牛津英語模塊UniGrammar公開課

1、m5 unit1 grammari was shocked to find a piece of paper in paper on my deskwe call the red words 動詞不定式動詞不定式(to do sth.).sentences from reading:i must be really stupid to fail a simple math quizi pretended to be cheerful,we went to wash our hands in the girls room, 本節(jié)課重點提要本節(jié)課重點提要 1. 不定式的基本形式和否定形式不定式的基

2、本形式和否定形式 2. 不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài) 3. 不定式的基本用法不定式的基本用法 4 保留不定式符號保留不定式符號to 5. 不帶不帶to的不定式的不定式 they advised me to give up smoking they advised me _ _ _ _ smoking . he promised to take care of the poor he promised _ _ _ _ _ the poor不定式的基本形式是由不定式的基本形式是由“to + 動詞原動詞原形形”構(gòu)成，其否定形式是構(gòu)成，其否定形式是not to do.step 1 基本形式和否

3、定形式基本形式和否定形式nottogiveupnotto take care of動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)1. i opened the door to enter the room. 2. mr. smith is going to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 一般式一般式( to do /to be done).不定式的一般式所不定式的一般式所表示的動作（狀態(tài)）表示的動作（狀態(tài)）同時（或幾乎同時）同時（或幾乎同時）發(fā)生，或之后發(fā)生。發(fā)生，或之后發(fā)生。step 2.進行式進行式( to be doing)1. i am

4、very glad to be working with you.2. they seemed to be talking about something secret.如果謂語表示的動作如果謂語表示的動作（情況）發(fā)生時，不（情況）發(fā)生時，不定式所表示的動作正定式所表示的動作正在進行。在進行。動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)動詞不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài).完成式（完成式（to have done/to have been done)2. im pleased to have been given this chance.1. you seemed to have re

5、ad the novel written by mr. smith.如果不定如果不定式的動作式的動作發(fā)生在謂發(fā)生在謂語之前。語之前。如果不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表如果不定式的邏輯主語是不定式所表示的動作的承受者，不定式要用示的動作的承受者，不定式要用被動被動形式形式.語態(tài)語態(tài)時態(tài)時態(tài)主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般時一般時 進行時進行時完成時完成時 小小 結(jié)結(jié)to doto be doneto be doing無無to have done to have been done動詞不定動詞不定式式to do like that is foolish.i want to see you thi

6、s evening.all you have to do is to finish it quickly.we found a house to live in.she came here to study english. i warned the patient not to eat cold water after the operation. 主語主語 賓語賓語表語表語 定語定語 狀語狀語 賓補賓補step 3 step 3 不定式的用法不定式的用法作主語作主語_is really important nowadays._is right= it is right to give up

7、 smoking.1.當今掌握一門外語真的很重要。當今掌握一門外語真的很重要。2. 放棄吸煙是對的。放棄吸煙是對的。不定式短語作主語時，用不定式短語作主語時，用it 作形式主語，真正作形式主語，真正的主語后置。的主語后置。to master a foreign languageto give up smoking作賓語作賓語fred didnt have any money, so he decided_he promised not_1. fred 沒有錢，所以他決定找一份工作。沒有錢，所以他決定找一份工作。2. 他答應不告述任何人這事。他答應不告述任何人這事。(構(gòu)成構(gòu)成v.+ to do的

8、形式的形式)afford, agree, arrange, ask, decide, demand, plan desire, expect, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, wish, prefer, happen, intend, fail等等不定式短語可以作賓語，以下動詞后，不定式短語可以作賓語，以下動詞后，跟不定式作賓語跟不定式作賓語to look for a job.to tell anyone about it. i find it interesting to work with him. 如果還帶有賓語

9、補足語，往往把不定式賓語放在賓語補足語之后，而用it 作形式賓語。類似的動詞還有 ( (構(gòu)成構(gòu)成 主語主語+v.+ it +賓補賓補+ to do sth. 的形式的形式)feel, think, consider, make, believe ) 等 注意 形式賓語與形式賓語與形式主語的區(qū)別是形式主語的區(qū)別是形式賓形式賓語無語無bebe動詞動詞在在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, have, let, make 等詞后的補足語中，不定式不帶等詞后的補足語中，不定式不帶to。但。但 是這些句子如果變成被動結(jié)

10、構(gòu)時，就必須帶是這些句子如果變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，就必須帶to。eg. i often hear him sing the song. he is often heard _the song. 注意 allow, ask, advise, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, would like, order, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn, wish( (構(gòu)成構(gòu)成“v.+ sb.+ to do”v.+ sb.+ to do”的形式的形式) )作賓補作賓補to sing1他要求我和他一起做這個工作他要求我

11、和他一起做這個工作 2 吉姆讓我替他向這里的各位給予最好的祝吉姆讓我替他向這里的各位給予最好的祝愿愿he asked me _with him.to do the workjim told me _ to everyone hereto give his best wishesconsolidation作表語作表語my job is_to see is_.1. 我的工作是教英語。我的工作是教英語。2. 眼見為實。眼見為實。to teach english.to believe作定語作定語do you have anything_?1. 你有什么要說的嗎你有什么要說的嗎?2. betty是第一個

12、知道這真相的人是第一個知道這真相的人 betty was the first_to sayto know the truth 如果不定式是不及物動詞或所修飾的名詞是不定式的地點/工具,不定式后面須有相應的介詞 we have several model bikes to choose from he is looking for a room to live in please give me a knife to cut with there is nothing to worry about 在time place way后面的不定式常省介詞 he had no place to live

13、注意 作狀語作狀語he spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.they jumped with joy to hear the news.im too tired to walk any further tonight.目的狀語目的狀語.原因狀語原因狀語.結(jié)果狀語結(jié)果狀語1 他回家去取鑰匙2 我說了什么話使你不高興?3 贏了這場足球賽,我們感到自豪he went home _ his keywhat have i said _you happy?we are proud _the football matchto getto maketo wi

14、n目的狀語目的狀語.原因狀語原因狀語.結(jié)果狀語結(jié)果狀語consolidation 在be +形容詞(glad happy pleased anxious willing ready等)詞后保留to 在love like mean hope advise expect want persuade refuse wish seem等動詞后保留to 在have need ought be able be going used等動詞后保留to 在ask tell advise persuade wish permit allow sb to do sth中保留to 不定式的否定形式后保留to 不定式的

15、完成式后保留to have used to be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be 不能省略step 4 動詞不定式保留動詞不定式保留to符號符號 的情況歸的情況歸納納 will you join us in a talk? yes ill be glad to would you like some bananas? yes id love to we should do everything that we ought to dont touch anything unless your teacher tells you to -did you want to give a talk on this sub

16、ject? - i prefer not to you ought to have finished your work i know i ought to have china is no longer what it used to beexamples_動詞不定式省略動詞不定式省略to to 的情況歸納的情況歸納*1 當動詞不定式作賓語補足語時，如動詞是當動詞不定式作賓語補足語時，如動詞是 make, let , have 或或 look at , see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, feel 等，不定式不帶等，不定式不帶to.*2. 在下列結(jié)構(gòu)后

17、在下列結(jié)構(gòu)后 had better, would rather, would ratherthan, cannot but（不得不（不得不 ，必然，不能不），必然，不能不）, cant help but = cant choose but do等等*3. why not 表建議表建議*4. 在介詞在介詞 but , except 之后，如果其前有實義動詞之后，如果其前有實義動詞do 的某種形式，不定式不帶的某種形式，不定式不帶to, 反之須帶反之須帶to .step 5 *5不定式and or but rather than 等等表示并列關系的第二個to 省略 ,表示相反關系的不省略第二個to

18、id like to go and see a filmthey didnt tell me whether to go on or to stopdo you want to go shopping or watch tv?i decided to write rather than phoneeg.1) she could do nothing but cry.2) i have no choice but to go.3)we had nothing to do but watch tv4) all i could do was 注意注意a. 帶疑問詞的動詞不定式在帶疑問詞的動詞不定式在

19、to 前加疑問詞前加疑問詞。(不包括不包括why/if)mr.lin will teach us how to use the computer.can you tell me where to get the book?i dont know i dont know what to say/what to what to say/what to write about/how to do itwrite about/how to do it 無 if to do why to do結(jié)構(gòu) b there be 句型中不定式主動被動形式一樣there is a lot of work to do

20、=there is a lot of work to be done注意注意c 不定式主動被動形式不一樣have you anything to wash? no ,nothing, i plan to go shopping不定式的執(zhí)行者是 you have you anything to be washed? no ,thank you不定式的執(zhí)行者不是 you 注意注意1.robert is said_abroad, but i didnt know what country he studied in.(nmet99)a.to have studied b.to studyc. mad

21、e d. to makepractice2. he claimed _in the supper market when he was doing shopping yesterday.（上海（上海98）a.being badly treated b.treating badlyc. to be treated badly d. to have been badly treated.3 the purpose of new technologies is to make life easier _ it more difficult. (met99) a. not make b. not to

22、 make c. not making d. do not make 4 ive worked with children before, so i know what _ in my new job. (nmet2000) a. expected b. to expect c. to be expecting d. expects5. charles babbage is generally considered _the first computer. (met1998)a.to invent b. inventing c. to have invented c. having inven

23、ted6. allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way home. (met2003)a.much too heavy b. too much heavy c. heavy too much d. too heavy much7. the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. (nmet95)a. not to b. not to do c. not do it d. do not to8. li

24、ttle jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. (met 97)a.to be taken b. to take c. being taken d. taking9.there are five pairs _,but im at a loss which to buy.(1999上海高考上海高考)a.to be chosen b. to choose from c. to choose d. for choosing10. _late in the afternoon, bob turned off the alarm. (2001年北京春季高考年北京春季高考) a. to sleep b. sleeping c. sleep d. having sleep 11. with a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002年上海春季高考年上海春季高考)a.settled b. settling c.to settl