九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解人教版(朗文)知識(shí)精講()

1、初三英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解人教版（朗文）【本講教育信息 】一 . 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：語(yǔ)法講解名 詞名詞可以分為專有名詞（Proper Nouns）和普通名詞（ Common Nouns ），專有名詞是某個(gè)（些）人，地方，機(jī)構(gòu)等專有的名稱，如Beijing ，China 等。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個(gè)抽象概念的名詞，如：book ，sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類：名專有名詞China, Ann,the GreatWall個(gè)體名詞 gun, country,可數(shù)名student詞集體名詞 people普通名詞物質(zhì)名詞 paper, police不可數(shù)詞名詞抽象名詞 homeworkI. 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)

2、數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成：1. 一般情況2. 結(jié)尾是 s, x, ch, sh 的3. 輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的4. 以 f, fe 結(jié)尾的5. 以 o 結(jié)尾的6. 不規(guī)則變化：a. 改變拼寫的： man-men, child- children, woman-women, Englishman-Englishmenb. 單復(fù)數(shù)相同的： Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer.c. 集體名詞以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，其實(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)的意義。people, policed. 表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí)用作復(fù)數(shù)形式。the Chinese, the British, the Japanese, the Frenche

3、. 以 s 結(jié)尾仍為單數(shù)形式。 news, maths, polices, physics, the United States, the United Nations.f. 有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 glasses, trousers, clothes, thanks.g. 有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)形式意義不同。goods 貨物 , waters 水域 , fishes（各種）魚，people 各族人民。II. 不可數(shù)名詞的量1. milk, water, tea, orange, meat, bread, rice, air, food, work, hair 沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

4、2. 用量詞來(lái)表示數(shù)量，a piece of bread, two pieces of meat, glass, pair, tin, box, basket, pair.III.名詞的所有格冠 詞不定冠詞a, an 的用法泛指一類人或事物的一個(gè)或一類。（ Miss Gao is an English teacher. ）指某人或某物，但不具體說(shuō)明。（I borrowed a dictionary from the library.）表示數(shù)量，但語(yǔ)氣不如one 強(qiáng)。（The elephant has a long nose and two big teeth. ）表示單位，相當(dāng)于“每”。（ W

5、e have five English classes a week. ）用在固定詞組中。 （ a few, a little, a lot of, a bit, a moment, later, a piece of, a pair of）在以元音開頭名詞前用an。（ an hour, an American, an eye, an old man）定冠詞 the 的用法特指某（些）人和某（些）事物。（ What s the weather like?）復(fù)述上文提到的人和物。（ I borroweda picture bookyesterday. The bookisinteresting.

6、）very談話雙方都知道的人和物。（ Where is the book? It s in the desk.）用在表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物上。（ the sun, the moon, the earth ）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。（The first one is the longest of all. ）用在江河、山脈、湖泊等的名詞前。（ the West Hill, the West Lake）和姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形式一起表示全家。（ the Greens）用在樂(lè)器名稱前。 （ play the piano ）用在很多習(xí)慣用法中。 （in the morning, the high jump

7、, the day after tomorrow）不用冠詞的情況專有名詞、物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞前。（ China, homework, wood ）在表示一類人或一類事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。（Li Lei s parents are both teachers）.在節(jié)日、假日、星期幾、月份、季節(jié)等名詞前。（ TeachersDay, Monday, June, summer）在稱呼語(yǔ)、表示頭銜、職務(wù)的名詞前。（ Li Lei, Mr. Smith, Doctor Black）在一日三餐或球類運(yùn)動(dòng)前。 （ have breakfast / lunch / supper, play basketball

8、/ volleyball / football ）在某些固定詞組里的名詞前。（ in bed, at noon, go to school, at home ）數(shù) 詞I. 基數(shù)詞II. 序數(shù)詞III. 年月日的表達(dá)法IV. 交際活動(dòng)中的數(shù)詞表達(dá)法（No. 161 Middle School, Room 301, Row 4, page 25, Lesson 19 ）V. 千位以內(nèi)的表達(dá)法VI. 分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：分子為基數(shù)詞，分母為序數(shù)詞，分子大于一時(shí)，分母的序數(shù)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Two-thirds of the teachers in our school are women.1/2 one ha

9、lf1/4 one- fourth（ one quarter）1/3 one third3/4 three- fourths（ three quarter）VII.單位的表達(dá)法（長(zhǎng)、寬、高、距離等）half a metre deep400 metres wide1,7000 kilometres longthousands of kilometers away from【模擬試題 】（答題時(shí)間： 90 分鐘）I. 選擇填空（） 1. We will go on a picnic if it _ fine this Sunday.A. isB. areC. will beD. was（） 2.

10、My parents are _ doctors in the People Hospital.A. allB. bothC. eitherD. neither（） 3. I don think Jim can run _ Tom.A. so fast asB. as faster as C. faster asD. the fastest as（） 4. There is a seat left for you. _ sit on the stairs.A. NotB. Do n tC. Not to sitD. Sit not（） 5. Can you tell me how to _“p

11、engyou” in English?A. tellB. askC. sayD. talk（） 6. The car accident happened _ the evening of November 15 th, 2000.A. inB. onC. forD. talk（） 7. Who jumped _, Li Lei, Li Ping or Wang Dong?A. fartherB. farthestC. the fartherD. as far（） 8. “Where can I find Mr Brown?” “He _ to the dining hall.”A. wentB

12、. has goneC. has beenD. was going（） 9. Jane said she would come here _ 9:00 and 9:30 tomorrow morning.A. fromB. atC. betweenD. around（） 10.Your idea is a good one. I think we can _.A. try out itB. try them outC. try out themD. try it out（） 11.What makes you _ she is a rich woman?A. to thinkB. thinkC

13、. thinkingD. thought（） 12.Dont forget to bring the keys to the car, _?A. do youB. aren t you C. will not youD. will you（） 13.He has never seen such a beautiful picture, _?A. hasn t heB. has heC. does heD. doesn het（） 14.Look! The farm workers are busy _ pears.A. to pickB. pickedC. pickingD. to picki

14、ng（） 15.No news _ good news.A. areB. isC. wereD. has been（） 16.He _ here in Japan for nearly three months.A. has goneB. has been to C. has beenD. has gone to（） 17.I don t think James will go climbing with us. He prefers _ to _.A. swim, climbB. to swim, to climbC. swimming, climbingD. swims, climbs（）

15、 18. Please help me. The box on the shelf is _ high _ reach.A. too, toB. to, tooC. so, thatD. very, to（） 19.This is Jack. He is a good friend of _.A. meB. myC. ID. mine（） 20.Do you know _ this evening?A. what doB. what do we doC. what to doD. what we to doII.完形填空Linda was a few minutes late. Wilson

16、had1the office when she got there. His secretarytold her he would be back in a few minutes. She had to sit down and wait in outer office.“ I ll2get this job,” she told herself. For a momshe3nt to run out of the building. Justthen, Wilson came through the door and hurried into his office.A few second

17、s later his secretary took Linda in and told Wilson her4.Linda said sorry to him for being late. Wilson did not seem to5. Then they had a shorttalk and got down to 6 . He took out her letter applying for the job and7it.“ You ve never worked in radio or television before, have you?” he asked. Linda a

18、nsweredthat she was 8she hadn t. Now she was even more sure that she would not9 the job. 10Wilson asked her a few questions.To her surprise he seemed to be11 in her. She was even more 12when he asked her ifshe could start soon. It seemed she had got the job after all.（） 1. A. returnedB. leftC. close

19、dD. reached（） 2. A. certainlyB. againC. almostD. never（） 3. A. wantedB. triedC. hadD. began（） 4. A. ageB. nameC. familyD. address（） 5. A. mindB. understand C. startD. excuse（） 6.A. workB. dinnerC. restD. business（） 7.A. readB. turnedC. wroteD. posted（） 8.A. sureB. afraidC. happyD. clear（） 9.A. be gi

20、venB. be lostC. be gotD. be finished（） 10.A. FirstB. SoC. ThenD. Hardly（） 11.A. angryB. pleasedC. carefulD. interested（） 12.A. sorryB. terribleC. surprisedD. tiredIII.閱讀理解January 12It began to snow last night. I can t see the village below or the mountain top above. I hopewe have enough food. The pu

21、ppies Jigs and Reels are with me, and they eat more than I do.January 16Still snowing. The dogs have had nothing to eat since yesterday morning. An hour ago theywanted to go out. They know that things aren right here. I put them out through a windowbecause I can t open the door. The snow is two mete

22、rs deep outside.January 17Jigs and Reels didn t come back last night.“ Dead, ” I thought. They re only five monthThis weather kills them. But at the mid-morningI heard them callingme. I looked out and notbelieve my eyes they were dragging a big rabbit through the snow. They dropped him through thewi

23、ndow into my hands. Rabbits for dinner!January 18Still snowing, and the wind is strong. Jigs and Reels have been out again. What do you thinkthey brought back? Two grey pigeons! I finished my own food on the 16th-so how glad I am!January 20Better weather today, but the sky is still dark. Three meter

24、s of snow outside. Reels killedan other rabbit, near the house. I watched how he did it. Then he left, Jigs brought it home proudly.January 25We ve have eaten four rabbits, eight pigeons and other birds. The puppies have grown upin a week. They re dog now, and they have saved my life. It s very cold

25、, but the sun is overheard.Tomorrow I ll try to get down to the village.（） 1. Where is the writers house?A. In the village.B. Below the village.C. Higher than the village.D. By the village.（） 2. The dogs have had nothing to eat at home since yesterday because _.A. they are hungryB. their food has be

26、en eaten upC. they are too sick to eat anythingD. they like to look for food outside（） 3. Jigs and Reels didnt come back on January,the16writer thought they _.A. died because of the weatherB. died of hungryC. were picked up by someoneD. lost their way（） 4. How do you understand the sentence“the dogs

27、 know that things arent right here.”?A. It s very cold outside.B. We will go hungry and die.C. I can t open the door.D. Some animals will fight with them.IV.選詞填空before, get in,beautiful,high, bring,make, in return,grow, do,because1. The man didn t want to go out of the train _ it was raining.2. Can

28、animals _ to work for us?3. We have decided to visit most of the parks in the city _ we leave China.4. They know they will get something to eat _.5. Mary jumps _ than she did last year.6. The farmers _ to the crops now.7. After he had finished the homework, he _ it here that day.8. No one knows how

29、or where these people learn about _ food.9. Which picture is _ , this one or that one?10. We know if we teach some animals _ some work, they can do the work.V. 完成句子1. 這臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)怎么了？我怎么關(guān)不上它了._ this computer? I can t turn it off.2. 警察們盡最大的努力保持交通通暢。The police tried hard to _.3. 一點(diǎn)兒也沒(méi)有焦慮的事情。There is _.4. 與他交

30、談是很必要的。_ to talk to him.5. 或者你退出或者我們退出。_ you stop, _ we wash our hands of the business.VI.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話A: 1_.B: It snowing. But it nots very cold. The weatherman says it will clear up tomorrowmorning.A: 2 _B: It -4s to 3.A: 3_B: Not very often. But this winter it snows a lot.A: 4 _B: Spring? Oh, it gets warm

31、 fast. But the wind is strong.A: 5_B: Autumn. It s neither hot nordcl.A: And it s not windy, is it?B: You are right.VII.閱讀回答問(wèn)題Sam loved to scuba dive. He loved to be in the deep water.One Saturday afternoon Sam was scuba diving near the Florida coast. He was looking at some beautiful fish. Suddenly,

32、 the water pulled him down. Sam tried to swim up. The water pulled him down again.Sam looked down and was a huge pipe; it was about 16 feet across. The pipe was on the ocean floor. The water was pulling Sam into the pipe! Again, Sam tried to swim up. Again, the water pulled him down. A few seconds l

33、ater, Sam was inside the pipe. The water was still pulling him. Where was he going? What was at the end of the pipe?Then Sam remembered: There was a nuclear plant nearby. The pipe went to the nuclear plant! What was at the end of the pipe? Probably a pump.For long minutes, Sam was in the pipe. He co

34、uld see nothing. Everything was black. Then Sam saw something blue. What was it? What was at the end of pipe? It was the blue sky? Sam was out of the pipe. He was in a pool of water at the unclear power plant. Luckily, there was no pump at the end of the pipe. There was only a pool of water.A worker

35、 at the unclear power plant pulled Sam out of the water. Sam had a few cuts on hislegs and arms, but he was not really hurt. Sam has a new hobby now. He doesn t scuba dive. He collects stamps.1. What was Sam s hobby?2. What happened one day when Sam was scuba diving?3. What pulled Sam into the pipe?4. What did Sam see in the pipe?5. Why did Sam stop scuba diving?VIII.書面表達(dá)你有過(guò)去超市購(gòu)物的經(jīng)歷嗎？請(qǐng)你談一談這次經(jīng)歷。（提示詞供選用）supermarketexperienceforget to take moneyforget to take the fruit back試