名詞與主謂一致

1、名詞與主謂一致      （一）分類(lèi)專(zhuān)有名詞普通名詞國(guó)名地名人名團(tuán)體機(jī)構(gòu)名稱(chēng)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞           （二）轉(zhuǎn)換      個(gè)體名詞與抽象名詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換抽象化(抽象名詞，不可數(shù)名詞)個(gè)體名詞(可數(shù))in flower開(kāi)花a flower一朵花兒youth青春a youth年輕人success成功a success成功的人或

2、事      物質(zhì)名詞與個(gè)體名詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換物質(zhì)名詞(不可數(shù))具體化(個(gè)體名詞，可數(shù)名詞)iron鐵an iron熨斗glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯chicken雞肉a chicken小雞      抽象名詞與個(gè)體名詞的轉(zhuǎn)換抽象名詞(不可數(shù))具體化(個(gè)體名詞，可數(shù)名詞)in surprise 驚訝地a surprise 一件令人驚訝的事win success 獲得成功a success 一個(gè)(件)成功的人(事)win honor 贏得榮譽(yù)an honor 一個(gè)(件)引以為榮

3、的人(事)Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母.a failure 一個(gè)(件)失敗的人(事)have pity on sb. 憐憫某人a pity 可惜的事情with pleasure 樂(lè)意a pleasure 樂(lè)事      可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)的變化，而單復(fù)數(shù)的變化又分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。分 類(lèi)變化方法舉  例規(guī)則變化單數(shù)名詞詞尾直接加-sboy boys    pen pens以s，x ，ch，sh結(jié)尾的單詞一般加-esglassglas

4、ses  boxboxes   watchwatches   brushbrushes特例：stomach stomachs以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的變“y”為“i”再加“-es”babybabies    lady ladies注意：penny的兩種復(fù)數(shù)形式含義有所不同：pence（便士的錢(qián)數(shù)）  pennies(便士的枚數(shù))以“o”結(jié)尾的多數(shù)加-sradios   zoos   photos   pianos   

5、 kilos   tobaccos而下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)卻要加-es：tomato tomatoes    potato potatoes     hero heroes以“f”或“fe”結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式變“f”或“fe”為“v”，之后再加-eswifewives     self selves特例：handkerchiefhandkerchiefs  gulfgulfs  beliefbeliefs不規(guī)則變化改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man-m

6、en  woman-women   foot-feet   goose-geese   mouse-mice特例：child-children單復(fù)數(shù)相同sheep   deer    means（方法）  works（作品、工廠(chǎng)、著作）合成名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)的情況：將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)無(wú)主體名詞時(shí)將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)將兩部分都變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù) sons-in-law  lookers-on   passers-by  &#

7、160; story-tellers  boy friendsgrown-ups     housewives   stopwatches women singers  men servants      在熟悉以上規(guī)則的基礎(chǔ)上，特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：      1.注意以下名詞數(shù)的概念      以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞(多為學(xué)科

8、名詞)      physics, linguistics, mathematics, politics, statistics, news, the United States      集合名詞：表示一類(lèi)事物的集合或總稱(chēng)，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式      machinery, furniture, equipment, technology, luggage, baggage, homework, evidence

9、0;     單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式表達(dá)不同的意思      custom風(fēng)俗，習(xí)慣customs海關(guān)            damage損害damages賠償金      good好處，利益goods貨物          &

10、#160;       time時(shí)間times時(shí)代，次數(shù)，倍數(shù)      fish 魚(yú)肉fishes 各種魚(yú)                paper 紙papers 試卷，文件      water 水waters 水域     

11、;                        room 空間rooms 房間      time 時(shí)間times 時(shí)代               

12、0;                   arm 手臂arms 武器      有些抽象名詞有時(shí)以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，表示具體化，意義發(fā)生變化或構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)。      use ones brains動(dòng)腦筋         &

13、#160;                   meet with difficulties遇到各種困難      make preparations做準(zhǔn)備                 

14、         in high spirits 情緒高漲      good manners有禮貌                              

15、  Many thanks.非常感謝。      No pains, no gains.不勞無(wú)獲。                  congratulations祝賀      possessions所有物，財(cái)產(chǎn)       &

16、#160;                  surroundings環(huán)境      有些物質(zhì)名詞以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，表示數(shù)量之多，范圍之廣。      burst into tears 大哭起來(lái)          

17、;                miles of golden sands 綿延幾英里的金黃色沙灘      burn to ashes 燒成灰燼      形式上雖是單數(shù)，但表示的是復(fù)數(shù)含義      people, police, cattle, staff, p

18、ublic, theadj.(the rich富人), the 分詞(the wounded傷員)      2.集體名詞的數(shù)      family, team, audience, class, club, committee, crowd, group, enemy, cattle, government, majority, minority, part, people, police, public, staff等集體名詞注意其主謂一致，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，視為整體時(shí)作單數(shù)看

19、待，側(cè)重其成員時(shí)則作復(fù)數(shù)看待。      The enemy has suffered heavy losses.      The enemy are in flight.      名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下：      名詞詞尾加s，如the boys bag, mens room。      若名

20、詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾“s”，只加 “”。如：the workers struggle。      由of構(gòu)成的所有格：無(wú)生命名詞的所有格則必須用of結(jié)構(gòu)。      如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。      在熟悉以上規(guī)則的基礎(chǔ)上，特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：  

21、    1.如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有“s”，則表示“分別有”；只有一個(gè)“s”，則表示“共有”。      Johns and Marys rooms(分別擁有的房間)      John and Marys room(共有的一間)      2.“s”所有格的特殊表達(dá)形式      用于表示時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、重量等

22、的名詞后。      todays newspaper, five minutes walk(drive)，five pounds weight, ten dollars worth of apples。      用于表示國(guó)家、世界、城市等地方的名詞后。      the earths plant, the worlds population, Chinas industry, New Yorks parks。&#

23、160;     表示店鋪或某人的家時(shí)，常在名詞所有格后省去shop，house等名詞。      the tailors  裁縫店，the barbers理發(fā)店，go to the doctors上診所。      3.雙重所有格：of 名詞s(或+名詞性物主代詞)      a friend of Toms    

24、                               some/two students of mine      尤其是在表示贊揚(yáng)、批評(píng)或厭惡等感情色彩時(shí)常常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)。of 所修飾的名詞前通常有指示代詞that/this/the

25、se/those，但不能用the。      That invention of hers belongs to the world.她的那項(xiàng)發(fā)明是屬于全世界的。(表贊賞)      注意：當(dāng)of 之前的名詞是picture, portrait等詞時(shí)含義不同：      This is a picture of my friends.這是我朋友收藏的一幅畫(huà)。     

26、 This is a picture of my friend.這是我朋友的一張照片。      名詞作定語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)較為簡(jiǎn)潔的修飾語(yǔ)表達(dá)方式，根據(jù)習(xí)慣搭配可歸為以下幾類(lèi)：      1.表示中心詞的用途、功能、材料      stone figures石像，shoe shop鞋店，coffee cup咖啡杯      2.表示中心詞的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、

27、稱(chēng)呼。      summer holidays暑假，school education學(xué)校教育，evening dress晚禮服      注意：表具體的時(shí)間名詞作定語(yǔ)，則要用所有格結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。      yesterdays news昨天的消息  an hours drive開(kāi)車(chē)一小時(shí)的路程      3.表示中心詞的類(lèi)別、對(duì)象、身份。 

28、;     bike key自行車(chē)的鑰匙，animal trainer馴獸師，woman driver女駕駛員      4.表示中心詞的內(nèi)容      computer studies電腦學(xué)習(xí)，weather report天氣預(yù)報(bào)，film industry電影工業(yè)      5.表示部 分與整體的關(guān)系     &#

29、160;river banks河岸，animal bones動(dòng)物骨頭，cigarette ends煙頭      名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的特別注意點(diǎn)：      名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用其單數(shù)形式，且不隨后面的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)產(chǎn)生變化      two pencil boxes, girl friends, a seven-year-old boy      但是，少數(shù)的名詞

30、作定語(yǔ)卻用復(fù)數(shù)形式。      sports shoes 運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋                               clothes shops 服裝店      a sa

31、les girl女銷(xiāo)售員                              a greetings card 賀卡      man和woman作定語(yǔ)要注意其單復(fù)數(shù)形式的變化     

32、0;a man doctormen doctors; a woman engineerwomen engineers      名詞作定語(yǔ)和所有格作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。      the girl friend女朋友the girl's friend那位女孩的朋友      the woman driver女司機(jī)the woman's driver那位婦女的司機(jī)    

33、  名詞作定語(yǔ)和形容詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別      名詞作定語(yǔ)主要說(shuō)明物質(zhì)的材料、來(lái)源或?qū)ο?；形容詞作定語(yǔ)主要起修飾、限定的作用。      gold watch金表                       golden sunshine金色的陽(yáng)光&#

34、160;     heart trouble心臟病                       hearty welcome熱忱的歡迎      convenience food快餐       &#

35、160;            convenient food制作方便的食品      名詞是英語(yǔ)的主要詞匯之一，也是歷年高考的重要考點(diǎn)。綜合近幾年高考對(duì)名詞的考查，單項(xiàng)填空題中，每年都出現(xiàn)12道題。此外，在閱讀理解和完形填空中，名詞的一詞多義、熟詞新意也經(jīng)常涉及。因此，在備考中一定要結(jié)合具體的語(yǔ)境去感悟、理解名詞的辨析、名詞的一詞多義以及名詞的習(xí)慣用法等。      

36、;We always keep _ spare paper, in case we ran out.      A. too much      B. a number of        C. plenty of             D. a good many     &

37、#160;【解析】 答案為C。“paper”作為“紙”解釋時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞，所以先排除B和D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)題意“我們總是準(zhǔn)備充足的備用紙張，以防用光?！边x擇答案C。too much意為“太多”盡管修飾不可數(shù)名詞，但用在這兒不符合題意。      The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them.      A. many of&

38、#160;     B. masses of           C. the number of       D. a large amount of      【解析】答案為B?！窘馕觥看鸢笧閙asses of 意為“大量的”既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞；the number of意為“的數(shù)量”；a large amount of意為“大

39、量的”后接不可數(shù)名詞；“many of”后接前面帶 有定冠詞的名詞，意為“中的許多”。      The village is far away from here indeed. It's _ walk.       A. a four hour      B. a four hour's         &#

40、160; C. a four-hours            D. a four hours'      【解析】答案為D?！皐alk, ride, drive”等用做名詞可用來(lái)表示一般距離，其用法結(jié)構(gòu)為：“時(shí)間名詞的所有格+這些名詞”。      The_ is just around the corner and you wont miss it. &#

41、160;    A. bicycles shop     B .bicycle shop    C. bicycles shop      D bicycl es shop      【解析】答案為B。表示什么樣的商店要用單數(shù)名詞修飾“shop”。      He dropped the _and broke it. 

42、        A. cup of coffee     B. coffee's cup     C. cup for coffee      D. coffee cup      【解析】答案為D。coffee cup意為“ 咖啡杯”是指“用來(lái)喝咖啡的杯子”。名詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞。  

43、60;   一是考查語(yǔ)義方面的辨析：主要考查某些多義詞在特定上下文中的引申含義,以及準(zhǔn)確辨別一些同義、近義詞在特定語(yǔ)境中的差異的能力。      Most air pollution is caused by the burning of_     _ like coal, gas and oil.      A. fuels       

44、;         B. articles            C. goods           D. products      【解析】答案為A。由題干中的“coal，gas，oil”可知都是燃料，故正確答案A項(xiàng)意為“燃料”。articles意為“物品”；goods意為

45、“貨物、商品”；products意為“產(chǎn)品”。      To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten,      the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our      ”.      A. Sky  

46、0;               B. Life                C. Arts              D. Voices     

47、 【解析】答案為D。由語(yǔ)境可知，此處指人類(lèi)的語(yǔ)言，而語(yǔ)言是人類(lèi)說(shuō)的聲音，因此用“voices”。      Shall we go out for a walk?      Sorry. This is not the right         to invite me. I am too tired to walk.     

48、0;A. moment             B. situation          C. place                 D. chance      【解析】答案為A。

49、句意：“我們出去散散步好嗎？”“對(duì)不起，這不是邀請(qǐng)我的合適的時(shí)間，我太累了而不想去散步?！眒oment意為“某一時(shí)刻，片刻”；situation意為“情形，狀況”；place意為“地方”；chance意為“機(jī)會(huì)”。      The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly        .      A. atmosp

50、here         B. state                       C. situation          D. phenomenon      【解析】答案為A。句意：這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的最高

51、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在友好的氣氛中進(jìn)行交談。atmosphere意為“氣氛，氛圍”；state意為“狀態(tài)”；situation意為“形勢(shì)，局面”；phenomenon意為“現(xiàn)象”。      Whats the       of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a      while? &#

52、160;    A. sense                   B. matter             C. case              &#

53、160;   D. opinion      【解析】答案為A。本題所設(shè)的語(yǔ)境是：有這樣一個(gè)你在那里不能吃、不能喝甚至不能動(dòng)的公共開(kāi)放場(chǎng)所有什么意義呢？sense意為“意義、意識(shí)”；matter意為“問(wèn)題，麻煩”；case意為“情況，問(wèn)題”；opinion意為“意見(jiàn)，看法”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。      二是考查搭配方面的辨析：主要考查固定句型中的名詞、名詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配以及名詞與介詞的搭配等。    

54、60; The young man made a _to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.        A. prediction             B. promise            C. pl

55、an              D. contribution      【解析】答案為B。句意：這位年輕人向他的父母許諾說(shuō)畢業(yè)之后他將努力自食其力。make a promise意為“許諾、答應(yīng)”其后的“that”從句為同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明先行詞“promise”的內(nèi)容，其它選項(xiàng)不合句意。      I bought a dress for only 2010 dol

56、lars in a sale; it was a real        .      A. exchange                B. bargain           C. trade   &#

57、160;             D. business      【解析】答案為B。bargain用作名詞時(shí)，意為“廉價(jià)貨，便宜貨”，a real bargain意為“真便宜”。      It is no        arguing with Bill because he will neve

58、r change his mind.      A. use                B. help            C. time            D. way 

59、0;    【解析】答案為A?！癷t is no use后接動(dòng)詞+ing形式”或“動(dòng)詞+ing形式短語(yǔ)”表示“做某事沒(méi)有用”。      I have read the material several times but it doesnt make any _ to me.      A. meaning           

60、0; B. importance      C. sense              D. significance      【解析】答案為C。因?yàn)閙ake sense意為“有意義、講得通、有道理” 是固定習(xí)語(yǔ)。      Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the t

61、able within _ of little children.      A. hand                B. reach           C. space            

62、; D. distance【解析】答案為B。within ones reach意為“伸手拿（夠）得到”，是習(xí)語(yǔ)。      在英語(yǔ)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)保持一致。近幾年來(lái)，高考關(guān)于該內(nèi)容的考查主要集中在語(yǔ)法一致、邏輯意義一致以及就近（遠(yuǎn)）一致原則等三個(gè)方面。      一、語(yǔ)法一致原則      只要確定句子的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)意義，則謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，句子的主語(yǔ)意義復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。具體表現(xiàn)如下： 

63、;     1.不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，一律視為單數(shù)。某些以s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，仍視為單數(shù)。      No news is good news.      His task was to collect information.      How much machinery has been installed?    

64、60; 2.表示單一概念的動(dòng)名詞、不定式或句子作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。      When and where to go for the onsalary holiday has not been decided yet.      3. “ one, either, neither, each of 復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。      Either of the stories is

65、very funny.      4.something, everything, anything, nothing，somebody, nobody, no one 等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)通常是單數(shù)。      Nothing is impossible.      5.表示時(shí)間、金錢(qián)、距離、重量、數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，通?？醋饕粋€(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。     

66、 Ten pounds was missing from the box.      6. a series of, a kind of, a piece of, a pair of 等量詞修飾名詞，通常以量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)。      This pair of glasses is very expensive.      Two series of new stamps have bee

67、n ordered.      7.a number of 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，“許多”，復(fù)數(shù)意義；the number of 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，“的數(shù)目”，單數(shù)意義。the population of“的人口數(shù)量”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，但如果是分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、half of, the rest of the population 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，具體指其中的多少人，復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)則用復(fù)數(shù)。the average of“的平均數(shù)量”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。      The number of the

68、 students in our school is quite large and a number of teachers work hard.      The population of China is large and most of the population are farmers.      8.主語(yǔ)后with, together with, along with, except, besides, as well as 等短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要和這些短

69、語(yǔ)前面的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。(因?yàn)閣ith等詞為介詞，其后跟的名詞只能是介賓，不可能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。)      Mr. Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday.      9.“the adj.”結(jié)構(gòu)指一類(lèi)人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果指?jìng)€(gè)別人或表示抽象的概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。      The disabled are well tak

70、en care of in this country.      The dead in this accident was 20, a girl from Nanjing University.      The new is certain to replace the old.      10.分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、all, some, the rest, half of, most of, part of 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)

71、，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)其指代的含義確定。      The rest of the workers are still very tired.      11.當(dāng)and連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)在意義上指同一人、同一物、同一事或者同一概念時(shí)，應(yīng)看作單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。另外，當(dāng)and 連接兩個(gè)形容詞去修飾一個(gè)單數(shù)形式的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其實(shí)是指兩種不同的事物，主語(yǔ)則應(yīng)該看作是復(fù)數(shù)， 那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。      War and

72、peac e is a constant theme in history.      Chinese and Japanese silk are of good quality.      英語(yǔ)中并列結(jié)構(gòu)表示整體概念的有：      iron and steel 鋼鐵            

73、60;                   law and order 治安      bread and butter黃油面包                   &#

74、160;  a watch and chain 一塊帶鏈的表      a knife and fork 一副刀叉                            a coat and tie 一件配有領(lǐng)帶的上衣   

75、60;  aim and end 目的                                  truth and honesty 真誠(chéng)      12.what 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句作

76、主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要取決于作表語(yǔ)的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。      What surprised me most was his attitude towards his study.      13.such 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要根據(jù)其意義而定。      Such is Stephen Hawking, who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much

77、.      14.quantities of 名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不論名詞是復(fù)數(shù)還是不可數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)一律用復(fù)數(shù)。      a quantity of 名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。      a quantity of 不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。      amounts of 不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。    

78、  an amount of 不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。      Every day quantities of water are wasted.            A large amount of damage has been done because of the floods.      二、邏輯意義一致原則 &#

79、160;    1.every /each/no 名詞and every/ each/ no 名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。      Every boy and every girl is having sports now.      2.“one 單數(shù)名詞and a half”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。      One apple and a half was on the

80、 table.      3.“more than one 單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。      More than one student has failed the exam.      4.“many a 單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。      Many a child was playing there.  

81、;    【注意】以上四種情況，如果從意義上來(lái)講，主語(yǔ)有復(fù)數(shù)意義，但由于名詞都是以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的，故謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)形式上與主語(yǔ)的單數(shù)形式一致。      三、就近（遠(yuǎn)）一致原則      1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)常常與最近作主語(yǔ)的詞語(yǔ)保持一致。常出現(xiàn)在這類(lèi)句子中的連詞有：or, notbut； eitheror， neithernor， not onlybut also 等。     

82、; Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.      Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress.      2.在倒裝句中謂語(yǔ)可與后面最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致。      In the distance was

83、heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.      3.當(dāng)there be 句型的主語(yǔ)是一系列事物時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與最鄰近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。      There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.      There are twenty boystudents and twentyth

84、ree girlstudents in the class.      4.當(dāng)一個(gè)句子是由 there 或here引起，而主語(yǔ)又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常和最靠近它的主語(yǔ)一致。      Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.      5.在定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞如果在從句中作主語(yǔ)，依先行詞決定從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式；在“one of復(fù)數(shù)名

85、詞who/that/which”引導(dǎo)的從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句中的動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但是之前有the (only)等修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，則從句中的動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。      Mary is the only one of the students in our school who has ever been to China.      6.主語(yǔ)后面跟有“with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, no less than, rath

86、er than, more than, besides,  along with, including, in addition to”等引起的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要跟主語(yǔ)一致，即就遠(yuǎn)一致。      Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.      A woman with a baby was on the bus.     

87、 Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.      She like you and Tom, is very tall.      The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese.      No one except my teachers knows anything abou

88、t it.      動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞以及名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致      Most of what has been said about the Smiths_also true of the Johnsons.      A. are        B. is       &

89、#160; C. being      D. to be      【解析】答案為B。本題的主語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)從句通?？醋鞑豢蓴?shù)，“most of”修飾主語(yǔ)從句依然是不可數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)形式。      one, either, neither, each等+of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致      Each of the students, work

90、ing hard at his or her lessons, _ to go      to university.      So do I.      A. hope       B. hopes     C. hoping     D. hoped  

91、    【解析】答案為B。本題的主語(yǔ)是“each”，“of the students”作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾“each”。      由and連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致      Di d you go to the show last night?      Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _invited.   

92、;   A. were          B. have been    C. has been       D. was      【解析】答案為D。主語(yǔ)是“every boy and girl”表示單數(shù)概念，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，且詢(xún)問(wèn)昨晚的情況，有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間，所以應(yīng)選擇“was”。    &#

93、160; A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.      A. is          B. are       C. was        D.

94、were      【解析】答案為A。此題中“and”連接的第二個(gè)名詞“artist”前沒(méi)有加冠詞，說(shuō)明指的是同一個(gè)人，應(yīng)為單數(shù)。      定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致      He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.      A. is&

95、#160;         B. are       C. have been   D. has been      【解析】答案為D?！皌he only one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語(yǔ)從句”中的先行詞是“the only one”，定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，又結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“for three years“可知應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。    

96、;  quantities of+名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致      With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year.      A. is washing away          B. is being washed away   

97、;   C. are washing away         D. are being washed away      【解析】答案為D。一般講“quantities of“不論修飾可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。      the number of與a number of的區(qū)別    

98、0; As you can see, the number of cars on our roads_ rising these days.      A. was keeping    B. keep      C. keeps       D. were keeping      【解析】答案為C。在“the number

99、of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”中主語(yǔ)是“the number（數(shù)量）”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。      Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _ in the clothing industry.      A. is working     B. works     

100、C. work        D. worked      【解析】答案為C。a number of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Nowadays可知應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。      分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致      The company had about 20 notebook computers but only on

101、e-third_ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.      A. is             B. are        C. was         D. were  &#

102、160;   【解析】答案為D。“one-third”是指“20臺(tái)筆記本中的三分之一”，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，前后是今昔對(duì)比的描述，空格處應(yīng)使用過(guò)去時(shí)。      【答案】      _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.      A. Two fifth; is   

103、         B. Two fifth; are           C. Two fifths; is                D. Two fifths; are      【解析】答案為C。分子大于“1”時(shí)，作分母

104、的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，并且分?jǐn)?shù)修飾的是不可數(shù)名詞“l(fā)and”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。      倒裝句中的主謂一致      At the foot of the mountain _.       A. a village lie       B. lies a village      

105、            C. does a village lie            D. lying a village      【解析】答案為B。這是一個(gè)全部倒裝的句子，主語(yǔ)是“a village”。      On top of the books _the photo album youre looking for.      A. is           B. are         C. has        D. have&