溫度的測量實驗報告

1、溫度測量及熱傳導(dǎo)溫度測量及熱傳導(dǎo)主要內(nèi)容主要內(nèi)容D實驗收獲及建議實驗收獲及建議B實驗數(shù)據(jù)及分析實驗數(shù)據(jù)及分析C實驗問題實驗問題A實驗介紹實驗介紹)( grad Tq圖圖2 TC-3B2 TC-3B型穩(wěn)態(tài)法固體導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)測定儀型穩(wěn)態(tài)法固體導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)測定儀實驗數(shù)據(jù)：測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1 12 23 34 45 5平均值平均值散熱銅盤散熱銅盤C d d（cm）9.8449.8449.849.849.8429.8429.849.849.849.849.84129.8412h h（cm）0.980.980.9740.9740.9780.9780.980.980.9780.9780.9780.978硅橡膠盤硅橡

2、膠盤d d（cm）9.9129.9129.9169.9169.929.929.9169.9169.9129.9129.91529.9152h h（cm）0.9020.9020.90.90.9020.9020.8960.8960.8980.8980.89960.8996環(huán)氧樹脂環(huán)氧樹脂d d（cm）10.0510.0510.0510.0510.04810.04810.04610.04610.04210.04210.047210.0472h h（cm）0.8040.8040.8040.8040.8060.8060.8040.8040.7980.7980.80320.8032鋁棒鋁棒d d（cm）2

3、.7722.7722.772.772.7742.7742.7722.7722.7742.7742.77242.7724h h（cm）6.396.396.3946.3946.396.396.396.396.3866.3866.396.39物品參數(shù)直徑及厚度物品參數(shù)直徑及厚度 m mc c=654g=654g測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 9T2()T2()22.522.523.223.224.724.726.626.628.428.430.230.2323233.633.635.235.2測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1010111112121313141415151616

4、17171818T2()T2()36.836.838.638.640.440.441.441.4424242.542.542.942.943.343.343.543.5測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1 12 23 34 45 56 6T1()T1()58.158.158.158.158.158.158.158.158.158.158.158.1T2()T2()43.843.844.144.144.444.444.644.644.844.844.844.8t=5mint=5min測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 9T2()T2()23.423.426.526.529.529.

5、532.632.635.335.337.537.539.439.441.141.142.242.2測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)101011111212131314141515161617171818T2()T2() 43.643.644.644.645.445.446.146.146.746.747.247.247.647.6484848.348.3測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1 12 23 34 45 5T1()T1()58.258.258.258.258.158.158.158.158.158.1T2()T2()48.848.849.249.249.549.549.649.649.649.62.2.環(huán)氧樹脂：環(huán)氧

6、樹脂：t=2min t=2min T1=58.1 T2=49.6T1=58.1 T2=49.6t=5mint=5min測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 9T2()T2()23.723.725.325.327.227.229.129.130.830.832.332.333.633.634.834.835.935.9101011111212131314141515161617171818191936.836.837.637.638.338.338.938.939.539.5404040.440.440.840.841.241.241.541.5測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)1

7、12 23 34 45 56 6T1()T1() 44.244.245.145.145.345.345.345.345.345.345.345.3T2()T2() 424242.442.442.742.742.942.9434343433.3.鋁棒：鋁棒：t=2min t=2min T1=45.3 T2=43.0T1=45.3 T2=43.0t=5mint=5min銅盤銅盤C的散熱溫度記錄表：的散熱溫度記錄表： t=30st=30s測量測量次數(shù)次數(shù)1 12 23 34 45 56 67 78 89 910101111T()T() 49.549.54949 48.648.6 48.148.1 4

8、7.747.747.447.4 4747 46.646.6 46.346.3 45.945.9 45.645.612121313141415151616171718181919202021212222232345.345.3 44.944.9 44.644.6 44.344.3 4444 43.743.743.343.3 4343 42.642.6 42.442.4 42.142.1 41.841.849.54948.648.147.747.44746.646.345.945.645.344.944.644.34443.743.34342.642.442.141.841424344454647

9、4849500510152025溫度溫度測量次數(shù)測量次數(shù)銅盤銅盤c c散熱曲線散熱曲線數(shù)據(jù)處理：數(shù)據(jù)處理：對散熱銅盤：對散熱銅盤：t=660s t=660s ，T1 T2T1 T2指溫度變化量指溫度變化量 2B21CCBCC1222RTThRhhRtTcm處理公式：處理公式：V Vc c= =T/t=7.7/660=T/t=7.7/660= 0.01170.0117測量物品測量物品散熱銅盤散熱銅盤C C硅橡膠盤硅橡膠盤環(huán)氧樹脂環(huán)氧樹脂鋁棒鋁棒d d（cmcm）（平均值）（平均值）9.84129.84129.91529.915210.047210.04722.77242.7724h h（cmcm

10、）（平均值）（平均值）0.9780.9780.89960.89960.80320.80326.396.39T1()T1()49.549.558.158.158.158.145.345.3T2()T2()41.841.844.844.849.649.64343測量值測量值0.1540.1540.2080.20880.68880.688實驗問題及分析：實驗問題及分析：為什么要在穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度附近取值測量以及如何得出銅盤為什么要在穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度附近取值測量以及如何得出銅盤c c的散熱速率：的散熱速率：1.1.因為銅盤因為銅盤c c的散熱并非是線性的，它的冷卻速率因為溫度不同而不同。的散熱并非是線性的，它的冷卻速

11、率因為溫度不同而不同。2.2.在實驗中當(dāng)系統(tǒng)處于穩(wěn)態(tài)時，通過待測樣品的傳熱率與散熱盤向側(cè)在實驗中當(dāng)系統(tǒng)處于穩(wěn)態(tài)時，通過待測樣品的傳熱率與散熱盤向側(cè)面和下面的散熱率相同，所以測冷卻速率要在穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度。面和下面的散熱率相同，所以測冷卻速率要在穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度。3.3.但我們只能測得某時間段內(nèi)的溫度變化，無法得出某時刻溫度變化，但我們只能測得某時間段內(nèi)的溫度變化，無法得出某時刻溫度變化，所以我們應(yīng)在穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度附近測量冷卻速率。所以我們應(yīng)在穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度附近測量冷卻速率。4.4.也正因為無法得出某時刻的冷卻速率，我們只能通過測量極小溫度也正因為無法得出某時刻的冷卻速率，我們只能通過測量極小溫度變化來近似得出冷卻速率。變化來近似得出冷卻速率。為什么只需考慮冷卻速率的誤差：為什么只需考慮冷卻速率的誤差：通過對導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)分析可知，質(zhì)量的數(shù)量級相對溫度變化通過對導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)分析可知，質(zhì)量的數(shù)量級相對溫度變化導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)偏小原因：導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)偏小原因：1.1. 樣品表面老化，影響傳熱。樣品表面老化，影響傳熱。 2.2.加熱板、樣品、散熱板之間有縫隙，影響傳熱。加熱板、樣品、散熱板之間有縫隙，影響傳熱。 3.3. 傳感器與發(fā)熱盤和散熱盤接觸不良。傳感器與發(fā)熱盤和散熱盤接觸不良。樣品盤是厚一些好還是薄一些