初中英語名詞專講經(jīng)典教案(共6頁)

1、 初三英語總復(fù)習(xí)名詞教案 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 掌握名詞的用法和特點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)：1、掌握名詞分類和名詞的“數(shù)”和“格”的概念；掌握名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則，尤其注意不規(guī)則名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的形式。難點(diǎn)：將名詞放在活生生的語境中進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，排除漢語干擾是做好名詞辨析題的關(guān)鍵?？键c(diǎn)分析：1、名詞的詞義辨析 2、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的辨析是?？键c(diǎn) 3、名詞辨析的考查是中考的熱點(diǎn)教學(xué)步驟及教學(xué)內(nèi)容1、 上課前說出要求，提出目標(biāo)2、 Free talk 引出本節(jié)課講解的重點(diǎn)3、 講解本節(jié)課的語法內(nèi)容：名詞的概念，分類，變化規(guī)律。 名詞分類 專有名詞 普通名詞 可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞 名詞 名詞的數(shù) 可數(shù)名詞的規(guī)則變化 不規(guī)則變化

2、 不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù) of所有格的構(gòu)成和用法 名詞所有格 's所有格的構(gòu)成和用法 雙重所有格 名詞作主語 名詞的句法功能 名詞作定語 名詞作賓語4、 課堂練習(xí)。查看學(xué)生對該語法的掌握情況，如果有不理解或者不明白的地方立刻解決。五、課后作業(yè)：1、復(fù)習(xí)本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容 2、完成相應(yīng)的練習(xí)語法梳理 名詞知識概要1、 名詞的分類名詞即表示人或物名稱的詞，它分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類。具體可看表：類別意義例詞專有名詞表示人、地方、事物、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等名稱的詞Lucy, China, the Great Wall, the Great Hall of the People普通名詞可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞表示個(gè)體的

3、人或事物的詞dictionary, pencil, chair, window集體名詞表示一群人或一些事物的詞Family, police, class, group, team不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞表示構(gòu)成各種物體的物質(zhì)或材料的詞Rice, glass, water, porridge, paper, air, wood,wheat, steel抽象名詞表示狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、行為、感情等抽象概念的詞Knowledge, danger health, life, homework, interest, love動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋，觀察一下： car cars ， student students ， bookbo

4、oks designerdesigners airplaneairplanes water, bread, paper, tear, 2、 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1、 名詞按其所表示的事物的性質(zhì)分為可數(shù)名詞（Countable Noun） 和不可數(shù)名詞（Uncountable Noun），可數(shù)名詞又有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。練一練 ：把下面的名詞變成它的復(fù)數(shù)形式season_form_plan_bus_watch_tomato_hobby_ city_ toy_ monkey_wife_leaf_ man_woman_ sheep_mouse_foot_(一)名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成規(guī)律： 情況 構(gòu)成方法 例詞一

5、般情況 +scake grape month couple 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh等結(jié)尾的詞 +eswatch box bus boss輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞 改y為i，+esbeauty county baby lady factory 以f和fe結(jié)尾的詞 變f(fe)為vesleaf wife wolf knife life thief以o結(jié)尾的詞1、 有生命體的+es,2、無生命體的+sNegro hero potato tomato mango黑人英雄喜歡吃土豆、番茄和芒果。radio zoo piano photo （二）一些不規(guī)則變化特例：manmen woman-women

6、tooth-teeth foot-feet mouse-mice child-children deer-deer sheep-sheepChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese policeman-policemen（與man和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women）EnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrenchmen（三）某國人變復(fù)數(shù)，記住以下的順口溜： 中日不變，英法改變，其他加s ChineseChinese JapaneseJapaneseEnglishmanEnglishmen FrenchmanFrench

7、menAmericanAmericans （例外：German-Germans）（German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Germans）（四）復(fù)合詞的復(fù)數(shù): 改中心詞為復(fù)數(shù) girl student girl students注意：man和 woman 等作定語時(shí)，它的單復(fù)數(shù)以所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定， 例如： woman teacher-women teachers man teacher -men teachers(五)表示復(fù)數(shù)的名詞（復(fù)合名詞） police（警察) Public (公眾) family （家人） people（人們） the + 姓s 例：the Smiths 史密斯一

8、家人 注意:有些集體名詞如family,team,class,police等表示一個(gè)整體時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù);表示各成員時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式.練一練：My family _(be) a big one. All my family _be) in China now. （六）數(shù)詞+名詞作定語時(shí),這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式,中間加連字符.例如:ten-minute walk, an 8-year-old girl, a ten-mile walk (七) 看似復(fù)數(shù)實(shí)際是單數(shù)的名詞： news 消息Politics 政治 Maths 數(shù)學(xué) Physics 物理 1. No news _ goo

9、d news. (be) 2. I think maths _ very important.(八)既可作可數(shù)又可作不可數(shù)的名詞：chicken 小雞 / 雞肉room 房間 / 空間；位置work 作品/ 工作 paper 論文; 報(bào)紙/ 紙 glass 玻璃杯 / 玻璃 time 次；倍 / 時(shí)間 wood 樹林 / 木頭 fish 魚 / 魚肉 exercise 練習(xí) / 運(yùn)動(dòng)；鍛煉light 燈 / 光 fruit (各種)水果 / 水果(9) 常用不可數(shù)名詞bread; meat; rice; food; water; tea; milk; coffee; juice; paper;

10、 Grass; news; advice; music; information; sugar; chocolate; jam; Hair; ice; rain; snow; sun; wind; work; help; love; hope; weather;(十)不可數(shù)名詞"量"的表示方法. many a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞a number of much 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 a little some / a lot of 修飾可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不能與數(shù)詞連用，若要表示相應(yīng)的數(shù)量，則需要借助一定的單位詞1、 借助表示“張”、“塊”的單位詞 2、 a piece o

11、f paper 一張紙 a piece of music a piece of informationa piece of advice 一條建議 a piece of news 一條新聞 a piece of chalk 一支粉筆2.借助表示容量的詞a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 a cup of tea 一杯茶a bowl of rice 一碗米飯 a glass of beer 一杯啤酒3. 借助表示重量的詞a kilo of salt 一公斤鹽 ten tons of coal 十噸煤4. 借助表示形狀的詞a drop of water 一滴水 a grain of sand

12、 一粒沙a cup of tea two cups of teaa piece of paper three pieces of paper三.名詞所有格用來表示人或物的所有,以及領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系。表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加's其復(fù)數(shù)形式是s',如其結(jié)尾不是s的復(fù)數(shù)形式仍加's,如:a student's room, students' rooms, Children's Day.在表示時(shí)間、距離、世界、國家名詞的所有格要用's,如:a twenty minutes' walk.但無生命名詞的所有格則必須用of結(jié)構(gòu),如:the

13、 capital of our country, the colour of the flowers。分類構(gòu)成方法例子表示有生命的名詞的所有格（1）在單數(shù)名詞后加+'s。The teacher's office（2） 以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后只加 '。The teachers' officeBoys' game（3） 不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后要加's。The Children's PalaceThe People of Republic of China如某一物體屬于兩個(gè)或者兩個(gè)以上名詞所共有，只需在后一個(gè)并列名詞詞尾加's；如果不是，

14、則需在各個(gè)并列名詞后面分別加上's。John and Mary's house is big.（房子屬于他們兩人共有）John's and Mary's houses are big（房子屬于他們分別擁有）表示無生命的名詞所有格一般用“of+名詞”表示The doors of our classroomThe capital of China雙重所有格of+one's 或 of+名詞性物主代詞An old friend of his; A friend of my brother's4、 名詞的用法1、 作主語 English is useful

15、. 英語很有用。2、 作定語： 名詞作定語，一般用單數(shù)形式 paper tiger 紙老虎 work place 工作的地方3、 作賓語 She learns English hard every day. 她天天努力學(xué)英語。4、 做表語 Tom is my good friend. 湯姆是我的好朋友。5、 作賓語補(bǔ)足語 They chose the boy monitor. 他們選那個(gè)男孩當(dāng)班長。練一練 ：把下面的名詞變成它的復(fù)數(shù)形式season_form_plan_bus_watch_tomato_hobby_ city_ toy_ monkey_wife_leaf_ man_woman_

16、 sheep_mouse_foot_選擇：1. Some of the foreign friends are_,the others are_.A.Japanese;Germans B.Japanese;Germen C.Japaneses;Germans2.Three_are eating the grass at the foot of the mountain.A .sheeps B. sheep C .sheepes D. ships3._teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _teacher

17、s.A.A number of;women B.A number of; woman C.The number of; women 4.We can see two_in the picture. A .apple tree B.apples trees C. apple trees D. apples tree5.Good news.We will have a _holiday,I have heard of it, But it's coming in_A.three days;three days B.three days'three days' C.three

18、-day;three days6.A computer is one of the greatest_in this century. A、 inventor B. inventions C. invention7. _went to Japan yesterday.A.The White's B.The Whites C.The White8、Mr Black gave us _on how to learn English well.A.an adviceB.many advicesC.some adviceD.some advices填空：1.My family _(be) a

19、big one. All my family _be) in China now.2.No news _ good news. (be)3. I think maths _ very important.選擇： 1.The young woman is _English teacher.A Mary's and Lily B. Mary's and Lily's C.Mary and Lily's2.Her uncle feels happy because he heard from_A. a old friend of him B. an old frien

20、d of his C.an old friend of him3、With whom did you watch 2010 World Cup Opening Ceremony ? _. A. A friend of mine B. A friend of me C. A friend of my sister4. September 10th is _Day.A Teacher B Teachers C Teacher's D Teachers'5. June 1st is_.A. Children's day B. children's Day C .Chi

21、ldren's Day D. children's day綜合大練習(xí)一、單選題 1. Lucy and Lily_in the same class. A. am B. is C. are D. be 2. Which is the _to the bus stop, please? A road B way C street D address 3. Hurry up!There is_ time left. A little B a little C few D a few 4. How many _can you see in the picture? A tomatos

22、 B tomatoes C tomato D the tomato 5. - _is the meat. Please? - Ten yuan a kilo. A How much B How many C How old D How long 6 The boy's name is James Allen Green. So his given name is_. A James Allen B Allen Green C James Green D Mr. Green 7 Shanghai is one of the biggest_in our country. A city B

23、 city's C citys D cities 8 Would you please pass me_? A two paper B two papers C two pieces of paper D two pieces of papers 9 Tony is a friend of_. A. Mary's mother's B.mother of Mary's C. Mary mother's10 I only have_ bread for lunch today. A a bit B a bit of C little D few 11 "What would you like, Ann? ""I'd like two_." A glass of milk B glasses of milk C glass of milks D glasses of milks 12 There isn't _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me? A any, some B any, any C some, some D some,