詞，如have、own、belong to等4. 表示“希望，意圖”的動詞，如wish、want、hope、like、love、hate等5. 不能用于被動語態(tài)的動詞

36、短語：agree with同意shake hands witharrive at / insucceed insuffer fromconsist oftake part inbreak outcome outcome up推薦精選come truefall asleepkeep silencelose hearttake place6. 主動語態(tài)表示被動意義的4種情況：1) feel、look、smell、taste、sound、remain、appear、seem、stay、become等連系動詞后面接形容詞時；2) 當(dāng)cut、sell、wash、write、open、lock等詞描述主語

37、的性質(zhì)特點時；3) 當(dāng)動詞表示“開始，結(jié)束，關(guān)，停，轉(zhuǎn)，啟動”等意義時start、end、shut off、 work out;e.g.： The plan worked out successfully. 4) want、require、need主動表示被動意義時;5) be worth doing 用主動形式表示被動意義。Exercise 2: Find and correctKey:1. have been kept2. was founded3. can be avoided4. hanging / to be hung5. happened6. was sent7. is being

38、 raised8. broke out9. being invited10. are suffering the mistakes in the following sentences.1) The athletes have kept busy preparing the Olympics since the beginning of the year.2) Do you have any idea when the United States were founded?3) If you read the instructions carefully, mistakes on the te

39、st paper can avoid.4) The wet clothes need being hung near the fire.5) Last night when he called at my home, I was happened not to be there.6) He sent to work in the countryside after graduating from the university.推薦精選7) With the development of science and technology, the peoples living standard is raising.8) The second World War was broken out in 1931.9) He took part in Toms birthday party without inviting.10) Although we are suffered fro